{"id":112736,"date":"2024-01-07T15:10:14","date_gmt":"2024-01-07T13:10:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-mezhsetevogo-ekrana-firewalld-2-1"},"modified":"2024-01-07T15:10:14","modified_gmt":"2024-01-07T13:10:14","slug":"vypusk-mezhsetevogo-ekrana-firewalld-2-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-mezhsetevogo-ekrana-firewalld-2-1","title":{"rendered":"A firewalld 2.1-es verzi\u00f3j\u00e1nak kiad\u00e1sa","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>K\u00e9sz\u00fclt a firewalld 2.1 dinamikusan kezelhet\u0151 t\u0171zfal kiad\u00e1sa, amely az nftables \u00e9s az iptables csomagsz\u0171r\u0151k f\u00f6l\u00f6tt m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 keretrendszer form\u00e1j\u00e1ban val\u00f3sult meg. A firewalld h\u00e1tt\u00e9rfolyamatk\u00e9nt fut, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a csomagsz\u0171r\u0151 szab\u00e1lyainak dinamikus m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t a D-Bus-on kereszt\u00fcl, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy \u00fajra kellene ind\u00edtani a csomagsz\u0171r\u0151 szab\u00e1lyait \u00e9s megszak\u00edtani a megl\u00e9v\u0151 kapcsolatokat. A projekt m\u00e1r sok Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3n haszn\u00e1latban van, bele\u00e9rtve a RHEL 7+, Fedora 18+ \u00e9s SUSE\/openSUSE 15+ rendszereket. A firewalld k\u00f3dja Python nyelven \u00edr\u00f3dott \u00e9s GPLv2 licenc alatt terjesztik.    <\/p>\n<p>A t\u0171zfal kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re a firewall-cmd seg\u00e9deszk\u00f6z haszn\u00e1latos, amely a szab\u00e1lyok megalkot\u00e1sakor nem a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9szekre \u00e9s portsz\u00e1mokra, hanem a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok neveire t\u00e1maszkodik (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az SSH hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9nek megnyit\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a \u00abfirewall-cmd \u2014add \u2014service=ssh\u00bb parancsot kell v\u00e9grehajtani, az SSH lez\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1hoz pedig a \u00abfirewall-cmd \u2014remove \u2014service=ssh\u00bb parancsot). A t\u0171zfal konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a firewall-config grafikus fel\u00fclet (GTK) \u00e9s a firewall-applet (Qt) is haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3. A firewalld D-BUS API-n kereszt\u00fcli t\u0171zfalkezel\u00e9s t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa sz\u00e1mos projektben megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a NetworkManager, libvirt, podman, docker \u00e9s fail2ban eset\u00e9ben. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"IP-c\u00edmek\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"817\">IP-c\u00edmek<\/a>, h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9szek \u00e9s portsz\u00e1mok, valamint a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok nevei (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul SSH hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9s\u00e9hez futtassa a &#171;firewall-cmd &#8212;add &#8212;service=ssh&#187; parancsot, SSH letilt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz pedig a &#171;firewall-cmd &#8212;remove &#8212;service=ssh&#187; parancsot). A t\u0171zfal konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a firewall-config (GTK) grafikus fel\u00fclet \u00e9s a firewall-applet (Qt) alkalmaz\u00e1s is haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3. A firewalld t\u0171zfal kezel\u00e9s\u00e9nek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa el\u00e9rhet\u0151 olyan projektekben, mint a NetworkManager, libvirt, podman, docker \u00e9s fail2ban.    <\/p>\n<p>Kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva egy szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s DNS haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1hoz a QUIC protokoll felett (DNS over QUIC, DoQ, RFC 9250).\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva az ICMPv6 MLD (Multicast Listener Discovery) \u00fczenett\u00edpusok t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa.\n<li class=\"l\"> A firewalld.conf konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s f\u00e1jlhoz \u00faj ReloadPolicy opci\u00f3 ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva egy szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s a kliens SMTP lek\u00e9rdez\u00e9sek fogad\u00e1s\u00e1ra a 587-es TCP-porton (e-mail beny\u00fajt\u00e1s).\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva egy szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s az ALVR t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz (VR-j\u00e1t\u00e9kok streamel\u00e9se PC-r\u0151l hordozhat\u00f3 eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kre Wi-Fi-n kereszt\u00fcl).\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva egy szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s a VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) protokoll t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.  <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60397\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 firewalld 2.1, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 nftables \u0438 iptables. Firewalld \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 D-Bus, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 Linux, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f RHEL 7+, Fedora 18+ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-112736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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