{"id":78969,"date":"2020-04-23T13:42:02","date_gmt":"2020-04-23T11:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-servernoj-javascript-platformy-node-js-14-0"},"modified":"2020-04-23T13:42:02","modified_gmt":"2020-04-23T11:42:02","slug":"vypusk-servernoj-javascript-platformy-node-js-14-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/vypusk-servernoj-javascript-platformy-node-js-14-0","title":{"rendered":"Izdanje poslu\u017eiteljske JavaScript platforme Node.js 14.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/en\/blog\/release\/v14.0.0\/\">Odr\u017eano<\/a><\/noindex> izdanje <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\">Node.js 14.0<\/a><\/noindex>, platforme za izvo\u0111enje mre\u017enih aplikacija na jeziku JavaScript. Node.js 14.0 pripada granama s dugoro\u010dnom podr\u0161kom, no ovaj status \u0107e biti dodijeljen tek u listopadu, nakon stabilizacije. Podr\u0161ka za Node.js 14.0 bit \u0107e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/Release\">provo\u0111ena<\/a><\/noindex> do travnja 2023. godine. Odr\u017eavanje pro\u0161le LTS grane Node.js 12.0 trajat \u0107e do travnja 2022. godine, a pretpro\u0161le LTS grane 10.0 do travnja 2021. godine. Podr\u0161ka za me\u0111ugranu 13.x zavr\u0161ava u lipnju ove godine.<\/p>\n<p>Glavne <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@nodejs\/node-js-version-14-available-now-8170d384567e\">pobolj\u0161anja<\/a><\/noindex>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Stabilizirana je mogu\u0107nost generiranja na let ili pri pojavljivanju odre\u0111enih doga\u0111aja <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-node-js-collection\/easily-identify-problems-in-node-js-applications-with-diagnostic-report-dc82370d8029\">dijagnosti\u010dkih izvje\u0161taja<\/a><\/noindex>, u kojima se odra\u017eavaju doga\u0111aji koji poma\u017eu u dijagnostici problema kao \u0161to su padovi, smanjenje performansi, curenje memorije, visoka optere\u0107enja na CPU-u, neo\u010dekivani ispis pogre\u0161aka itd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je eksperimentalna podr\u0161ka za API <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/api\/async_hooks.html#async_hooks_class_asynclocalstorage\">Async Local Storage<\/a><\/noindex> s implementacijom klase AsyncLocalStorage, koja se mo\u017ee koristiti za stvaranje asinkronog stanja s obraditeljima temeljenim na povratnim pozivima i promise-ima. AsyncLocalStorage omogu\u0107ava pohranu podataka tijekom obrade web zahtjeva, nalik lokalnim spremi\u0161tima za pojedine niti (Thread-Local Storage) u drugim jezicima.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uklonjen je ispis upozorenja o eksperimentalnoj mogu\u0107nosti pri u\u010ditavanju <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/node\/blob\/master\/doc\/api\/esm.md\">modula<\/a><\/noindex>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=42450\">ECMAScript 6<\/a><\/noindex> povezivanih i izvoznih pomo\u0107u izraza import i export. Pri tome sama implementacija modula ESM i dalje ostaje eksperimentalna.\n<li class=\"l\"> V8 motor je a\u017euriran na verziju <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/v8.dev\/\">8.1<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52000\">1<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52565\">2<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52312\">3<\/a><\/noindex>), u kojoj su unesene nove optimizacije performansi i dodane novine poput novog logi\u010dkog operatora spajanja &#171;??&#187; (vra\u0107a desnioperand ako je lijevi operand NULL ili undefined, i obrnuto), operatora &#171;?.&#187; za jedinstvenu provjeru cijelog lanca svojstava ili poziva (na primjer &#171;db?.user?.name?.length&#187; bez prethodnih provjera), metode Intl.DisplayName za dobivanje lokaliziranih imena itd.\n<li class=\"l\"> Provedena je revizija API Streams, usmjerena na pobolj\u0161anje dosljednosti API su\u010delja Streams i uklanjanje razlika u pona\u0161anju osnovnih dijelova Node.js. Na primjer, pona\u0161anje http.OutgoingMessage pribli\u017eeno je stream.Writable, dok je net.Socket prilago\u0111en stream.Duplex. Opcija autoDestroy po zadanim postavkama je postavljena na &#171;true&#187;, \u0161to podrazumijeva poziv &#171;_destroy&#187; nakon zavr\u0161etka.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dodana je eksperimentalna podr\u0161ka za API <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/nodejs.org\/api\/wasi.html\">WASI<\/a><\/noindex> (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50406\">WebAssembly System Interface<\/a><\/noindex>), koji pru\u017ea programske su\u010delja za izravnu interakciju s operacijskim sustavom (POSIX API za rad s datotekama, socketima itd.).\n<li class=\"l\"> Pove\u0107ani zahtjevi za <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/node\/blob\/v12.x\/BUILDING.md#platform-list\">minimalnim verzijama<\/a><\/noindex> kompajlera i platformi: macOS 10.13 (High Sierra), GCC 6,  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/nodejs\/node\/pull\/31954\">Windows noviji od 7\/2008R2<\/a><\/noindex>.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Podsje\u0107amo, platforma Node.js mo\u017ee se koristiti kako za poslu\u017eiteljsko odr\u017eavanje rada web-aplikacija, tako i za razvijanje obi\u010dnih klijentskih i poslu\u017eiteljskih mre\u017enih programa. Za pro\u0161irenje funkcionalnosti aplikacija za Node.js pripremljena je velika <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.npmjs.com\/\">kolekcija modula<\/a><\/noindex>, u kojoj se mogu prona\u0107i moduli s implementacijom poslu\u017eitelja i klijenata HTTP, SMTP, XMPP, DNS, FTP, IMAP, POP3, moduli za integraciju s razli\u010ditim web-frameworkovima, obrada WebSocket i Ajax, konektori za SBDS (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MongoDB), predlo\u0161ka, CSS-motori, implementacije kriptoalgoritama i sustava autorizacije (OAuth), XML-parseri.<\/p>\n<p> Za osiguranje obrade velikog broja paralelnih zahtjeva, Node.js koristi asinhroni model izvo\u0111enja koda, temeljen na obradi doga\u0111aja u neblokiraju\u0107em na\u010dinu i definiranju callback-handlera. Kao metode multiplikacije veza podr\u017eani su takvi na\u010dini kao epoll, kqueue, \/dev\/poll i select. Za multiplikaciju veza koristi se biblioteka <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/libuv\/libuv\">libuv<\/a><\/noindex>, koja je nadogradnja na <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/software.schmorp.de\/pkg\/libev.html\">libev<\/a><\/noindex> u Unix sustavima i na IOCP u Windowsu. Za stvaranje bazena niti (thread pool) koristi se biblioteka <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/software.schmorp.de\/pkg\/libeio.html\">libeio<\/a><\/noindex>, za izvo\u0111enje DNS-zahtjeva u neblokiraju\u0107em na\u010dinu integriran je <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/c-ares.haxx.se\/\">c-ares<\/a><\/noindex>. Svi sistemski pozivi koji uzrokuju blokadu izvr\u0161avaju se unutar bazena niti, a zatim, poput rukovatelja signala, vra\u0107aju rezultat svog rada kroz anonimni kanal (pipe). Izvr\u0161enje JavaScript koda osigurava se kori\u0161tenjem motora koji je razvio Google <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/code.google.com\/p\/v8\/\">V8<\/a><\/noindex> (dodatno, Microsoft razvija varijantu Node.js s motorom Chakra-Core).  <\/p>\n<p>Po svojoj su\u0161tini, Node.js nalikuje frameworkima <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/search.cpan.org\/dist\/AnyEvent\/\">Perl AnyEvent<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/eventmachine\/eventmachine\">Ruby Event Machine<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/twistedmatrix.com\/\">Python Twisted<\/a><\/noindex> i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/wiki.tcl.tk\/1527\">implementacija<\/a><\/noindex> doga\u0111aja u Tcl-u, ali je ciklus obrade doga\u0111aja (event loop) u Node.js skriven od programera i podsje\u0107a na obradu doga\u0111aja u web-aplikaciji koja radi u pregledniku. Prilikom pisanja aplikacija za node.js potrebno je uzeti u obzir specifi\u010dnosti programiranja usmjerenog na doga\u0111aje, na primjer, umjesto izvr\u0161avanja &#171;var result = db.query(&#171;select..&#187;);&#187; s \u010dekanjem na zavr\u0161etak i naknadnom obradom rezultata, u Node.js se koristi princip asinkronog izvo\u0111enja, tj. kod se transformira u &#171;db.query(&#171;select..&#187;, function (result) {obrada rezultata});&#187;, pri \u010demu se kontrola odmah prebacuje na daljnji kod, a rezultat upita obra\u0111uje po primitku podataka. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Izvor: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52786\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Node.js 14.0, \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 JavaScript. Node.js 14.0 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0441 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 Node.js 14.0 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2023 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Node.js 12.0 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0439 LTS-\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 10.0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f 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