{"id":39022,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","slug":"kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","title":{"rendered":"Cloudflare je implementirao modul za podr\u0161ku HTTP\/3 u NGINX","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tvrtka Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/experiment-with-http-3-using-nginx-and-quiche\/\">pripremila<\/a><\/noindex>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">modul<\/a><\/noindex> za podr\u0161ku HTTP\/3 protokola u NGINX-u. Modul je implementiran kao dodatak razvoju biblioteke u Cloudflare-u <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50061\">quiche<\/a><\/noindex> s implementacijom transportnog protokola QUIC i HTTP\/3. K\u00f4d quiche napisan je na jeziku Rust, ali je sam modul za NGINX napisan na jeziku C i povezuje se s bibliotekom putem dinami\u010dkog povezivanja. Radovi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">otvorene<\/a><\/noindex> pod BSD licencom.<\/p>\n<p>Za kompilaciju je dovoljno preuzeti <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/extras\/nginx\/nginx-1.16.patch\">zakrpa<\/a><\/noindex> nginx 1.16 i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\">kod<\/a><\/noindex> quiche biblioteke, nakon \u010dega je potrebno ponovo sastaviti nginx s opcijama \"--with-http_v3_module --with-quiche=..\/quiche\". Prilikom sastavljanja, podr\u0161ka za TLS trebala bi se temeljiti na BoringSSL biblioteci (\"--with-openssl=..\/quiche\/deps\/boringssl\"), dok kori\u0161tenje OpenSSL trenutno nije podr\u017eano. Za prihva\u0107anje veza potrebno je dodati direktivu listen s oznakom \"quic\" (npr. \"listen 443 quic reuseport\").<\/p>\n<p>U klijentskom softveru, podr\u0161ka za HTTP\/3 ve\u0107 je dodana u eksperimentalne verzije Chrome Canary i alat curl. Na strani servera jo\u0161 uvijek je bilo potrebno koristiti ograni\u010dene <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/examples\/http3-server.rs\">testne implementacije<\/a><\/noindex>. Mogu\u0107nost obrade HTTP\/3 u nginx-u \u0107e zna\u010dajno pojednostaviti implementaciju servera sa podr\u0161kom za HTTP\/3 i u\u010diniti testnu primjenu novog protokola dostupnijom. Pojava nativne podr\u0161ke za HTTP\/3 u nginx-u <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/openforum\/vsluhforumID3\/118512.html#64\">o\u010dekuje se<\/a><\/noindex> u grani 1.17.x o\u010dekuje se u roku od 6-12 mjeseci.<\/p>\n<p>Podsjetimo da HTTP\/3 standardizira kori\u0161tenje protokola QUIC kao transporta za HTTP\/2. Protokol <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chromium.org\/quic\/\">QUIC<\/a><\/noindex> (Quick UDP Internet Connections) razvija se od 2013. godine od strane Google-a kao alternativa vezi TCP+TLS za web, rije\u0161avaju\u0107i probleme s dugim vremenom uspostave i dogovora veza u TCP-u te uklanjaju\u0107i ka\u0161njenja prilikom gubitka paketa tijekom prijenosa podataka. QUIC je nadogradnja na UDP protokol, koja podr\u017eava multiplexiranje vi\u0161e veza i pru\u017ea metode \u0161ifriranja ekvivalentne TLS\/SSL-u. <\/p>\n<p>Glavne <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1lmL9EF6qKrk7gbazY8bIdvq3Pno2Xj_l_YShP40GLQE\/preview?sle=true#\">karakteristike<\/a><\/noindex> QUIC:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Visoka sigurnost, sli\u010dna TLS-u (u su\u0161tini QUIC pru\u017ea mogu\u0107nost kori\u0161tenja TLS-a preko UDP-a);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kontrola cjelovitosti toka, koja sprje\u010dava gubitak paketa;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mogu\u0107nost trenutnog uspostavljanja veze (0-RTT, u otprilike 75% slu\u010dajeva podaci se mogu prenositi odmah nakon slanja paketa za uspostavljanje veze) i osiguranje minimalnih ka\u0161njenja izme\u0111u slanja zahtjeva i primanja odgovora (RTT, Round Trip Time);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nedavanje istog broja sekvencijskog paketa pri ponovnom slanju, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava izbjegavanje nejasno\u0107a pri odre\u0111ivanju primljenih paketa i uklanjanje vremenskih prekida;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Gubitak paketa utje\u010de samo na isporuku povezane struje i ne zaustavlja isporuku podataka u paralelno prijenosima kroz trenutno uspostavljene struje;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Sredstva za ispravak gre\u0161aka, koja minimiziraju ka\u0161njenja uzrokovana ponovnim slanjem izgubljenih paketa. Kori\u0161tenje specijalnih kodova za ispravak gre\u0161aka na razini paketa za smanjenje situacija koje zahtijevaju ponovno slanje podataka izgubljenog paketa.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Granice kriptografskih blokova su poravnate s granicama QUIC paketa, \u0161to smanjuje utjecaj gubitaka paketa na dekodiranje sadr\u017eaja sljede\u0107ih paketa;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nema problema s blokiranjem TCP reda;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Podr\u0161ka za identifikator veze, koji omogu\u0107ava smanjenje vremena potrebnog za ponovnu uspostavu veze za mobilne klijente;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mogu\u0107nost povezivanja s pro\u0161irenim mehanizmima kontrole optere\u0107enja veze;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kori\u0161tenje tehnike predvi\u0111anja propusnosti u svakom smjeru za osiguranje optimalne intenziteta slanja paketa, sprje\u010davaju\u0107i povratak u stanje preoptere\u0107enja u kojem se primje\u0107uje gubitak paketa;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Zna\u010dajan <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/web.cs.wpi.edu\/~claypool\/ms\/quic\/quic-thesis.pdf\">porast<\/a><\/noindex> performansi i propusnosti, u usporedbi s TCP-om. Za video servise poput YouTube-a, uporaba QUIC-a pokazala je smanjenje ponovnog punjenja prilikom reprodukcije videa za 30%.\n<\/li>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Izvor: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51695\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 HTTP\/3 \u0432 NGINX. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Cloudflare \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0439 quiche \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 QUIC \u0438 HTTP\/3. \u041a\u043e\u0434 quiche \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f NGINX \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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