A GitHub bejelentette, hogy k\u00e9t incidens t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt az NPM csomagrepository-infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1ban. November 2-\u00e1n k\u00fcls\u0151 biztons\u00e1gi kutat\u00f3k (Kajetan Grzybowski \u00e9s Maciej Piechota) a Bug Bounty program keret\u00e9ben t\u00e1j\u00e9koztatt\u00e1k az NPM repository-j\u00e1ban egy sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gr\u0151l, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette, hogy b\u00e1rki k\u00f6zz\u00e9tegyen egy \u00faj verzi\u00f3t b\u00e1rmely csomagr\u00f3l a saj\u00e1t, nem jogosult fi\u00f3kj\u00e1val. <\/p>\n
A sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a mikroszervizek k\u00f3dj\u00e1nak nem megfelel\u0151 jogosults\u00e1gellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9b\u0151l ad\u00f3dott, amelyek az NPM-h\u00f6z \u00e9rkez\u0151 k\u00e9r\u00e9seket kezelik. Az enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9si szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s a csomagokhoz val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st a k\u00e9r\u00e9sben \u00e1tadott adatok alapj\u00e1n ellen\u0151rizte, de egy m\u00e1sik szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s, amely az friss\u00edt\u00e9st t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte fel a repository-ba, a k\u00f6zz\u00e9tenni k\u00edv\u00e1nt csomagot a felt\u00f6lt\u00f6tt csomag metadatumaiban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 alapj\u00e1n hat\u00e1rozta meg. \u00cdgy a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 k\u00e9rheti friss\u00edt\u00e9s k\u00f6zz\u00e9t\u00e9tel\u00e9t a saj\u00e1t csomagj\u00e1hoz, amelyhez hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9se van, de megadhat egy m\u00e1sik csomag inform\u00e1ci\u00f3it a csomagban, amely v\u00e9g\u00fcl friss\u00edtve lenne. <\/p>\n
A probl\u00e9m\u00e1t 6 \u00f3r\u00e1val azut\u00e1n orvosolt\u00e1k, hogy inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9rkezett a sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gr\u0151l, de a sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g hosszabb ideig fenn\u00e1llt az NPM-ben, mint ahogy a telemetriai napl\u00f3k lefedik. A GitHub \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa szerint szeptembere \u00f3ta nem \u00e9szleltek nyomokat a sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9ggel v\u00e9grehajtott t\u00e1mad\u00e1sokr\u00f3l, de nincs garancia arra, hogy a probl\u00e9ma kor\u00e1bban nem lett kihaszn\u00e1lva. <\/p>\n
A m\u00e1sodik incidens okt\u00f3ber 26-\u00e1n t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt. A replicate.npmjs.com szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s adatb\u00e1zis\u00e1nak technikai munk\u00e1i sor\u00e1n kider\u00fclt, hogy a k\u00edv\u00fclr\u0151l el\u00e9rhet\u0151 adatb\u00e1zisban bizalmas adatok voltak, melyek bels\u0151 csomagok neveit felfedt\u00e9k, amelyeket a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1snapl\u00f3 eml\u00edtett. Az ilyen nevek inform\u00e1ci\u00f3i a bels\u0151 projektek f\u00fcgg\u0151s\u00e9geivel t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 t\u00e1mad\u00e1sokhoz haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k (febru\u00e1rban egy ilyen t\u00e1mad\u00e1s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette a k\u00f3d v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t a PayPal, Microsoft, Apple, Netflix, Uber \u00e9s tov\u00e1bbi 30 c\u00e9g sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra). szervereken<\/a> PayPal, Microsoft, Apple, Netflix, Uber \u00e9s m\u00e9g 30 m\u00e1sik c\u00e9g. <\/p>\n Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1, a jelent\u0151s sz\u00e1m\u00fa nagy projektek repozit\u00f3riumainak megszerz\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s a fejleszt\u0151i fi\u00f3kok kompromitt\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl terjed\u0151 rosszindulat\u00fa k\u00f3dok miatt a GitHub \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6tt, hogy k\u00f6telez\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a k\u00e9tfaktoros azonos\u00edt\u00e1st. A v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s 2022 els\u0151 negyed\u00e9v\u00e9ben l\u00e9p \u00e9letbe, \u00e9s a legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bbek list\u00e1j\u00e1n szerepl\u0151 csomagok karbantart\u00f3ira \u00e9s adminisztr\u00e1toraira vonatkozik. Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 a h\u00edrek szerint az infrastrukt\u00fara moderniz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra ker\u00fclt sor, amelyben automatiz\u00e1lt megfigyel\u00e9st \u00e9s \u00faj csomagok v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sainak elemz\u00e9s\u00e9t vezetik be a rosszindulat\u00fa v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok korai \u00e9szlel\u00e9s\u00e9re. <\/p>\n Eml\u00e9keztet\u0151\u00fcl, a 2020-ban v\u00e9gzett kutat\u00e1s szerint csup\u00e1n 9,27% a csomagkarbantart\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00fcl haszn\u00e1l k\u00e9tt\u00e9nyez\u0151s hiteles\u00edt\u00e9st a hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s v\u00e9delm\u00e9re, m\u00edg az \u00faj fi\u00f3kok regisztr\u00e1l\u00e1sakor az esetek 13,37%-\u00e1ban a fejleszt\u0151k megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lt\u00e1k \u00fajra felhaszn\u00e1lni a kompromit\u00e1lt jelszavakat, amelyek ismert jelsz\u00f3leakokban szerepelnek. A haszn\u00e1lt jelszavak megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1nak ellen\u0151rz\u00e9se sor\u00e1n 12% fi\u00f3khoz siker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st nyerni az NPM-ben (a csomagok 13%-a) kisz\u00e1m\u00edthat\u00f3 \u00e9s trivi\u00e1lis jelszavak, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a \"123456\" haszn\u00e1lata miatt. Probl\u00e9m\u00e1snak bizonyult 4 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i fi\u00f3k a 20 legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb csomagb\u00f3l, 13 fi\u00f3k a havi 50 milli\u00f3 let\u00f6lt\u00e9s feletti csomagok k\u00f6z\u00fcl, 40 a havi 10 milli\u00f3 let\u00f6lt\u00e9s feletti csomagok k\u00f6z\u00fcl, \u00e9s 282 a havi 1 milli\u00f3 let\u00f6lt\u00e9s feletti csomagok k\u00f6z\u00fcl. Figyelembe v\u00e9ve a modulok l\u00e1ncolatos bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9t, a megb\u00edzhatatlan fi\u00f3kok kompromitt\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00f6sszess\u00e9g\u00e9ben ak\u00e1r az NPM \u00f6sszes modulj\u00e1nak 52%-\u00e1t is \u00e9rintheti. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f GitHub \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 NPM. 2 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (Kajetan Grzybowski \u0438 Maciej Piechota) \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b Bug Bounty \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 NPM \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette b\u00e1rmilyen csomag friss\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9nek kiad\u00e1s\u00e1t 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Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"