{"id":84726,"date":"2020-06-10T13:42:19","date_gmt":"2020-06-10T11:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/mikroyadro-sel4-matematicheski-verificzirovano-dlya-arhitektury-risc-v"},"modified":"2020-06-10T13:42:19","modified_gmt":"2020-06-10T11:42:19","slug":"mikroyadro-sel4-matematicheski-verificzirovano-dlya-arhitektury-risc-v","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/mikroyadro-sel4-matematicheski-verificzirovano-dlya-arhitektury-risc-v","title":{"rendered":"Mikrojezgro seL4 matemati\u010dki je verifikovano za RISC-V arhitekturu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Organizacija RISC-V Foundation javila<\/a><\/noindex> o verifikaciji rada mikrojezgre seL4<\/a><\/noindex> na sustavima s arhitekturom skupa instrukcija RISC-V. Verifikacija se svodi na matemati\u010dko dokazivanje<\/a><\/noindex> pouzdanosti rada seL4, \u0161to ukazuje na potpuno uskla\u0111ivanje s unaprijed definiranim formalnim specifikacijama. Dokazivanje pouzdanosti omogu\u0107uje kori\u0161tenje<\/a><\/noindex> seL4 u kriti\u010dnim sustavima temeljenim na RISC-V RV64 procesorima, koji zahtijevaju pove\u0107anu razinu pouzdanosti i garantiraju odsutnost gre\u0161aka. Programeri softvera koji radi na seL4 jezgru mogu biti potpuno sigurni da u slu\u010daju kvara u jednom dijelu sustava, taj kvar ne\u0107e utjecati na ostatak sustava, posebno na njegove kriti\u010dne dijelove. <\/p>\n

U po\u010detku je mikrojezgra seL4 verifikovana za 32-bitne ARM procesore, a kasnije za 64-bitne x86 procesore. Isti\u010de se da kombinacija otvorene hardverske arhitekture RISC-V s otvorenim mikrojezgro seL4 omogu\u0107ava postizanje novog nivoa sigurnosti, jer hardverske komponente u budu\u0107nosti tako\u0111er mogu biti potpuno verifikovane, \u0161to nije mogu\u0107e posti\u0107i s vlasni\u010dkim hardverskim arhitekturama. <\/p>\n

Tijekom verifikacije seL4 pretpostavlja se da oprema radi onako kako je navedeno i da specifikacija potpuno opisuje pona\u0161anje sustava, ali u praksi oprema nije bez gre\u0161aka, \u0161to dobro pokazuje redovito pojavljivanje problema u mehanizmu spekulative izvr\u0161ne upute. Otvorene hardverske platforme olak\u0161avaju integraciju promjena vezanih uz sigurnost \u2014 na primjer, za blokiranje svih mogu\u0107ih kanala curenja putem sporednih kanala, gdje je daleko u\u010dinkovitije rije\u0161iti probleme hardverski nego tra\u017eiti programske zaobilaznice.<\/p>\n

Podsjetimo da je arhitektura seL4 isti\u010de se<\/a><\/noindex> izdvajanjem dijelova za upravljanje resursima jezgre u prostor korisnika i primjenom istih sredstava kontrole pristupa za te resurse kao i za korisni\u010dke resurse. Mikrojezgore ne pru\u017ea gotove visokorazinske apstrakcije za upravljanje datotekama, procesima, mre\u017enim vezama itd., umjesto toga, ona pru\u017ea samo minimalne mehanizme za upravljanje pristupom fizi\u010dkom adresnom prostoru, prekidima i procesorskim resursima. Visoko-razinske apstrakcije i upravlja\u010dki programi za interakciju s hardverom realiziraju se odvojeno preko mikrojezgre u obliku zadataka koji se izvode na korisni\u010dkoj razini. Pristup takvih zadataka resursima koje mikrojezgore pru\u017ea organizira se kroz definiranje pravila.<\/p>\n

RISC-V omogu\u0107ava otvoreni i fleksibilni sustav ma\u0161inskih instrukcija, koji omogu\u0107uje stvaranje mikroprocesora za razne primjene bez zahtjeva za licencama i bez uvjeta za kori\u0161tenje. RISC-V omogu\u0107ava stvaranje potpuno otvorenih SoC-ova i procesora. Trenutno su na temelju specifikacije RISC-V razli\u010dite tvrtke i zajednice razvijaju razne slobodne licence (BSD, MIT, Apache 2.0). razvija se<\/a><\/noindex> nekoliko desetaka varijanti jezgra mikroprocesora, SoC-ova i ve\u0107 proizvedenih \u010dipova. Podr\u0161ka za RISC-V je prisutna od izdanja Glibc 2.27, binutils 2.30, gcc 7 i jezgre Linux 4.15.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Izvor: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f RISC-V Foundation \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 seL4 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 RISC-V. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0451\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b seL4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0451\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c seL4 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 RISC-V RV64, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0451\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Mikrojezgora seL4 matemati\u010dki je verificirana za 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