{"id":110431,"date":"2023-10-04T15:10:15","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T13:10:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-firefox-i-cloudflare-vklyuchena-podderzhka-ech-dlya-skrytiya-domena-v-https-trafike"},"modified":"2023-10-04T15:10:15","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T13:10:16","slug":"v-firefox-i-cloudflare-vklyuchena-podderzhka-ech-dlya-skrytiya-domena-v-https-trafike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/v-firefox-i-cloudflare-vklyuchena-podderzhka-ech-dlya-skrytiya-domena-v-https-trafike","title":{"rendered":"A Firefoxban \u00e9s a Cloudflare-ben m\u00e1r el\u00e9rhet\u0151 az ECH t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa a HTTPS-forgalomban l\u00e9v\u0151 domainek elrejt\u00e9s\u00e9re.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A Mozilla bejelentette, hogy a Firefox stabil verzi\u00f3j\u00e1nak felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra aktiv\u00e1lta az ECH (Encrypted Client Hello) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t, amely tov\u00e1bbfejleszti az ESNI (Encrypted Server Name Indication) technol\u00f3gi\u00e1t, \u00e9s c\u00e9lja a TLS munkamenetek param\u00e9tereivel kapcsolatos inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a k\u00e9rt domain n\u00e9v titkos\u00edt\u00e1sa. Az ECH kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 k\u00f3d el\u0151sz\u00f6r a Firefox 85-\u00f6s kiad\u00e1s\u00e1ba ker\u00fclt be, de alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint ki volt kapcsolva. A Chrome-ban fokozatosan kezdt\u00e9k el aktiv\u00e1lni az ECH t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t a Chrome 115-\u00f6s verzi\u00f3j\u00e1t\u00f3l kezd\u0151d\u0151en. <\/p>\n

Mivel a szerverrel<\/a> k\u00e9rt domainekhez kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 adatok DNS-en kereszt\u00fcl sziv\u00e1rognak, a teljes k\u00f6r\u0171 v\u00e9delemhez az ECH mellett a DNS over HTTPS vagy a DNS over TLS technol\u00f3gia alkalmaz\u00e1sa is sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges a DNS forgalom titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A Firefox nem fogja haszn\u00e1lni az ECH-t, am\u00edg a DNS over HTTPS nincs enged\u00e9lyezve a be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokban. Az ECH t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151ben a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 oldalon lehet ellen\u0151rizni. <\/p>\n

Az ECH Firefoxba val\u00f3 alap\u00e9rtelmezett aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak egyik t\u00e9nyez\u0151je a Cloudflare \u00e1ltal a napokban bejelentett ECH t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s a tartalom-eljuttat\u00f3 h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00e1ban. Gyakorlatilag, mivel az ECH haszn\u00e1latakor a k\u00e9rt hostokra vonatkoz\u00f3 adatok rejtve maradnak az elemz\u00e9s el\u0151l, a Cloudflare CDN-t haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 nem k\u00edv\u00e1nt webhelyek kisz\u0171r\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1hoz mostanra sz\u00fcks\u00e9g van a Cloudflare teljes h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00e1nak blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra, az ECH-vel \u00e9rkez\u0151 \u00f6sszes k\u00e9r\u00e9s blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra, vagy HTTPS lehallgat\u00e1s\u00e1nak megszervez\u00e9s\u00e9re hamis gy\u00f6k\u00e9r tan\u00fas\u00edtv\u00e1nyok seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 rendszer\u00e9n. <\/p>\n

Eredetileg az egy IP-c\u00edmen t\u00f6bb HTTPS-webhely m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9nek megszervez\u00e9s\u00e9re a TLS kiterjeszt\u00e9s SNI-t haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k, amelyn\u00e9l a k\u00e9rt host neve a ClientHello \u00fczenetben volt megadva, m\u00e9g a titkos\u00edtott kapcsolat l\u00e9trej\u00f6tte el\u0151tt. Ez a saj\u00e1toss\u00e1g lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette a kapcsolatok korai feldolgoz\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n a k\u00e9r\u00e9sek virtu\u00e1lis hosztok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti eloszt\u00e1s\u00e1t, de ugyanakkor az internet szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette a HTTPS forgalom szelekt\u00edv sz\u0171r\u00e9s\u00e9t, \u00e9s a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 \u00e1ltal megnyitott webhelyek elemz\u00e9s\u00e9t, ami nem tette lehet\u0151v\u00e9 a teljes titkoss\u00e1g el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t HTTPS haszn\u00e1lata mellett. <\/p>\n

A k\u00e9rd\u00e9s megold\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben \u00e9s a k\u00e9rt webhelyre vonatkoz\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k sziv\u00e1rg\u00e1s\u00e1nak elker\u00fcl\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, k\u00e9s\u0151bb javasolt\u00e1k az ESNI kiterjeszt\u00e9st, amely a hosztnevek titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t val\u00f3s\u00edtja meg. Az ESNI bevezet\u00e9se sor\u00e1n kider\u00fclt, hogy a javasolt mechanizmus nem fedi le az \u00f6sszes lehets\u00e9ges inform\u00e1ci\u00f3sziv\u00e1rg\u00e1si forr\u00e1st, \u00e9s alkalmaz\u00e1sa nem elegend\u0151 a HTTPS-munkamenetek teljes titkoss\u00e1g\u00e1nak biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a kor\u00e1bban l\u00e9trehozott munkamenetek meg\u00faj\u00edt\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n a domain n\u00e9v ny\u00edlt form\u00e1ban tov\u00e1bbra is megjelent a TLS-kiterjeszt\u00e9s PSK (Pre-Shared Key) param\u00e9terei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl az ESNI bevezet\u00e9si k\u00eds\u00e9rletei kompatibilit\u00e1si \u00e9s sk\u00e1l\u00e1zhat\u00f3s\u00e1gi probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat t\u00e1rtak fel, amelyek akad\u00e1lyozt\u00e1k az ESNI elterjed\u00e9s\u00e9t. <\/p>\n

Figyelembe v\u00e9ve az ESNI \u00e1ltal kimutatott hi\u00e1nyoss\u00e1gokat, egy \u00faj, univerz\u00e1lis ECH mechanizmust dolgoztak ki, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a TLS-kiterjeszt\u00e9sek b\u00e1rmely param\u00e9ter\u00e9nek titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t. Technikai szempontb\u00f3l az ECH f\u0151 elt\u00e9r\u00e9se az ESNI-t\u0151l abban rejlik, hogy ahelyett, hogy k\u00fcl\u00f6n mez\u0151ket titkos\u00edtan\u00e1nak, az eg\u00e9sz ClientHello \u00fczenetet titkos\u00edtj\u00e1k. Az ECH azt jelenti, hogy a ClientHello-t k\u00e9t k\u00fcl\u00f6n \u00fczenetre osztj\u00e1k: a titkos\u00edtott ClientHelloInner (SNI Inner) \u00fczenetre \u00e9s az alaptalan, nem titkos\u00edtott ClientHelloOuter (SNI Outer) \u00fczenetre. A nem titkos\u00edtott SNI Outer nem \u00e9rint\u0151 adatokat tov\u00e1bb\u00edt, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a TLS verzi\u00f3j\u00e1nak \u00e9s a haszn\u00e1lt titkos\u00edt\u00e1sok list\u00e1j\u00e1t, valamint a f\u0151 domain nev\u00e9t, amely nem \u00fctk\u00f6zik a t\u00e9nyleges k\u00e9r\u00e9sedett domain n\u00e9v\u00e9vel. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul, a Cloudflare \u00f6sszes \u00fcgyfel\u00e9n\u00e9l a nem titkos\u00edtott SNI Outer a 'cloudflare-ech.com' k\u00f6z\u00f6s hostot adja meg, m\u00edg a t\u00e9nylegesen k\u00e9rt host neve a titkos\u00edtott SNI Inner-ben ker\u00fcl tov\u00e1bb\u00edt\u00e1sra, \u00e9s nem \u00e1ll elemezhet\u0151s\u00e9ggel rendelkez\u00e9sre.

\"A<\/center> <\/p>\n

Az ECH egy m\u00e1sik kulcsmegoszt\u00e1si s\u00e9m\u00e1t is alkalmaz a titkos\u00edt\u00e1shoz - a nyilv\u00e1nos kulcsr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 a HTTPSSVC DNS rekordokban ker\u00fcl tov\u00e1bb\u00edt\u00e1sra, nem pedig TXT rekordokban. A kulcs megszerz\u00e9se \u00e9s titkos\u00edt\u00e1sa az HPKE (Hybrid Public Key Encryption) mechanizmusra \u00e9p\u00fcl\u0151 hiteles\u00edtett v\u00e9gpontok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti titkos\u00edt\u00e1ssal t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik. Az ECH t\u00e1mogatja a kulcs biztons\u00e1gos \u00fajrak\u00fcld\u00e9s\u00e9t a szerverr\u0151l is, ami alkalmazhat\u00f3 kulcsok rot\u00e1l\u00e1sakor. szerveren<\/a> \u00e9s a DNS gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1r\u00e1b\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 elavult kulcsokkal kapcsolatos probl\u00e9m\u00e1k megold\u00e1s\u00e1ra.
\n
Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Mozilla \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Firefox \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 ECH (Encrypted Client Hello), \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 ESNI (Encrypted Server Name Indication) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 TLS-\u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f. \u0418\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 ECH \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Firefox 85, \u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e. \u0412 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":110432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47A Firefox \u00e9s a Cloudflare aktiv\u00e1lta az ECH t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t a domain elrejt\u00e9s\u00e9hez a HTTPS forgalomban | ProHoster","description":"A Mozilla bejelentette, hogy aktiv\u00e1lta az ECH (Encrypted Client Hello) mechanizmus t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t a Firefox stabil \u00e1ga sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, amely az ESNI (Encrypted Server Name Indication) technol\u00f3gia 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