{"id":107290,"date":"2023-03-15T12:48:19","date_gmt":"2023-03-15T10:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=107290"},"modified":"2023-03-16T20:30:08","modified_gmt":"2023-03-16T18:30:08","slug":"distributiv-fedora-linux-38-pereshyol-na-stadiyu-beta-testirovaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/distributiv-fedora-linux-38-pereshyol-na-stadiyu-beta-testirovaniya","title":{"rendered":"A Fedora Linux 38 disztrib\u00faci\u00f3 b\u00e9tatesztel\u00e9si szakaszba l\u00e9pett.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Megkezd\u0151d\u00f6tt a Fedora Linux 38 disztrib\u00faci\u00f3 b\u00e9taverzi\u00f3j\u00e1nak tesztel\u00e9se. A b\u00e9takiad\u00e1s a tesztel\u00e9s v\u00e9gs\u0151 szakasz\u00e1ba l\u00e9pett, ahol m\u00e1r csak a kritikus hib\u00e1k jav\u00edt\u00e1sa enged\u00e9lyezett. A kiad\u00e1s \u00e1prilis 18-ra van tervezve. Az \u00faj verzi\u00f3 a Fedora Workstation, Fedora Server, Fedora Silverblue, Fedora IoT, Fedora CoreOS, Fedora Cloud Base \u00e9s az \u00e9l\u0151 kiad\u00e1sokra vonatkozik, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00f6rnyezetekkel ker\u00fclnek forgalomba, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul KDE Plasma 5, Xfce, MATE, Cinnamon, LXDE, Phosh, LXQt, Budgie \u00e9s Sway. Az \u00f6sszes\u00edtett kiad\u00e1sok az x86_64, Power64 \u00e9s ARM64 (AArch64) architekt\u00far\u00e1kra k\u00e9sz\u00fcltek.       <\/p>\n<p>A legfontosabb v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok a Fedora Linux 38-ban:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Megval\u00f3sult a moderniz\u00e1lt boot folyamatra val\u00f3 \u00e1t\u00e1ll\u00e1s els\u0151 f\u00e1zisa, amelyet Lennart Poettering javasolt. A klasszikus ind\u00edt\u00e1st\u00f3l val\u00f3 elt\u00e9r\u00e9s abban rejlik, hogy a helyi rendszer ind\u00edt\u00f3k\u00e9pe helyett a kernel csomag telep\u00edt\u00e9sekor l\u00e9trej\u00f6tt initrd k\u00e9p, egy egys\u00e9ges\u00edtett kernel k\u00e9p (UKI, Unified Kernel Image) haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra ker\u00fcl sor, amelyet a disztrib\u00faci\u00f3 infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1ban gener\u00e1lnak \u00e9s digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1ssal hiteles\u00edtenek. Az UKI egy f\u00e1jlban egyes\u00edti a kernel UEFI-b\u0151l val\u00f3 bet\u00f6lt\u00e9ssel kapcsolatos kezel\u0151j\u00e9t (UEFI boot stub), a Linux kernel k\u00e9p\u00e9t \u00e9s az initrd-t, amely a mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ba t\u00f6lt\u0151dik. Az UKI k\u00e9p UEFI-b\u0151l val\u00f3 megh\u00edv\u00e1sakor lehet\u0151s\u00e9get biztos\u00edt a digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s \u00e1ltali integrit\u00e1s \u00e9s hiteless\u00e9g ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re, nemcsak a kernel, hanem az initrd tartalm\u00e1nak ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re is, mivel ebben a k\u00f6rnyezetben ker\u00fcl sor a gy\u00f6k\u00e9r f\u00e1jlrendszer dek\u00f3dol\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges kulcsok kiemel\u00e9s\u00e9re. Az els\u0151 f\u00e1zisban a boot loaderhez hozz\u00e1adva lett az UKI t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s, a UKI telep\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s friss\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 eszk\u00f6zk\u00e9szlet j\u00f6tt l\u00e9tre, valamint egy k\u00eds\u00e9rleti UKI k\u00e9p sz\u00fcletett, amely a bet\u00f6lt\u00e9sre \u00f6sszpontos\u00edt. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pekhez\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2143\">virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pekhez<\/a> korl\u00e1tozott komponens- \u00e9s illeszt\u0151program-k\u00e9szlettel.\n<li class=\"l\"> Az RPM csomagkezel\u0151ben a kulcsok \u00e9s digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1sok elemz\u00e9s\u00e9hez a Sequoia csomagot haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k, amely az OpenPGP Rust nyelven t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00edn\u00e1lja. Kor\u00e1bban a RPM saj\u00e1t k\u00f3dj\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lta az OpenPGP feldolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra, amelyben megoldatlan probl\u00e9m\u00e1k \u00e9s korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sok mer\u00fcltek fel. Az RPM k\u00f6zvetlen f\u00fcgg\u0151s\u00e9gei k\u00f6z\u00e9 beker\u00fclt a rpm-sequoia csomag, amelyben a kriptogr\u00e1fiai algoritmusok t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa a C nyelven \u00edrt Nettle k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1ron alapul (a j\u00f6v\u0151ben az OpenSSL haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge is tervezett).\n<li class=\"l\"> Megval\u00f3sult a Microdnf \u00faj csomagkezel\u0151 els\u0151 szakasza, amely a jelenleg haszn\u00e1lt DNF v\u00e1ltja fel. A Microdnf eszk\u00f6zk\u00e9szlete jelent\u0151sen friss\u00fclt, \u00e9s most m\u00e1r t\u00e1mogatja a DNF alapvet\u0151 funkci\u00f3it, ugyanakkor magas teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt \u00e9s t\u00f6m\u00f6rs\u00e9get k\u00edn\u00e1l. A Microdnf kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa elt\u00e9r\u00e9se a DNF-t\u0151l, hogy fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9hez a C nyelvet haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k, a Python helyett, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a sz\u00e1mos f\u00fcgg\u0151s\u00e9g elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t. N\u00e9h\u00e1ny egy\u00e9b el\u0151ny a Microdnf eset\u00e9ben: \u00e1tl\u00e1that\u00f3bb folyamatjelz\u0151k v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si m\u0171veletekn\u00e9l; jav\u00edtott tranzakci\u00f3s t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s; lehet\u0151s\u00e9g arra, hogy a teljes\u00edt\u00e9si tranzakci\u00f3k jelent\u00e9seiben a csomagokba be\u00e1gyazott szkriptek (scriplet) adatai megjelenjenek; a helyi RPM-csomagok tranzakci\u00f3khoz val\u00f3 haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa; fejlettebb automatikus kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9si rendszer bash sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra; a builddep parancs v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa Python telep\u00edt\u00e9se n\u00e9lk\u00fcl a rendszerben.\n<li class=\"l\"> A Fedora Workstation asztala friss\u00fclt a GNOME 44 kiad\u00e1sra, amelynek megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9t m\u00e1rcius 22-re v\u00e1rj\u00e1k. A GNOME 44 \u00fajdons\u00e1gai k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szerepel az \u00faj k\u00e9perny\u0151z\u00e1r implement\u00e1ci\u00f3ja \u00e9s a &#171;h\u00e1tt\u00e9ralkalmaz\u00e1sok&#187; szekci\u00f3 a st\u00e1tuszmen\u00fcben.\n<li class=\"l\"> Az Xfce felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00f6rnyezet friss\u00edtve lett a 4.18-as verzi\u00f3ra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Elkezdt\u00e9k az AArch64 architekt\u00far\u00e1hoz k\u00e9sz\u00fclt LXQt felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00f6rnyezettel k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok form\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t.\n<li class=\"l\"> A SDDM kijelentkez\u00e9si menedzserben alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint Wayland interf\u00e9szt haszn\u00e1lnak a bejelentkez\u00e9si folyamathoz. Ez a v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a bejelentkez\u00e9si menedzser Wayland-ra val\u00f3 \u00e1t\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t a KDE asztali k\u00f6rnyezettel k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokban.\n<li class=\"l\"> A KDE asztali k\u00f6rnyezettel k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokb\u00f3l elt\u00e1vol\u00edtott\u00e1k az els\u0151 ind\u00edt\u00e1skor megjelen\u0151 konfigur\u00e1l\u00f3 var\u00e1zsl\u00f3t (Initial Setup), mivel a funkci\u00f3inak nagy r\u00e9sze nem ker\u00fcl felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra a KDE Spin \u00e9s a Kinoite eset\u00e9ben, \u00e9s az alap\u00e9rtelmezett be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok konfigur\u00e1l\u00e1sa az Anaconda telep\u00edt\u0151 \u00e1ltal t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik a telep\u00edt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n.\n<li class=\"l\"> Teljes hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s biztos\u00edtott a Flathub alkalmaz\u00e1skatal\u00f3gushoz (kikapcsolt\u00e1k a nem hivatalos csomagokat, tulajdonosi programokat \u00e9s a korl\u00e1toz\u00f3 licencfelt\u00e9telekkel rendelkez\u0151 alkalmaz\u00e1sokat elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00f3 sz\u0171r\u0151t). Ha a GNOME Software haszn\u00e1latakor ugyanazok a programok flatpak- \u00e9s rpm-csomagban is megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, akkor els\u0151dlegesen a Fedora projekt Flatpak-csomagjai lesznek telep\u00edtve, ezt k\u00f6vetik az RPM-csomagok, majd a Flathub csomagok.\n<li class=\"l\"> Megkezd\u0151d\u00f6tt a Phosh fel\u00fclettel rendelkez\u0151 mobil eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa, amely a GNOME technol\u00f3gi\u00e1kra \u00e9s a GTK k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rra \u00e9p\u00fcl, kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151k\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lva a <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/server\/\"   title=\"szerver\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">szerver<\/a> Phoc-ot, amely a Wayland f\u00f6l\u00f6tt m\u0171k\u00f6dik, valamint a saj\u00e1t k\u00e9perny\u0151billenty\u0171zet\u00e9t, a squeekboard-ot. A k\u00f6rnyezetet eredetileg a Purism fejlesztette ki a Librem 5 okostelefon GNOME Shell-j\u00e9nek anal\u00f3gjak\u00e9nt, de az\u00f3ta a GNOME nem hivatalos projektjei k\u00f6z\u00e9 ker\u00fclt, \u00e9s most a postmarketOS, Mobian \u00e9s n\u00e9h\u00e1ny Pine64 eszk\u00f6z firmware-j\u00e9ben is haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt a Fedora Budgie Spin, amely a Budgie grafikus fel\u00fclettel rendelkezik, ami a GNOME technol\u00f3gi\u00e1kon alapul, a Budgie Window Manager (BWM) ablakkezel\u0151vel \u00e9s a GNOME Shell saj\u00e1t megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val. A Budgie alapja egy panel, amely az asztali panelek klasszikus m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9hez hasonl\u00f3an van szervezve. Minden panelelem applet, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a tartalom rugalmas testreszab\u00e1s\u00e1t, a helyzet\u00e9nek megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s\u00e1t, \u00e9s az alapvet\u0151 elemek megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak cser\u00e9j\u00e9t tetsz\u00e9s szerint.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt a Fedora Sway Spin a Sway felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00f6rnyezettel, amely Wayland protokollra \u00e9p\u00fcl, \u00e9s teljesen kompatibilis az i3 csempe kezel\u0151vel \u00e9s az i3bar panellel. A teljes felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00f6rnyezet kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz k\u00eds\u00e9r\u0151 komponensek is el\u00e9rhet\u0151k: swayidle (h\u00e1tt\u00e9rfolyamat a KDE idle protokoll megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val), swaylock (k\u00e9perny\u0151z\u00e1r), mako (\u00e9rtes\u00edt\u00e9sek kezel\u0151je), grim (k\u00e9perny\u0151k\u00e9pek k\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9se), slurp (k\u00e9perny\u0151ter\u00fclet kijel\u00f6l\u00e9se), wf-recorder (vide\u00f3 r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9s), waybar (alkalmaz\u00e1spanel), virtboard (k\u00e9perny\u0151billenty\u0171zet), wl-clipboard (v\u00e1g\u00f3lap kezel\u00e9se), wallutils (asztali h\u00e1tt\u00e9rkezel\u00e9s).\n<li class=\"l\"> Az Anaconda telep\u00edt\u0151ben a szoftver RAID-ek (BIOS RAID, Firmware RAID, Fake RAID) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a dmraid helyett az mdadm eszk\u00f6zt alkalmazz\u00e1k.\n<li class=\"l\"> Egyszer\u0171s\u00edtett telep\u00edt\u0151 k\u00e9sz\u00fclt az IoT Fedora verzi\u00f3k k\u00e9p\u00e9nek internetes eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kre t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 telep\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez. A telep\u00edt\u0151 a coreos-installer alapjaira \u00e9p\u00fcl, \u00e9s k\u00f6zvetlen m\u00e1sol\u00e1ssal haszn\u00e1lja az OStree k\u00e9sz k\u00e9pet felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i interakci\u00f3 n\u00e9lk\u00fcl.\n<li class=\"l\"> A Live-k\u00e9pek moderniz\u00e1lva lettek, amelyekben megjelent az automatikus adatmeg\u0151rz\u0151 r\u00e9teg aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa USB-meghajt\u00f3r\u00f3l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 ind\u00edt\u00e1skor.\n<li class=\"l\"> Az X-serverben \u00e9s az Xwayland-ben a biztons\u00e1gi probl\u00e9m\u00e1k bek\u00f6vetkez\u00e9se miatt alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint megtiltott\u00e1k a m\u00e1s b\u00e1jtrendi rendszerekb\u0151l \u00e9rkez\u0151 kliensek csatlakoz\u00e1s\u00e1t.\n<li class=\"l\"> A ford\u00edt\u00f3programban alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint akt\u00edvak a &#171;-fno-omit-frame-pointer&#187; \u00e9s &#171;-mno-omit-leaf-frame-pointer&#187; kapcsol\u00f3k, amelyek kib\u0151v\u00edtik a profiloz\u00e1si \u00e9s hibakeres\u00e9si lehet\u0151s\u00e9geket, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nnyel kapcsolatos probl\u00e9m\u00e1k diagnosztiz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy a csomagokat \u00fajra kellene ford\u00edtani.\n<li class=\"l\"> A csomagok \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa biztos\u00edtva van a &#171;_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3&#187; v\u00e9delmi m\u00f3dban, amely meg\u00e1llap\u00edtja a lehets\u00e9ges puffer t\u00falcsordul\u00e1sokat a string.h fejl\u00e9cben defini\u00e1lt karakterl\u00e1nc-funkci\u00f3k v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n. A &#171;_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2&#187; m\u00f3dt\u00f3l val\u00f3 elt\u00e9r\u00e9s tov\u00e1bbi ellen\u0151rz\u00e9sekben rejlik. Elm\u00e9letileg a tov\u00e1bbi ellen\u0151rz\u00e9sek a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9hez vezethetnek, de a SPEC2000 \u00e9s SPEC2017 tesztek a gyakorlatban nem mutattak elt\u00e9r\u00e9seket, \u00e9s a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i tesztel\u00e9s sor\u00e1n sem \u00e9rkezett panasz a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nycs\u00f6kken\u00e9sre.\n<li class=\"l\"> A systemd egys\u00e9gek k\u00e9nyszer\u00edtett le\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak id\u0151z\u00edt\u0151je a le\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s k\u00f6zben 2 percr\u0151l 45 m\u00e1sodpercre cs\u00f6kkent.\n<li class=\"l\"> A Node.js platformcsomagok \u00e1tszervez\u00e9sre ker\u00fcltek. 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