{"id":102596,"date":"2021-12-12T21:36:49","date_gmt":"2021-12-12T19:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-operaczionnoj-sistemy-toaruos-2-0"},"modified":"2021-12-12T21:36:49","modified_gmt":"2021-12-12T19:36:52","slug":"vypusk-operaczionnoj-sistemy-toaruos-2-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-operaczionnoj-sistemy-toaruos-2-0","title":{"rendered":"A ToaruOS 2.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Megjelent a Unix-szer\u0171 ToaruOS 2.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer, amelyet a null\u00e1r\u00f3l \u00edrtak \u00e9s saj\u00e1t kernelj\u00e9vel, bootol\u00f3val, szabv\u00e1nyos C k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rral, csomagkezel\u0151vel, felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rbeli komponensekkel \u00e9s \u00f6sszetett ablakkezel\u0151 grafikus fel\u00fclettel \u00e9rkezik. A projekt k\u00f3dja C nyelven k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00e9s BSD licenc alatt terjesztik. Let\u00f6lt\u00e9sre k\u00e9szen \u00e1ll egy 14,4 MB-os live image, amelyet QEMU, VMware vagy VirtualBox k\u00f6rnyezetben lehet tesztelni.    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A ToaruOS 2.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/82f443afc52a2a68e14cf7ad812ca068.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>A projekt 2010-ben indult az Illinois-i Egyetemen, \u00e9s kezdetben \u00faj \u00f6sszetett grafikus fel\u00fcletek fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9re ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 kutat\u00e1si munkak\u00e9nt fejl\u0151d\u00f6tt. 2012 \u00f3ta a fejleszt\u00e9s ToaruOS oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerk\u00e9nt alakult, melyet a fejleszt\u00e9s ir\u00e1nt \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u0151 k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g t\u00e1mogat. A jelenlegi verzi\u00f3 olyan \u00f6sszetett ablakkezel\u0151t tartalmaz, amely t\u00e1mogatja a dinamikusan linkelhet\u0151 ELF form\u00e1tum\u00fa futtathat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlokat, a t\u00f6bbfeladatos m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9st, a grafikus verem alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1t, Python 3 \u00e9s GCC futtat\u00e1s\u00e1t.       <\/p>\n<p>A ToaruOS alapja egy olyan kernel, amely hibrid modul\u00e1ris architekt\u00far\u00e1t haszn\u00e1l, \u00f6tv\u00f6zve a monolitikus alapot a bet\u00f6lthet\u0151 modulok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1hoz. A legt\u00f6bb megl\u00e9v\u0151 eszk\u00f6zmeghajt\u00f3, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a lemezmeghajt\u00f3k (PATA \u00e9s ATAPI), az EXT2 \u00e9s ISO9660 f\u00e1jlrendszerek, framebuffer, billenty\u0171zetek, egerek, h\u00e1l\u00f3zati k\u00e1rty\u00e1k (AMD PCnet FAST, Realtek RTL8139 \u00e9s Intel PRO\/1000), hangchipek (Intel AC'97), valamint a VirtualBox kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151k vend\u00e9g rendszerekhez ilyen form\u00e1ban val\u00f3sulnak meg. A kernel t\u00e1mogatja az Unix-sz\u00e1lakat, TTY-t, virtu\u00e1lis f\u00e1jlrendszert, a pszeudo-f\u00e1jlrendszert \/proc, p\u00e1rhuzamos feldolgoz\u00e1st, IPC-t, ramdisket, ptrace-t, megosztott mem\u00f3ri\u00e1t, multitaskingot \u00e9s egy\u00e9b tipikus funkci\u00f3kat.     <\/p>\n<p>F\u00e1jlrendszerk\u00e9nt az ext2 haszn\u00e1latos. A bootol\u00f3 BIOS \u00e9s EFI t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st ny\u00fajt. A h\u00e1l\u00f3zati verem lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a BSD-rendszerekhez hasonl\u00f3 socket API haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t, \u00e9s t\u00e1mogatja a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9szeket, bele\u00e9rtve a loopback-et is. A ToaruOS-hoz portolt szoftverek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szerepel a Vim, GCC, Binutils, FreeType, MuPDF, SDL, Cairo, Doom, Quake, Super Nintendo emul\u00e1tor, Bochs stb. A saj\u00e1t alkalmaz\u00e1sok k\u00f6z\u00fcl kiemelkedik a Vi-hez hasonl\u00f3 Bim k\u00f3dszerkeszt\u0151, amelyet az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vekben a ToaruOS-specifikus alkalmaz\u00e1sok, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul f\u00e1jlkezel\u0151, termin\u00e1lemul\u00e1tor, grafikai panelekkel rendelkez\u0151 widget-t\u00e1mogat\u00e1ssal ell\u00e1tott fel\u00fclet, csomagkezel\u0151, valamint k\u00e9pk\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rak (PNG, JPEG) \u00e9s TrueType bet\u0171k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lnak.      <\/p>\n<p>A projekt keretein bel\u00fcl kifejleszt\u00e9sre ker\u00fcl a Kuroko nev\u0171 dinamikus programoz\u00e1si nyelv, amely a Python helyettes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l a seg\u00e9dprogramok \u00e9s felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i alkalmaz\u00e1sok fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9ben. A nyelv szintaktik\u00e1j\u00e1ban hasonl\u00edt a Pythonra (r\u00f6vid\u00edtett Python dialektusk\u00e9nt van pozicion\u00e1lva, amely vil\u00e1gosan defini\u00e1lja a v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3kat) \u00e9s nagyon kompakt megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s jellemzi. T\u00e1mogatott a bytecode ford\u00edtv\u00e1ny \u00e9s \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s. A bytecode \u00e9rtelmez\u0151 hullad\u00e9kgy\u0171jt\u0151t k\u00edn\u00e1l, \u00e9s multithreadinget t\u00e1mogat glob\u00e1lis z\u00e1r n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. A ford\u00edt\u00f3 \u00e9s az \u00e9rtelmez\u0151 egy kis megosztott k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r form\u00e1j\u00e1ban (~500 KB) \u00e1ll\u00edthat\u00f3 \u00f6ssze, amely integr\u00e1lhat\u00f3 m\u00e1s programokkal, \u00e9s C API-n kereszt\u00fcl b\u0151v\u00edthet\u0151. A ToaruOS mellett a nyelv haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 Linuxon, macOS-en, Windows-on, \u00e9s elind\u00edthat\u00f3 olyan b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151kben, amelyek t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k a WebAssembly-t.    <\/p>\n<p>A ToaruOS \u00faj verzi\u00f3j\u00e1ban:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A Misaka kernelhez \u00faj funkci\u00f3k ker\u00fcltek hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i seg\u00e9dprogramok, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul top, strace, dbg, ping \u00e9s cpuwidget megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t.\n<li class=\"l\"> A grafikus k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r funkcionalit\u00e1sa kib\u0151v\u00fclt, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt affinit\u00e1s-transzform\u00e1ci\u00f3kkal b\u0151v\u00fclt.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jav\u00edtott\u00e1k az ablakkeretrendszer m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott egy raszterez\u0151, amely t\u00e1mogatja a TrueType form\u00e1tumot.\n<li class=\"l\"> Egy c\u00edmk\u00e9s form\u00e1z\u00e1si k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r ker\u00fclt bevezet\u00e9sre.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jav\u00edtott\u00e1k a BIOS bootol\u00f3t, amely b\u0151v\u00edtett t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st ny\u00fajt a hardverkonfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Az EFI bootol\u00f3 is \u00e1t\u00edr\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt. Mindk\u00e9t bootol\u00f3hoz hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a kernel parancssor\u00e1nak szerkeszt\u00e9s\u00e9t t\u00e1mogat\u00f3 lehet\u0151s\u00e9get.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c1tform\u00e1zt\u00e1k a panel megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9t. Az alkalmaz\u00e1sokhoz t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st adtak a felt\u00f6lthet\u0151 k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakhoz, a dinamikus elrendez\u00e9shez \u00e9s az \u00faj felugr\u00f3 ablakokhoz.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c1t\u00edrt\u00e1k a n\u00e9z\u0151t, amely \u00faj sz\u00ednpalett\u00e1kat kapott.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00daj kalkul\u00e1tor implement\u00e1ci\u00f3 ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra.\n<li class=\"l\"> A standard k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rhoz hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k az id\u0151z\u00f3n\u00e1k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k az Ensoniq ES1371 chipk\u00e9szlet meghajt\u00f3j\u00e1t, amelyet a VMware emul\u00e1l.\n<li class=\"l\"> A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 jelent\u0151s 2.1-es kiad\u00e1sban AHCI, xHCI \u00e9s USB HID eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa v\u00e1rhat\u00f3. A 2.2-es \u00e1gon az AArch64 architekt\u00fara t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sa tervezett.    <\/ul>\n<p>    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A ToaruOS 2.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/82fe34e26a2c734383bc459192fb935e.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>  <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A ToaruOS 2.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/f899df771262441345b5d61831603149.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>  <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A ToaruOS 2.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/88e5dffcc2405b049e594a81449aecd5.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56333\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Unix-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b ToaruOS 2.0, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0438-\u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0439, \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 BSD. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d live-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 14.4 \u041c\u0411, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 QEMU, VMware \u0438\u043b\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":102597,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d 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