{"id":74853,"date":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","date_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra"},"modified":"2020-03-21T08:42:40","modified_gmt":"2020-03-21T05:42:40","slug":"linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/administrirovanie\/linux-kernel-5-6-chto-zhdat-v-novoj-versii-yadra","title":{"rendered":"Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 \u0161to o\u010dekivati u novoj verziji jezgre","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Izlazak Linux kernel 5.6 planiran je za kraj o\u017eujka. U dana\u0161njem materijalu raspravljamo o nadolaze\u0107im promjenama \u2014 novom datote\u010dnom sustavu, protokolu WireGuard i a\u017euriranjima upravlja\u010dkih programa.<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\nFotografija \u2013 lucas huffman<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Dugo o\u010dekivani VPN-protokol<\/h2>\n

\nDavid Miller, zadu\u017een za mre\u017enu podsubsystemu Linux, odlu\u010dio je uklju\u010diti<\/a><\/noindex> u sastav jezgre WireGuard. To je VPN-tunel, razvijen u tvrtki za informati\u010dku sigurnost Edge Security. Ideju raspravljali<\/a><\/noindex> jo\u0161 prije dvije godine \u2014 tada je podr\u017eao<\/a><\/noindex> sam Linus Torvalds \u2014 no implementacija je odgo\u0111ena. Projekt je bio jako vezan uz kriptografske funkcije Edge Security. No prije pola godine autori novog protokola pristali su na kompromis i prebacili se<\/a><\/noindex> na podr\u017eani jezgrin Crypto API.<\/p>\n

Postoji mi\u0161ljenje<\/a><\/noindex>, da bi u perspektivi WireGuard mogao zamijeniti OpenVPN. Prema testovima<\/a><\/noindex>, propusnost novog protokola \u010detiri puta je ve\u0107a od OpenVPN: 1011 Mbit\/s naspram 258 Mbit\/s. No ovdje valja napomenuti da prelazak na standardni Crypto API mo\u017ee pogor\u0161ati rezultate.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\nJo\u0161 jedna zna\u010dajka WireGuard-a je ta \u0161to ne prekida vezu<\/a><\/noindex>, \u010dak i ako korisnik dobije novu IP adresu, i samostalno rje\u0161ava pitanja usmjeravanja. U te svrhe svakom mre\u017enom su\u010delju dodjeljuje se tajni klju\u010d. On se generira pomo\u0107u Diffie-Hellman protokola<\/a><\/noindex>. Sama enkripcija je izgra\u0111ena<\/a><\/noindex> na ChaCha20 i algoritmu Poly1305<\/a><\/noindex>. Oni se smatraju pobolj\u0161anim ekvivalentima AES-256-CTR i HMAC<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Novi datote\u010dni sustav<\/h2>\n

\nOvaj sustav postao je<\/a><\/noindex> Zonefs, predstavljena od strane in\u017eenjera tvrtke Western Digital. Namijenjena je radu sa zonirom ure\u0111ajima za pohranu (zoned storage<\/a><\/noindex>). To su blokovni ure\u0111aji, \u010diji je adresni prostor podijeljen na zone (na primjer, NVMe SSD). Datote\u010dni sustav omogu\u0107ava obradu svake zone kao datoteku \u2014 to jest, kori\u0161tenje specijalnih API umjesto ioctl<\/a><\/noindex> za obra\u0107anje SCHED-u. Sli\u010dan pristup koristi se u bazama podataka RocksDB i LevelDB. Omogu\u0107uje smanjenje tro\u0161kova preuzimanja koda, izvorno prilago\u0111enog za rad s datotekama.<\/p>\n

U Linuxu ve\u0107 postoji funkcija za interakciju s blokovnim ure\u0111ajima. U jezgru verzije 4.13 pojavio se<\/a><\/noindex> modul dm-zoned. Predstavlja zonirani ure\u0111aj za pohranu kao obi\u010dan blok ure\u0111aj, a Zonefs postat \u0107e alternativa.<\/p>\n

\"Linux
\nFotografija \u2013 Suzan Kir\u0161i\u0107<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Osim uvo\u0111enja novog datote\u010dnog sustava, programeri Linux jezgre izvr\u0161ili su promjene u postoje\u0107im. Uvedeni su dodane su<\/a><\/noindex> mehanizmi kompresije LZO<\/a><\/noindex>\/LZ4<\/a><\/noindex> za F2FS \u2014 njihova podr\u0161ka \u0107e ostati eksperimentalna. Mora\u0107e se ru\u010dno uklju\u010diti tokom montiranja particije (opcija compress_algorithm<\/i>). Tako\u0111e, nadogradnja \u0107e dobiti<\/a><\/noindex> EXT4 \u2014 povezan je sa operacijama direktnog ulaza\/izlaza. Paket a\u017euriranja predstavio je in\u017eenjer iz IBM-a Ritesh Harjan. Prema njegovim re\u010dima<\/a><\/noindex>, u nekim slu\u010dajevima zakrpa mo\u017ee pove\u0107ati performanse datote\u010dnog sistema za 140%.<\/p>\n

A\u017euriranja drajvera<\/h2>\n

\nU jezgru \u0107e se pojaviti novi drajver cpuidle_cooling<\/i>. Njegova zadatak<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 hla\u0111enje CPU\/SoC, ugra\u0111uju\u0107i prazne cikluse tokom rada. U nekom smislu je sli\u010dan drajveru PowerClamp za Intel procesore, me\u0111utim nije vezan za odre\u0111enu arhitekturu. Sistem su izradili<\/a><\/noindex> stru\u010dnjaci iz Linaro, koji se bave optimizacijom softvera s otvorenim izvorom za ARM platforme.<\/p>\n

Tako\u0111er bit \u0107e dodana<\/a><\/noindex> podr\u0161ka za grafi\u010dke kartice serije GeForce 20 (TU10x). Odgovaraju\u0107i drajver razvio je Ben Skeggs iz projekta Nouveau. Na\u017ealost, GeForce 16 (TU11x) \u0107e ostati \"izvan igre\". Nvidia nije dostavila softverske slike potrebne za inicijalizaciju kartice. Tako\u0111e, nove grafi\u010dke kartice pod Linux-om mogu imati problema s performansama zbog nedostatka reklo\u010denja \u2014 automatskog upravljanja frekvencijom. U pro\u0161losti je utvr\u0111eno da drajveri Nouveau mogu funkcionisati<\/a><\/noindex> 20-30% sporije od originalnih.<\/p>\n

\"Linux
\nFotografija \u2013 Andrew Abbate<\/a><\/noindex> \u2013 Unsplash<\/i><\/p>\n

Jo\u0161 novo jezgro \u0107e podr\u017eavati<\/a><\/noindex> USB4. Odgovaraju\u0107e izmene su predlo\u017eili<\/a><\/noindex> in\u017eenjeri iz Intela. Modifikovali su postoje\u0107u kodnu bazu vezanu za Thunderbolt \u2014 to je otprilike dve hiljade linija.<\/p>\n

Naravno, to nisu sve nadogradnje koje \u0107e do\u0107i u jezgro \u2014 na primer, mo\u017ee se o\u010dekivati<\/a><\/noindex> podr\u0161ka za dodatne periferne i mre\u017ene ure\u0111aje. Tako\u0111e, kernel 5.6 \u0107e postati prvi 32-bitni kernel u kojem \u0107e biti re\u0161en<\/a><\/noindex> problem iz 2038. godine.<\/a><\/noindex>. Krajem januara, in\u017eenjeri su uneli<\/a><\/noindex> kona\u010dne izmene u nfsd, xfs, alsa i v4l2. Nadaju se da \u0107e za preostalih osamnaest godina korisnici i programeri distribucija imati vremena da pre\u0111u na kernel 5.6 (ili njegove budu\u0107e verzije).<\/p>\n

Materijali o temi s korporativnog bloga 1cloud.ru:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Linux Ve\u0107ina superra\u010dunara radi pod operativnim sistemom Linux \u2014 raspravljamo o situaciji<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Kako osigurati Linux sustav: 10 savjeta<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

O \u010demu pi\u0161emo na Habr\u00e9:<\/b><\/p>\n

\"Linux Analiziramo preporuke za za\u0161titu li\u010dnih podataka i IB \u2014 na \u0161ta treba obratiti pa\u017enju<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Prvi put je foton teleporatovan sa jednog \u010dipa na drugi<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"Linux Kako IT sektor poma\u017ee svijetu da manje hrane odbaci<\/a><\/noindex><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Izvor: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434 Linux kernel 5.6 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b WireGuard \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u2014 lucas huffman \u2014 Unsplash \u0414\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 VPN-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0414\u044d\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u041c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440 (David Miller), \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 Linux, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 WireGuard. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u2014 VPN-\u0442\u0443\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0411-\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Edge Security. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":74854,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Linux kernel 5.6 \u2014 \u0161to o\u010dekivati u novoj verziji kernela | ProHoster","description":"Izdanje Linux kernela 5.6 planirano je za kraj 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