{"id":99904,"date":"2021-04-17T10:22:46","date_gmt":"2021-04-17T08:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vklyuchenie-podderzhki-http-3-v-firefox-namecheno-na-konecz-maya"},"modified":"2021-04-17T10:22:46","modified_gmt":"2021-04-17T08:22:46","slug":"vklyuchenie-podderzhki-http-3-v-firefox-namecheno-na-konecz-maya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/blog\/news\/vklyuchenie-podderzhki-http-3-v-firefox-namecheno-na-konecz-maya","title":{"rendered":"Uklju\u010divanje podr\u0161ke za HTTP\/3 u Firefox planirano je za kraj svibnja","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tvrtka Mozilla najavila je plan za postupno uklju\u010divanje protokola HTTP\/3 i QUIC u izdanju Firefox 88, koje je zakazano za 19. travnja (izvorno, izdanje se o\u010dekivalo 20. travnja, ali, sude\u0107i prema rasporedu, pomaknut je za jedan dan). U po\u010detku \u0107e podr\u0161ka za HTTP\/3 biti omogu\u0107ena samo malom postotku korisnika, a ako ne do\u0111e do nepredvi\u0111enih problema, bit \u0107e dostupna svim korisnicima do kraja svibnja. U no\u0107nim izgradnjama i beta verzijama HTTP\/3 je uklju\u010den prema zadanim postavkama krajem o\u017eujka.    <\/p>\n<p>Podsje\u0107amo da je implementacija HTTP\/3 u Firefoxu temeljena na projektu neqo koji razvija tvrtka Mozilla, a koji pru\u017ea klijentsku implementaciju i <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"poslu\u017eitelja\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3702\">poslu\u017eitelja<\/a> za QUIC protokol. Kod komponenata za podr\u0161ku HTTP\/3 i QUIC napisan je na jeziku Rust. Za upravljanje uklju\u010divanjem HTTP\/3 u about:config predvi\u0111ena je opcija \"network.http.http3.enabled\". U klijentskom softveru eksperimentalna podr\u0161ka za HTTP\/3 tako\u0111er je dodana u Chrome i curl, a za  <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hr\/server\/\"   title=\"poslu\u017eitelja\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1572\">poslu\u017eitelja<\/a> dostupna je u nginx-u, kao i u obliku nginx modula i testnog servera od tvrtke Cloudflare. S obzirom na strane web stranice, podr\u0161ka za HTTP\/3 ve\u0107 je osigurana na serverima Googlea i Facebooka.     <\/p>\n<p>Protokol HTTP\/3 jo\u0161 uvijek je u fazi nacrta specifikacije i nije kona\u010dno standardiziran u IETF-u. Za kori\u0161tenje HTTP\/3 potrebna je podr\u0161ka na strani klijenta i servera za istu verziju nacrtnog standarda QUIC i HTTP\/3, koja se navodi u zaglavlju Alt-Svc (Firefox podr\u017eava nacrte specifikacije od 27 do 32).            <\/p>\n<p>HTTP\/3 definira kori\u0161tenje protokola QUIC kao transporta za HTTP\/2. Protokol QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections) razvija se od 2013. godine od strane tvrtke Google kao alternativa kombinaciji TCP+TLS za Web, koja rje\u0161ava probleme s duljim vremenom uspostave i dogovora veza u TCP-u te uklanja ka\u0161njenja zbog gubitka paketa tijekom prijenosa podataka. QUIC predstavlja nadogradnju na protokol UDP, koja podr\u017eava multipleksiranje vi\u0161e veza i osigurava metode \u0161ifriranja, koje su ekvivalentne TLS\/SSL-u. Tijekom razvoja standarda od strane IETF-a, u protokol su unesene izmjene, \u0161to je dovelo do postojanja dviju paralelno postoje\u0107ih grana, jedne za HTTP\/3 i druge koju podr\u017eava Google (Chrome podr\u017eava obje varijante).    <\/p>\n<p>Glavne zna\u010dajke QUIC-a:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Visoka sigurnost, sli\u010dna TLS-u (u su\u0161tini QUIC pru\u017ea mogu\u0107nost kori\u0161tenja TLS-a preko UDP-a);  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kontrola cjelovitosti toka, koja sprje\u010dava gubitak paketa;    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mogu\u0107nost trenutne uspostave veze (0-RTT, podaci se u pribli\u017eno 75% slu\u010dajeva mogu prenositi odmah nakon slanja paketa za uspostavu veze) i osiguranje minimalnih ka\u0161njenja izme\u0111u slanja zahtjeva i primanja odgovora (RTT, Round Trip Time);    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kori\u0161tenje drugog broja sekvencijalnog paketa prilikom ponovnog slanja, \u0161to omogu\u0107ava izbjegavanje nejasno\u0107a prilikom odre\u0111ivanja primljenih paketa i eliminira vrijeme \u010dekanja;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Gubitak paketa utje\u010de samo na isporuku povezane struje i ne zaustavlja isporuku podataka u paralelno prijenosima kroz trenutno uspostavljene struje;    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Sredstva za ispravak gre\u0161aka, koja minimiziraju ka\u0161njenja uzrokovana ponovnim slanjem izgubljenih paketa. Kori\u0161tenje specijalnih kodova za ispravak gre\u0161aka na razini paketa za smanjenje situacija koje zahtijevaju ponovno slanje podataka izgubljenog paketa.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Granice kriptografskih blokova su poravnate s granicama QUIC paketa, \u0161to smanjuje utjecaj gubitaka paketa na dekodiranje sadr\u017eaja sljede\u0107ih paketa;    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nema problema s blokiranjem TCP reda;    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Podr\u0161ka za identifikator veze, koji omogu\u0107ava smanjenje vremena potrebnog za ponovnu uspostavu veze za mobilne klijente;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mogu\u0107nost povezivanja s pro\u0161irenim mehanizmima kontrole optere\u0107enja veze;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kori\u0161tenje tehnike predvi\u0111anja propusnosti u svakom smjeru za osiguranje optimalne intenziteta slanja paketa, sprje\u010davaju\u0107i povratak u stanje preoptere\u0107enja u kojem se primje\u0107uje gubitak paketa;    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Zna\u010dajan porast performansi i propusnosti u odnosu na TCP. Za videusluge poput YouTubea, primjena QUIC-a pokazala je smanjenje ponovnog buferiranja prilikom gledanja videa za 30%.          <\/li>\n<p>Izvor: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=54979\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Mozilla \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 HTTP\/3 \u0438 QUIC \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 Firefox 88, \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 19 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f (\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f 20 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u043d\u043e, \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0441\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c). \u0412\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 HTTP\/3 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0435\u0442 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