{"id":104606,"date":"2022-07-06T09:36:42","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T07:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupny-oracle-linux-9-i-yadro-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-7"},"modified":"2022-07-06T09:36:42","modified_gmt":"2022-07-06T07:36:42","slug":"dostupny-oracle-linux-9-i-yadro-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/dostupny-oracle-linux-9-i-yadro-unbreakable-enterprise-kernel-7","title":{"rendered":"El\u00e9rhet\u0151 az Oracle Linux 9 \u00e9s az Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Az Oracle kiadta az Oracle Linux 9 disztrib\u00faci\u00f3 \u00e9s az Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7 (UEK R7) stabil verzi\u00f3it, amelyet alternat\u00edvak\u00e9nt aj\u00e1nlanak az Oracle Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3hoz az alap\u00e9rtelmezett Red Hat Enterprise Linux kernel csomag helyett. Az Oracle Linux 9 disztrib\u00faci\u00f3 a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 csomagjain alapul, \u00e9s teljesen bin\u00e1risan kompatibilis vele.   <\/p>\n<p>Korl\u00e1tlan let\u00f6lt\u00e9sre el\u00e9rhet\u0151ek az x86_64 \u00e9s ARM64 (aarch64) architekt\u00far\u00e1khoz k\u00e9sz\u00fclt, 8,6 GB \u00e9s 840 MB m\u00e9ret\u0171 telep\u00edt\u0151 ISO k\u00e9pek. Az Oracle Linux 9-hez korl\u00e1tlan \u00e9s ingyenes hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s ny\u00edlik a yum-repozit\u00f3riumhoz, amely bin\u00e1ris csomagfriss\u00edt\u00e9seket k\u00edn\u00e1l hibajav\u00edt\u00e1sokkal (errata) \u00e9s biztons\u00e1gi probl\u00e9m\u00e1kkal. K\u00fcl\u00f6n t\u00e1mogatott repozit\u00f3riumok is rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1llnak az Application Stream \u00e9s a CodeReady Builder csomagokhoz.      <\/p>\n<p>Az RHEL disztrib\u00faci\u00f3ban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 kernel csomagon (5.14-es kernel alap\u00fa) k\u00edv\u00fcl az Oracle Linux saj\u00e1t Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7-\u00e9t is k\u00edn\u00e1lja, amely a Linux 5.15-\u00f6s kernelre \u00e9p\u00fcl \u00e9s optimaliz\u00e1lva van az Oracle-ipari szoftverek \u00e9s hardverek haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra. A kernel forr\u00e1sk\u00f3dja, bele\u00e9rtve az egyes jav\u00edt\u00f3csomagokra val\u00f3 bont\u00e1st, el\u00e9rhet\u0151 az Oracle nyilv\u00e1nos Git-repozit\u00f3rium\u00e1ban. Az Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel alap\u00e9rtelmezett telep\u00edt\u00e9ssel \u00e9rkezik, alternat\u00edvak\u00e9nt a RHEL standard kernel csomagja helyett, sz\u00e1mos fejlettebb funkci\u00f3t k\u00edn\u00e1l, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a DTrace integr\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s a Btrfs jobb t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa. A funkcionalit\u00e1s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l az Oracle Linux 9 \u00e9s az RHEL 9 kiad\u00e1sok teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben azonosak (a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok list\u00e1j\u00e1t a RHEL9 bejelent\u00e9s\u00e9ben lehet megn\u00e9zni).    <\/p>\n<p>Az Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7 kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa \u00fajdons\u00e1gai:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Jav\u00edtott a t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s az Aarch64 architekt\u00far\u00e1ra. Az ARM 64 bites rendszereken a mem\u00f3riak\u00e9p m\u00e9rete alap\u00e9rtelmezetten 64 KB-r\u00f3l 4 KB-ra cs\u00f6kkent, ami jobban illeszkedik az ARM-rendszerek tipikus mem\u00f3ria- \u00e9s terhel\u00e9si volumen\u00e9hez.\n<li class=\"l\"> Folytat\u00f3dott a DTrace 2.0 dinamikus hibakeres\u00e9si rendszer sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa, amely \u00e1t\u00e1llt az eBPF kernel alrendszer haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra. A DTrace 2.0 az eBPF-re \u00e9p\u00fcl, ak\u00e1rcsak a Linuxban fut\u00f3 megl\u00e9v\u0151 nyomk\u00f6vet\u0151 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k.\n<li class=\"l\"> A Btrfs funkci\u00f3i kib\u0151v\u00fcltek. A Btrfs-be bevezet\u00e9sre ker\u00fclt az aszinkron DISCARD m\u0171velet, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a m\u00e1r felszabad\u00edtott blokkok jel\u00f6l\u00e9s\u00e9t, amelyeket fizikailag nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges t\u00e1rolni. Az aszinkron megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s nem ig\u00e9nyli a DISCARD befejez\u00e9s\u00e9re val\u00f3 v\u00e1rakoz\u00e1st a t\u00e1rol\u00f3n, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a m\u0171velet h\u00e1tt\u00e9rben t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t. \u00daj csatol\u00e1si lehet\u0151s\u00e9gek ker\u00fcltek hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra az adat-helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s egyszer\u0171s\u00edt\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben s\u00e9r\u00fclt f\u00e1jlrendszer eset\u00e9n: &#171;rescue=ignorebadroots&#187; a s\u00e9r\u00fclt gy\u00f6k\u00e9rf\u00e1k (extent, uuid, data reloc, device, csum, free space) mellett t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 csatol\u00e1sra, &#171;rescue=ignoredatacsums&#187; az adatok ellen\u0151rz\u0151 \u00f6sszegeinek ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9nek kikapcsol\u00e1s\u00e1ra, \u00e9s &#171;rescue=all&#187; a &#8216;ignorebadroots&#8217;, &#8216;ignoredatacsums&#8217; \u00e9s &#8216;nologreplay&#8217; m\u00f3dok egyidej\u0171 enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9s\u00e9re. Jelent\u0151s teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyoptimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sok ker\u00fcltek bevezet\u00e9sre az fsync() m\u0171veletek v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatosan. T\u00e1mogat\u00e1s ker\u00fcl bevezet\u00e9sre az fs-verity sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra (f\u00e1jlok hiteles\u00edt\u00e9se \u00e9s integrit\u00e1s-ellen\u0151rz\u00e9se), valamint a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i azonos\u00edt\u00f3k lek\u00e9pez\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n<li class=\"l\"> Az XFS-ben megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt a DAX m\u0171veletek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a f\u00e1jlrendszer k\u00f6zvetlen el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t a lapk\u00e9szlet megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9vel a dupl\u00e1zott gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00e1s elker\u00fcl\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben. V\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sok ker\u00fcltek bevezet\u00e9sre, amelyek megoldj\u00e1k a 32 bites time_t adat t\u00edpus t\u00falt\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9nek probl\u00e9m\u00e1it 2038-ban, bele\u00e9rtve az \u00faj bigtime \u00e9s inobtcount csatol\u00e1si opci\u00f3kat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Fejleszt\u00e9sek t\u00f6rt\u00e9ntek az OCFS2 (Oracle Cluster File System) f\u00e1jlrendszerben.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva lett a ZoneFS f\u00e1jlrendszer, amely megk\u00f6nny\u00edti az alacsony szint\u0171 munk\u00e1t z\u00f3n\u00e1s t\u00e1rol\u00f3eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kkel. A z\u00f3n\u00e1s t\u00e1rol\u00f3k olyan m\u00e1gneses lemezeket vagy NVMe SSD-ket jelentenek, ahol a t\u00e1rol\u00f3helyet z\u00f3n\u00e1kra osztj\u00e1k, amelyek blokkok vagy szektorok csoportjaib\u00f3l \u00e1llnak, \u00e9s csak sorrendben lehet adatokat hozz\u00e1adni az eg\u00e9sz blokk csoport friss\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel. A ZoneFS \u00f6sszekapcsolja az egyes z\u00f3n\u00e1kat egy adott f\u00e1jllal a t\u00e1rol\u00f3ban, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az adatok nyers m\u00f3d\u00fa t\u00e1rol\u00e1s\u00e1t, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl hogy a szektorszint\u0171 \u00e9s blokk-szint\u0171 manipul\u00e1ci\u00f3kra lenne sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a programok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a f\u00e1jl API haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t a blokkeszk\u00f6zh\u00f6z val\u00f3 k\u00f6zvetlen hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s helyett ioctl seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel.\n<li class=\"l\"> A protokoll t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa stabiliz\u00e1lva lett. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"220\">VPN<\/a> WireGuard.\n<li class=\"l\"> Az eBPF alrendszer k\u00e9pess\u00e9gei kib\u0151v\u00fcltek. Megval\u00f3s\u00edtott\u00e1k a CO-RE (Compile Once &#8212; Run Everywhere) mechanizmust, amely megoldja a leford\u00edtott eBPF programok hordozhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1nak probl\u00e9m\u00e1j\u00e1t, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az eBPF programk\u00f3d egyszeri ford\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, amelyet egy speci\u00e1lis univerz\u00e1lis bet\u00f6lt\u0151 alkalmaz\u00e1s adapt\u00e1l az aktu\u00e1lis kernelhez \u00e9s a BTF (BPF Type Format) t\u00edpusokhoz. Bevezet\u00e9sre ker\u00fclt a &#171;BPF trampoline&#187; mechanizmus, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a kernel \u00e9s a BPF programok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti h\u00edv\u00e1sok \u00e1tvitel\u00e9nek k\u00f6lts\u00e9geinek gyakorlatilag null\u00e1ra cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9t. Lehet\u0151s\u00e9gek biztos\u00edtva vannak a kernel funkci\u00f3ira val\u00f3 k\u00f6zvetlen hivatkoz\u00e1sra BPF programokb\u00f3l, valamint a kezel\u0151 felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n<li class=\"l\"> Integr\u00e1lva lett a r\u00e9szleges z\u00e1rak (&#171;split lock&#187;) \u00e9szlel\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 detektor, amely a mem\u00f3ria nem megfelel\u0151en igaz\u00edtott adataihoz val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9skor l\u00e9p fel, mivel az atomikus utas\u00edt\u00e1s v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n az adatok k\u00e9t CPU cache vonal \u00e1thidal\u00e1sakor zajlik. A kernel k\u00e9pes val\u00f3s id\u0151ben azonos\u00edtani az ilyen z\u00e1rakat, amelyek jelent\u0151s teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nycs\u00f6kken\u00e9st okoznak, \u00e9s figyelmeztet\u00e9seket k\u00fcldeni vagy SIGBUS jelet k\u00fcldeni a blokkol\u00e1si esem\u00e9nyt kiv\u00e1lt\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1snak.\n<li class=\"l\"> Megval\u00f3sult a Multipath TCP (MPTCP) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amely a TCP protokoll kiterjeszt\u00e9se a TCP kapcsolat csomagjainak egyidej\u0171 sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra t\u00f6bb \u00fatvonalon, k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 interf\u00e9szeken kereszt\u00fcl, amelyek elt\u00e9r\u0151ek. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP-c\u00edmek\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4460\">IP-c\u00edmek<\/a>.\n<li class=\"l\"> A feladat\u00fctemez\u0151ben megval\u00f3s\u00edtott\u00e1k a SCHED_CORE \u00fctemez\u00e9si m\u00f3dot, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi annak kezel\u00e9s\u00e9t, hogy mely folyamatok v\u00e9gezhetnek k\u00f6z\u00f6s v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1st egy CPU magon. Minden folyamat sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra egy cookie azonos\u00edt\u00f3 rendelhet\u0151, amely meghat\u00e1rozza a folyamatok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti bizalom ter\u00fclet\u00e9t (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul k\u00f6z\u00f6s felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak vagy kont\u00e9nernek val\u00f3 tartoz\u00e1st). A k\u00f3d v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak szervez\u00e9sekor az \u00fctemez\u0151 biztos\u00edthatja, hogy egy CPU magot csak azonos tulajdonos\u00fa folyamatok osszanak meg, ami a Spectre t\u00edpus\u00fa t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 az\u00e1ltal, hogy megakad\u00e1lyozza a megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 \u00e9s megb\u00edzhatatlan feladatok p\u00e1rhuzamos v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t az SMT (Hyper Threading) sor\u00e1n.\n<li class=\"l\"> A cgroups sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra megval\u00f3s\u00edtott\u00e1k a slab mem\u00f3riaellen\u0151rz\u0151t, amely figyelemre m\u00e9lt\u00f3, hogy a slab nyilv\u00e1ntart\u00e1s\u00e1t a mem\u00f3riaoldalak szintj\u00e9r\u0151l a kernel objektumok szintj\u00e9re helyezi \u00e1t, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a slab-oldalak k\u00f6z\u00f6s haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 cgroupok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, ahelyett, hogy k\u00fcl\u00f6n slab gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1rakat allok\u00e1ln\u00e1nak minden cgroup sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A javasolt megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a slab haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1nak n\u00f6vel\u00e9s\u00e9t, a slab mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ra ford\u00edtott m\u00e9ret 30-45%-os cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9t, a kernel \u00e1ltal felhaszn\u00e1lt mem\u00f3ria \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s a mem\u00f3riafragment\u00e1ci\u00f3 cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9t.\n<li class=\"l\"> Biztos\u00edtott\u00e1k a hibakeres\u00e9si adatok sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t CTF (Compact Type Format) form\u00e1tumban, amely t\u00f6m\u00f6r t\u00e1rol\u00e1st biztos\u00edt a C nyelvek t\u00edpusaival, funkci\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kapcsolatokkal \u00e9s hibakeres\u00e9si szimb\u00f3lumokkal kapcsolatban.\n<li class=\"l\"> Megsz\u00fcntett\u00e9k a DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device) modul \u00e9s a \/dev\/raw eszk\u00f6z sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t (a f\u00e1jlok k\u00f6zvetlen el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9hez az O_DIRECT flag haszn\u00e1lata sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges).      <\/ul>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=57460\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Oracle \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Oracle Linux 9 \u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7 (UEK R7), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 Oracle Linux \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0448\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 Red Hat Enterprise Linux. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 Oracle Linux 9 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0441 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Oracle \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Oracle Linux 9 \u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel 7 (UEK R7), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e 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