{"id":104459,"date":"2022-06-21T15:36:41","date_gmt":"2022-06-21T13:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/facebook-predstavil-mehanizm-tmo-pozvolyayushhij-ekonomit-20-32-pamyati-na-serverah"},"modified":"2022-06-21T15:36:41","modified_gmt":"2022-06-21T13:36:42","slug":"facebook-predstavil-mehanizm-tmo-pozvolyayushhij-ekonomit-20-32-pamyati-na-serverah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/facebook-predstavil-mehanizm-tmo-pozvolyayushhij-ekonomit-20-32-pamyati-na-serverah","title":{"rendered":"A Facebook bemutatta a TMO mechanizmust, amely 20-32% mem\u00f3ria megtakar\u00edt\u00e1st tesz lehet\u0151v\u00e9 a szervereken.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A Facebook m\u00e9rn\u00f6kei (Oroszorsz\u00e1gban betiltva) publik\u00e1lt\u00e1k a tavalyi \u00e9vben a TMO (Transparent Memory Offloading) technol\u00f3gia bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 jelent\u00e9st, amely jelent\u0151s mem\u00f3ria megtakar\u00edt\u00e1st tesz lehet\u0151v\u00e9 a szervereken az\u00e1ltal, hogy a munkav\u00e9gz\u00e9shez nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges m\u00e1sodlagos adatokat olcs\u00f3bb t\u00e1rol\u00f3kra helyi \u00e1t\u00edrj\u00e1k, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az NVMe SSD-k. A Facebook becsl\u00e9se szerint a TMO alkalmaz\u00e1sa 20-32%-kal cs\u00f6kkenti a RAM haszn\u00e1latot minden szerveren. A megold\u00e1s olyan infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1kra lett tervezve, ahol az alkalmaz\u00e1sok elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edtett kont\u00e9nerekben m\u0171k\u00f6dnek. A TMO magoldali komponensei m\u00e1r be vannak \u00e9p\u00edtve a Linux kernelbe. <\/p>\n

A Linux kernel magoldali m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t a PSI (Pressure Stall Information) alrendszer biztos\u00edtja, amely a 4.20-as kiad\u00e1st\u00f3l kezd\u0151d\u0151en \u00e9rhet\u0151 el. A PSI m\u00e1r k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 mem\u00f3riahi\u00e1ny kezel\u0151kben haszn\u00e1latos \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 er\u0151forr\u00e1sok (CPU, mem\u00f3ria, bemenet\/kimenet) el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi idej\u00e9nek elemz\u00e9s\u00e9t. A PSI seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rben m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 kezel\u0151k pontosabban felm\u00e9rhetik a rendszer terhelts\u00e9g\u00e9t \u00e9s a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nycs\u00f6kken\u00e9s jelleg\u00e9t, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a probl\u00e9m\u00e1k korai \u00e9szlel\u00e9s\u00e9t, amikor azok m\u00e9g nem befoly\u00e1solj\u00e1k \u00e9rz\u00e9kelhet\u0151en a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt. <\/p>\n

A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rben a TMO m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t a Senpai komponens biztos\u00edtja, amely a cgroup2 r\u00e9v\u00e9n dinamikusan m\u00f3dos\u00edtja a mem\u00f3ria korl\u00e1tot az alkalmaz\u00e1s kont\u00e9nerek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a PSI-b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 adatok alapj\u00e1n. A Senpai elemzi a mem\u00f3riaforr\u00e1sok hi\u00e1ny\u00e1nak jeleit PSI-n kereszt\u00fcl, felm\u00e9ri az alkalmaz\u00e1sok \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9t a mem\u00f3riahozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s lelassul\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lja meghat\u00e1rozni a kont\u00e9ner sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges minim\u00e1lis mem\u00f3ria m\u00e9retet, amelyn\u00e9l a munkav\u00e9gz\u00e9shez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges adatok a RAM-ban maradnak, m\u00edg a f\u00e1jlcache-be rak\u00f3dott vagy jelenleg k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl nem haszn\u00e1lt kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151 adatok a swap ter\u00fcletre ker\u00fclnek.

\"A<\/center> <\/p>\n

A TMO l\u00e9nyege teh\u00e1t abban rejlik, hogy a memoriafogyaszt\u00e1s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l szigor\u00fa di\u00e9t\u00e1ra fogja a folyamatokat, k\u00e9nyszer\u00edtve a nem haszn\u00e1lt mem\u00f3riaoldalak swap ter\u00fcletre val\u00f3 \u00e1thelyez\u00e9s\u00e9t, amelynek elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1sa nem befoly\u00e1solja jelent\u0151sen a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a k\u00f3d olyan oldalait, amelyeket csak inicializ\u00e1l\u00e1skor haszn\u00e1lnak, \u00e9s az egyszeri haszn\u00e1lat\u00fa adatokat a lemezes cache-ben). A swap ter\u00fcletre val\u00f3 \u00e1thelyez\u00e9s a mem\u00f3riahi\u00e1nyra adott v\u00e1lasz helyett a TMO eset\u00e9ben el\u0151rejelz\u00e9sek alapj\u00e1n t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik. <\/p>\n

Az elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s egyik krit\u00e9riuma az, hogy az eml\u00e9kezetoldalt 5 percig nem \u00e9rintett\u00e9k. Az ilyen oldalakat hideg mem\u00f3riaoldalaknak (cold memory page) nevezik, \u00e9s \u00e1tlagosan az alkalmaz\u00e1sok k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 35%-\u00e1t teszik ki (az alkalmaz\u00e1sok t\u00edpus\u00e1t\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u0151en 19% \u00e9s 65% k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e1ltozik). Az elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1skor figyelembe veszik az anonim mem\u00f3riaoldalakkal (az alkalmaz\u00e1s \u00e1ltal lefoglalt mem\u00f3ria) \u00e9s a f\u00e1jlok cache-el\u00e9s\u00e9vel (a kernel \u00e1ltal lefoglalt mem\u00f3ria) kapcsolatos aktivit\u00e1st. Egyes alkalmaz\u00e1sokn\u00e1l a f\u0151 mem\u00f3riafogyaszt\u00e1s az anonim mem\u00f3ri\u00e1hoz kapcsol\u00f3dik, m\u00edg m\u00e1sokn\u00e1l a f\u00e1jlok cache-el\u00e9se is jelent\u0151s. Annak \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, hogy elker\u00fclj\u00fck a diszkrepanci\u00e1t a cache-be val\u00f3 elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s sor\u00e1n, a TMO \u00faj swap algoritmust alkalmaz, amely az anonim oldalakat \u00e9s a f\u00e1jlcache-hez kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 oldalakat ar\u00e1nyosan t\u00e1vol\u00edt el. <\/p>\n

A ritk\u00e1n haszn\u00e1lt oldalak lassabb mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ba val\u00f3 \u00e1thelyez\u00e9se nem befoly\u00e1solja jelent\u0151sen a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt, de jelent\u0151sen cs\u00f6kkenti a hardver k\u00f6lts\u00e9geket. Az adatok SSD meghajt\u00f3kra vagy t\u00f6m\u00f6r\u00edtett swap ter\u00fcletekre ker\u00fclnek a RAM-ban. Az adatok byte-onk\u00e9nti t\u00e1rol\u00e1si k\u00f6lts\u00e9ge szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l az NVMe SSD haszn\u00e1lata ak\u00e1r 10-szer olcs\u00f3bb, mint a RAM-ben val\u00f3 t\u00f6m\u00f6r\u00edt\u00e9s.

\"A<\/center>
\n
Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Facebook (\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u0424) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 TMO (Transparent Memory Offloading), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0448\u0451\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a NVMe SSD-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u043e \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 Facebook, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 TMO \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 20 \u0434\u043e 32% […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":104460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47A Facebook bemutatta a TMO mechanizmust, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a mem\u00f3riak\u00f6lts\u00e9gek 20-32%-os cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9t a szervereken | ProHoster","description":"A Facebook (Oroszorsz\u00e1gban betiltott) m\u00e9rn\u00f6kei tavaly k\u00f6zz\u00e9tett\u00e9k a TMO (Transparent Memory Offloading) technol\u00f3gia bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 jelent\u00e9s\u00fcket, amely jelent\u0151sen cs\u00f6kkenti a mem\u00f3riak\u00f6lts\u00e9geket a szervereken.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/facebook-predstavil-mehanizm-tmo-pozvolyayushhij-ekonomit-20-32-pamyati-na-serverah","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hu_HU","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Facebook \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c TMO, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c 20-32% \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0418\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Facebook (\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0420\u0424) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 TMO (Transparent Memory Offloading), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/facebook-predstavil-mehanizm-tmo-pozvolyayushhij-ekonomit-20-32-pamyati-na-serverah","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2022-06-21T13:36:42+00:00","article:modified_time":"2022-06-21T13:36:42+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"104459","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2022-06-21 13:37:49","updated":"2022-10-01 20:35:20","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104459","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104459"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104459\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/104460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}