{"id":80342,"date":"2020-05-05T07:42:07","date_gmt":"2020-05-05T05:42:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dlya-yadra-linux-razvivaetsya-sistema-raspredelyonnogo-vypolneniya-potokov-popcorn"},"modified":"2020-05-05T07:42:07","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T05:42:07","slug":"dlya-yadra-linux-razvivaetsya-sistema-raspredelyonnogo-vypolneniya-potokov-popcorn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/dlya-yadra-linux-razvivaetsya-sistema-raspredelyonnogo-vypolneniya-potokov-popcorn","title":{"rendered":"Za Linux jezgru se razvija sustav distribuiranog izvr\u0161avanja tokova Popcorn.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Politehni\u010dki univerzitet Virginije predlo\u017eio<\/a><\/noindex> za raspravu me\u0111u programerima Linux jezgra o setu zakrpa s implementacijom sustava distribuiranog izvr\u0161avanja niti Popcorn<\/a><\/noindex> (Distribuirano izvr\u0161avanje niti), koji omogu\u0107uje izvo\u0111enje aplikacija na vi\u0161e ra\u010dunala s raspodjelom i transparentnom migracijom niti izme\u0111u hostova. Kori\u0161tenjem Popcorn-a, aplikacije se mogu pokrenuti na jednom hostu, a zatim bez zaustavljanja rada prebaciti na drugi host. U multithreaded programima dopu\u0161tena je migracija pojedinih niti na druge hostove. <\/p>\n

Za razliku od projekta CRIU<\/a><\/noindex>, koji omogu\u0107uje spremanje stanja procesa i nastavak izvr\u0161avanja na drugom sustavu, Popcorn pru\u017ea besprijekornu i dinami\u010dnu migraciju izme\u0111u hostova tijekom izvo\u0111enja aplikacije, ne zahtijevaju\u0107i intervenciju korisnika i osiguravaju\u0107i dosljednost virtualne memorije na svim hostovima na kojima se istovremeno izvr\u0161avaju niti. <\/p>\n

Softverski paket Popcorn se sastoji od zakrpe<\/a><\/noindex> nuklearnih modula Linux-a i biblioteke<\/a><\/noindex> s testovima koji pokazuju kako koristiti sistemske pozive Popcorn za migraciju niti u distribuirano izvr\u0161avanim aplikacijama. Na razini jezgre predlo\u017eena su pro\u0161irenja za pot-sustav virtualne memorije s implementacijom distribuirane zajedni\u010dke memorije (distributed shared memory), koja omogu\u0107uje procesima na razli\u010ditim hostovima pristup zajedni\u010dkom i dosljednom virtualnom adresnom prostoru. Dosljednost stranica virtualne memorije osigurava se pomo\u0107u protokola koji replicira stranice memorije na host kada se na njih poziva za \u010ditanje i poni\u0161tava stranice memorije tijekom pisanja. <\/p>\n

Interakcija izme\u0111u hostova odvija se putem procesora poruka koji radi na razini jezgre, a poruke se prenose preko TCP-soketa. Istaknuto je da se TCP\/IP koristi za pojednostavljenje ispravke i testiranja tijekom razvoja. Programeri su svjesni da s aspekta sigurnosti i performansi TCP\/IP nije najbolji na\u010din prijenosa sadr\u017eaja struktura jezgre i stranica memorije izme\u0111u hostova. Svi hostovi na kojima se izvr\u0161avaju distribuirane aplikacije moraju imati identi\u010dnu razinu povjerenja. Nakon stabilizacije osnovnih algoritama bit \u0107e primijenjen u\u010dinkovitiji oblik prijenosa.<\/p>\n

Popcorn se razvija od 2014. godine kao istra\u017eiva\u010dki projekt za prou\u010davanje mogu\u0107nosti stvaranja distribuiranih aplikacija, \u010diji se tokovi mogu izvr\u0161avati na razli\u010ditim \u010dvorovima u heterogenim<\/a><\/noindex> ra\u010dunskim sustavima, u kojima se mogu kombinirati jezgre na temelju razli\u010ditih arhitektura skupa instrukcija (Xeon\/Xeon-Phi, ARM\/x86, CPU\/GPU\/FPGA). Predlo\u017eeni set zakrpa za programere jezgre Linux podr\u017eava samo izvr\u0161avanje na hostovima s CPU x86, ali postoji i funkcionalnija verzija Popcorn Linux, koja omogu\u0107uje izvr\u0161avanje aplikacija na hostovima s razli\u010ditim arhitekturama CPU (x86 i ARM). Za kori\u0161tenje Popcorna u heterogenim okru\u017eenjima potrebno je koristiti poseban kompajler<\/a><\/noindex> temeljen na LLVM. Prilikom distribuiranog izvr\u0161avanja na hostovima s jednom arhitekturom, ponovna izrada pomo\u0107u drugog kompajlera nije potrebna.<\/p>\n

\"Za<\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n

Osim toga, mo\u017ee se primijetiti najava<\/a><\/noindex> ne\u010dega sli\u010dnog projektu Telefork<\/a><\/noindex> s implementacijom inicijalnog prototipa API-ja za pokretanje podre\u0111enih procesa na drugim ra\u010dunalima u klasteru (poput fork(), ali premje\u0161ta proces na drugo ra\u010dunalo).
\n Kod je napisan na jeziku Rust i trenutno omogu\u0107uje kloniranje samo najjednostavnijih procesa koji ne koriste sistemske resurse, kao \u0161to su datoteke. Prilikom poziva telefork, memorija i povezane strukture procesa kloniraju se na drugi host na kojem je pokrenut serverski obrtnik (telepad). Uz pomo\u0107 ptrace, odra\u017eavanje memorije procesa serijalizira se i zajedno sa stanjem procesa i registrima prenosi na drugi host. API tako\u0111er omogu\u0107uje spremanje stanja procesa u datoteku i njegovo obnavljanje putem te datoteke.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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