{"id":96584,"date":"2020-10-12T19:43:37","date_gmt":"2020-10-12T17:43:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sravnenie-uslug-colocation"},"modified":"2020-10-12T19:43:37","modified_gmt":"2020-10-12T17:43:37","slug":"sravnenie-uslug-colocation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sravnenie-uslug-colocation","title":{"rendered":"Usporedba colocation usluga","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Redovito provodimo istra\u017eivanje tr\u017ei\u0161ta, sastavljamo tablice s cijenama i raznim parametrima za desetke data centara. Razmislili smo da ne bi bilo lo\u0161e podijeliti te podatke. Neki \u0107e mo\u017eda iskoristiti same podatke, dok drugi mogu koristiti strukturu kao osnovu. U tablicama <\/u><\/a><\/noindex>su navedeni podaci od 2016. godine. Me\u0111utim, tablo je bilo malo, pa smo dodali i grafikone i kalkulator tarifa za hosting servera<\/u><\/a><\/noindex>, uz otvorene podatke iz porezne uprave o prihodima, porezima i zaposlenicima, podatke iz RIPE (status LIR, podmre\u017ee i ukupni broj IPv4) oraz podatke iz ping-admin ljestvice (Uptime i kvarovi).<\/p>\n

Tko se na\u0161ao u uzorku<\/h3>\n

U tablici za rujan 2020. godine na\u0161li su se svi koji su u TOP-20 na Yandexu i Googleu, prisutni su na oglasnim mjestima i imaju cjenovnik na web stranici. Ako tvrtka nije dostupna ili nema cijene na zahtjev, sigurno nije konkurent na otvorenom tr\u017ei\u0161tu. Takva tvrtka mo\u017ee imati dobre narud\u017ebe, primjerice od dr\u017eave, ali to je drugi izvor prihoda; tu mogu biti lideri, ali to nema veze s konkurencijom na tr\u017ei\u0161tu. <\/p>\n

Ako su neki dijelovi cijena zatvoreni, tada se ti podaci ne prikazuju u tom rasponu. Na primjer, ako je navedeno da je u tarifi uklju\u010deno 350 W ili 100 Mbit\/s ili 1 IP adresa, a dalje nema cijena za dodatnu snagu, pro\u0161irenje kanala ili dodatne IPv4 adrese.<\/p>\n

Problemi s oblikovanjem cijena<\/h3>\n

U cijenama usluga colocation klijenata najve\u0107i problem su stvarali skrivene naknade. To je bio ogroman problem u nultim godinama s prometom. Nitko nije znao unaprijed koliki \u0107e mu promet biti i svi su se bojali \u201czalijetanja\u201d. No, \u010duda nema. Cijena od 100 Mbit tada je iznosila oko 50,000 RUR. Sada je gigabit ve\u0107 jeftiniji. Vrijeme prolazi, a oblikovanje cijena i dalje je kod mnogih vrlo nejasno, i na stranicama davatelja usluga nema iscrpnog cjenika. Tarife se formiraju razli\u010dito; uz odre\u0111ene parametre cijena mo\u017ee biti povoljnija kod jednog dobavlja\u010da, dok s pove\u0107anjem parametara postaje profitabilnija kod drugog. <\/p>\n

I, naravno, ne smijemo zaboraviti da cijena nije jedini pokazatelj. Treba gledati i druge parametre, iako ih je te\u017ee usporediti. Ipak, iz nekog razloga, ihor se na\u0161ao u na\u0161oj tablici. Nisam ga htio niti dodavati u bazu. No, kasnije sam pomislio da bi mogao poslu\u017eiti kao negativan primjer, tvrtka s jednim zaposlenikom, 22 tisu\u0107e poreza i 43 tisu\u0107e doprinosa, prili\u010dno je pokazna. A ipak, \u201cljude to zanima.\u201d<\/p>\n

Op\u0107e tendencije i problemi tr\u017ei\u0161ta<\/h3>\n

Na grafikama se vizualno prikazuje op\u0107a tendencija tr\u017ei\u0161ta.<\/p>\n

\"Usporedba<\/p>\n

Prvi grafikon prikazuje ovisnost cijene o snazi uz ostale jednake parametre. Snaga je bolna tema kako za klijente, tako i za data centre. Elektri\u010dna energija jedna je od osnovnih stavki u mjese\u010dnim tro\u0161kovima data centara, a vlada redovito pove\u0107ava tarife. Iako je jeftina elektri\u010dna energija, zapravo to dovodi do proizvodnje, radnih mjesta i poreza. Iako se \u010dini da smo energetska supersila, te\u0161ko je re\u0107i da imamo konkurentne cijene u usporedbi sa zapadnim data centrima.<\/p>\n

S jedne strane, novac se napla\u0107uje za \u2018\u2018zrak\u2019\u2019, jer se obra\u010dunava prema nominalnoj snazi, a ne prema stvarnoj potro\u0161nji. Te\u0161ko je i skupo izra\u010dunati potro\u0161nju pojedinog poslu\u017eitelja, treba staviti mjera\u010d na svaki uti\u010dnicu. S druge strane, poslu\u017eitelj mo\u017ee raditi gotovo punom snagom napajanja. Tako\u0111er, treba uzeti u obzir da se potro\u0161noj snazi poslu\u017eitelja mora dodati 30% za hla\u0111enje, 10% za industrijske UPS-ove, i jo\u0161 10% za svjetlo i uredske potrebe. No, otkrit \u0107u tajnu, u prosjeku jedan poslu\u017eitelj tro\u0161i 100W, jer se na rack dovodi 5kW \u0161to je dovoljno. <\/p>\n

Ve\u0107ina hostera napla\u0107uje snagu. No, na tr\u017ei\u0161tu postoje i oni koji to ne rade. Naravno, uti\u010dnica i dalje ima ograni\u010denje. Nije mogu\u0107e dobiti megavat po cijeni smje\u0161taja jednog jedinice.<\/p>\n

Neki od onih koji ne napla\u0107uju snagu na svojim stranicama imaju napomene da GPU poslu\u017eitelji, blade-ovi i ostali ure\u0111aji imaju posebne tarife.<\/p>\n

\"Usporedba<\/p>\n

Drugi grafikon prikazuje ovisnost cijene o brzini porta. Brzina kanala je jo\u0161 slo\u017eenija tema od elektri\u010dne energije. Elektri\u010dna energija nema koncept kvalitete. Ona mo\u017ee treperiti, ali za to imamo UPS + DGU. No, dva gigabitna kanala mogu biti vrlo, vrlo razli\u010dite kvalitete. Jedan mo\u017ee slati sve u izmjenjiva\u010d, imati lo\u0161u vidljivost, velike latencije, i ograni\u010denja na stranom prometu. Za kanale nema ni UPS-a ni DGU-a za takve situacije. Stoga je uspore\u0111ivanje cijena kanala prakti\u010dki besmisleno. <\/p>\n

Kada smo provodili istra\u017eivanje tr\u017ei\u0161ta o cijeni gigabita u Moskvi, postavljali su nam pitanja: \"A kakav \u0107e biti promet?\", \"A koji su vrhunci?\". <\/p>\n

Na me\u0111operatornoj razini tako\u0111er vlada nered s cijenama. Kanali se vrlo razlikuju po cijeni i kvaliteti.<\/p>\n

Na \u0161to treba obratiti pa\u017enju<\/h3>\n

Treba razumjeti da ne mo\u017ee postojati jedno ispravno mi\u0161ljenje; sve ovisi o zadatku, a \u010dak i u sli\u010dnim zadacima, svatko na kraju odlu\u010duje sam koje rizike prihva\u0107a, a koje ne. <\/p>\n

Po na\u0161em mi\u0161ljenju, certifikacija po Tier III ima zna\u010daj. I to nije samo na\u0161e mi\u0161ljenje, jer se reklame pune s Tier III. Mo\u017eete upisati u Yandex: \"smje\u0161taj servera u data centru\", pritisnuti Ctrl+F i prebrojati koliko se puta pojavljuje rije\u010d Tier. <\/p>\n

No s ovom certifikacijom i pozicioniranjem kao Tier III mnogi su zapali u zamku. Normalan data centar po Tier III je onaj koji ima tri certifikata: za projekt, za mogu\u0107nosti i za eksploataciju, pri \u010demu posljednji treba potvr\u0111ivati svake dvije godine. A mnogi nemaju ni certifikat za projekt. <\/p>\n

Obujmi pokazuju velike i male tvrtke. Srednjih iz nekog razloga nema. Prednosti i mane velikih i malih su jasne. Niz velikih tvrtki, btw, uop\u0107e se ne bavi maloprodajom. Usmjereni su na velike klijente i prodaju uslugu colocation samo putem ormari\u0107a. I to je ispravno. Kada smo bili u BST-u, uvijek su se bunili zbog na\u0161eg marketinga. Pa nisu znali i nisu mogli pru\u017eiti dobru uslugu u maloprodaji. To su razli\u010diti poslovi i razli\u010dite usluge. Ne mo\u017eete zakucavati \u010davle s maljem. S druge strane, dodat \u0107u da, pod jednakim uvjetima, podr\u017eavate mali biznis radi raznolikosti i konkurencije.<\/p>\n

Zaklju\u010dak<\/h3>\n

Nisu svi dodani u bazu. Stoga mo\u017eete slati podatke o onima koje treba dodati. No osobe koje \u017eele moraju imati cijene na webu.<\/p>\n

Ako znate jo\u0161 izvora podataka koje bi trebalo dodati, javite, poku\u0161at \u0107emo dodati.<\/p>\n

Izvor: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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