{"id":113980,"date":"2024-02-29T18:25:59","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T16:25:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/microsoft-predlozhil-sistemu-upravleniya-dostupom-ipe-dlya-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2024-02-29T18:25:59","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T16:25:59","slug":"microsoft-predlozhil-sistemu-upravleniya-dostupom-ipe-dlya-yadra-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/microsoft-predlozhil-sistemu-upravleniya-dostupom-ipe-dlya-yadra-linux","title":{"rendered":"A Microsoft IPE hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s-vez\u00e9rl\u0151 rendszert javasolt a Linux kernelhez","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A v\u00e1llalat a Linux kernel fejleszt\u0151i levelez\u0151list\u00e1j\u00e1n megvitat\u00e1sra bocs\u00e1totta az IPE (Integrity Policy Enforcement) mechanizmus megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatos LSM-modul k\u00f3dj\u00e1t, amely kiterjeszti a megl\u00e9v\u0151 k\u00f6telez\u0151 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s-vez\u00e9rl\u00e9si rendszereket. Az IPE eset\u00e9ben a m\u0171velet enged\u00e9lyez\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l vagy megakad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l a v\u00e9grehajtott m\u0171velethez kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 rendszerkomponens \u00e1lland\u00f3 tulajdons\u00e1gai alapj\u00e1n d\u00f6ntenek, nem pedig c\u00edmk\u00e9k \u00e9s el\u00e9r\u00e9si \u00fatvonaleg alapj\u00e1n. A modul lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy egy \u00e1tfog\u00f3 integrit\u00e1si ir\u00e1nyelveket hat\u00e1rozzunk meg az eg\u00e9sz rendszer sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, jel\u00f6lve, hogy mely m\u0171veletek megengedettek \u00e9s hogyan kell ellen\u0151rizni a komponensek hiteless\u00e9g\u00e9t. <\/p>\n

Az IPE c\u00e9lja teljesen verifik\u00e1lhat\u00f3 rendszerek l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sa, amelyek integrit\u00e1s\u00e1t az indul\u00f3 bet\u00f6lt\u0151t\u0151l \u00e9s a kernelt\u0151l kezdve az utols\u00f3 v\u00e9grehajthat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlokig, konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3kig \u00e9s bet\u00f6lt\u00f6tt f\u00e1jlokig meger\u0151s\u00edtik. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az IPE seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel megadhat\u00f3, hogy mely v\u00e9grehajthat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlok ind\u00edt\u00e1sa enged\u00e9lyezett, figyelembe v\u00e9ve azok megfelel\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t a referenciaverzi\u00f3val kapcsolatban, a dm-verity rendszer \u00e1ltal megadott kriptogr\u00e1fiai hash-ek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel. F\u00e1jl m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1sa vagy cser\u00e9je eset\u00e9n az IPE blokkolhatja a m\u0171veletet vagy napl\u00f3zhatja a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9s t\u00e9ny\u00e9t. <\/p>\n

A javasolt mechanizmus alkalmazhat\u00f3 a be\u00e1gyazott eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k firmware-j\u00e1ban, ahol minden szoftver \u00e9s be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s k\u00fcl\u00f6n \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sra ker\u00fcl \u00e9s a tulajdonos \u00e1ltal ker\u00fcl rendelkez\u00e9sre bocs\u00e1t\u00e1sra, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Microsoft adatk\u00f6zpontokban az IPE a t\u0171zfalakhoz haszn\u00e1lt berendez\u00e9sekben. Az IPE m\u00e1s integrit\u00e1s-ellen\u0151rz\u0151 rendszerekt\u0151l, mint az IMA, abban k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zik, hogy f\u00fcggetlen a f\u00e1jlrendszer metadat\u00e1it\u00f3l \u2014 az \u00f6sszes \u00e9rv\u00e9nyess\u00e9get meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 tulajdons\u00e1g k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a kernelben van t\u00e1rolva. <\/p>\n

A szab\u00e1lyok sz\u00f6veges form\u00e1ban, kulcs-\u00e9rt\u00e9k p\u00e1rok k\u00e9szleteivel ker\u00fclnek megad\u00e1sra. Az alapvet\u0151 kulcs az \"op\", amely meghat\u00e1rozza a v\u00e9grehajtand\u00f3 m\u0171veletet (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az op=EXECUTE aktiv\u00e1l\u00f3dik a v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sra tett k\u00eds\u00e9rletkor), \u00e9s az \"action\", amely a cselekv\u00e9st hat\u00e1rozza meg (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az action=DENY a letilt\u00e1shoz). A szab\u00e1lyok k\u00fcls\u0151 alrendszerek, mint a dm-verity \u00e9s a fs-verity \u00e1ltal biztos\u00edtott tulajdons\u00e1gokhoz kapcsol\u00f3dnak. <\/p>\n

P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul, a szab\u00e1lyok op=EXECUTE boot_verified=TRUE action=ALLOW op=EXECUTE dmverity_signature=FALSE action=DENY op=EXECUTE fsverity_digest=sha256:401fce\u20260dec146938 action=DENY csak a hiteles\u00edtett part\u00edci\u00f3r\u00f3l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 ind\u00edt\u00e1st enged\u00e9lyezik, megakad\u00e1lyozz\u00e1k a dm-verity al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1ssal nem rendelkez\u0151 part\u00edci\u00f3kr\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 f\u00e1jlok v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t, valamint szelekt\u00edven megtiltj\u00e1k egy \"401fce\u20260dec146938\" hashel rendelkez\u0151 f\u00e1jl v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t. <\/p>\n

A kezdeti ind\u00edt\u00e1si szab\u00e1lyok k\u00e9szlet\u00e9t a SECURITY_IPE_BOOT_POLICY be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val hat\u00e1rozz\u00e1k meg, \u00e9s a kernel \u00f6sszes\u00edt\u00e9si r\u00e9sz\u00e9t k\u00e9pezik, m\u00edg a t\u00f6bbi szab\u00e1ly sz\u00fcks\u00e9g szerint a \\\/sys\\\/kernel\\\/security\\\/ipe\\\/new_policy f\u00e1jlon kereszt\u00fcl ker\u00fcl hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra. Az \u00e1tadott szab\u00e1lyok titkos\u00edtva vannak a SYSTEM_TRUSTED_KEYRING-ben meghat\u00e1rozott tan\u00fas\u00edtv\u00e1ny seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel. <\/p>\n

\u00c1ltal\u00e1nos c\u00e9l\u00fa rendszereken aj\u00e1nlott az IPE alkalmaz\u00e1sa a Huawei \u00e1ltal fejlesztett DIGLIM mechanizmussal kombin\u00e1lva. A DIGLIM eBPF seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel val\u00f3sul meg, \u00e9s egyszer\u0171s\u00edti az integrit\u00e1s ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9t egyes f\u00e1jlok szintj\u00e9n a hagyom\u00e1nyos disztrib\u00faci\u00f3kban an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy \u00e1t kellene dolgozni \u0151ket (mint alternat\u00edva a Secure Boot-ra, m\u0171k\u00f6dve az alkalmaz\u00e1si szinten). A DIGLIM l\u00e9nyege a f\u00e1jlok \u00e9s metadat\u00e1k ellen\u0151rz\u0151 hash-k\u00e9szlet\u00e9nek fenntart\u00e1sa \u00e9s a v\u00e9grehajthat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlokhoz val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s biztos\u00edt\u00e1sa csak akkor, ha annak hash-e megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a k\u00e9szletben. A hash-ek list\u00e1ja a RPM csomagkezel\u0151t\u0151l kaphat\u00f3, vagy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 manu\u00e1lisan is gener\u00e1lhatja.
\n
Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u043a\u043e\u0434 LSM-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 IPE (Integrity Policy Enforcement), \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0432 IPE \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47A Microsoft IPE hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s-ellen\u0151rz\u0151 rendszert javasolt a Linux kernelhez | ProHoster","description":"A v\u00e1llalat LSM-modul k\u00f3dj\u00e1t vit\u00e1ra bocs\u00e1totta a Linux kernel fejleszt\u0151i levelez\u0151list\u00e1j\u00e1n, amely megval\u00f3s\u00edtja az IPE (Integrity Policy Enforcement) mechanizmust, amely kiterjeszti a megl\u00e9v\u0151 k\u00f6telez\u0151 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s-ellen\u0151rz\u00e9si rendszereket.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/microsoft-predlozhil-sistemu-upravleniya-dostupom-ipe-dlya-yadra-linux","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hu_HU","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47Microsoft \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c IPE \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux | ProHoster","og:description":"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u043a\u043e\u0434 LSM-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 IPE (Integrity Policy Enforcement), \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b 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\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/microsoft-predlozhil-sistemu-upravleniya-dostupom-ipe-dlya-yadra-linux","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2024-02-29T16:25:59+00:00","article:modified_time":"2024-02-29T16:25:59+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113980","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=113980"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/113980\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=113980"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=113980"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=113980"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}