{"id":114679,"date":"2024-03-31T12:25:48","date_gmt":"2024-03-31T10:25:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-operaczionnoj-sistemy-netbsd-10-0"},"modified":"2024-03-31T12:25:48","modified_gmt":"2024-03-31T10:25:48","slug":"reliz-operaczionnoj-sistemy-netbsd-10-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/reliz-operaczionnoj-sistemy-netbsd-10-0","title":{"rendered":"A NetBSD 10.0 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e1s m\u00e1sf\u00e9l \u00e9vvel a legutols\u00f3 friss\u00edt\u00e9s megjelen\u00e9se ut\u00e1n megjelent a NetBSD 10 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kiad\u00e1sa. A let\u00f6lt\u00e9shez 630 MB m\u00e9ret\u0171 telep\u00edt\u0151 k\u00e9pek \u00e1llnak rendelkez\u00e9sre, 57 rendszerarchitekt\u00far\u00e1ra \u00e9s 16 k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 CPU csal\u00e1dra k\u00e9sz\u00edtve. Az \u00faj \u00e1g sz\u00e1mos jelent\u0151s fejleszt\u00e9st tartalmaz, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si vez\u00e9rl\u0151 list\u00e1k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t az FFS f\u00e1jlrendszerben, jelent\u0151s teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyoptimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1st, a lemezek titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t Adiantum algoritmus haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val, \u00e9s a WireGuard VPN illeszt\u0151program megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t a kernelben.    <\/p>\n<p>A projekt 8 els\u0151dleges portot t\u00e1mogat, amelyek a NetBSD fejleszt\u00e9si strat\u00e9gia alapj\u00e1t k\u00e9pezik: amd64, i386, evbarm, evbmips, evbppc, hpcarm, sparc64 \u00e9s xen, valamint 49 m\u00e1sodlagos portot, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 CPU-kkal kapcsolatosak, mint alpha, hppa, m68010, m68k, sh3, sparc \u00e9s vax. A m\u00e1sodlagos portok m\u00e9g mindig t\u00e1mogatottak, de m\u00e1r elavultak vagy nincs el\u00e9g fejleszt\u0151, aki \u00e9rdekl\u0151dne a fejleszt\u00e9s\u00fck ir\u00e1nt. Egy port (acorn26) a harmadik kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ba ker\u00fclt, ahol a nem m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151k\u00e9pes portok tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, amelyek t\u00f6rl\u00e9sre ker\u00fclhetnek, ha nem tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u0151 a fejleszt\u00e9s\u00fckre.     <\/p>\n<p>A NetBSD 10 f\u0151 fejleszt\u00e9sei:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A POSIX.1e ACL hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si vez\u00e9rl\u0151 lista t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s beker\u00fclt az FFS f\u00e1jlrendszerbe, amelyet a f\u00e1jlok kiterjesztett attrib\u00fatumain kereszt\u00fcl val\u00f3s\u00edtottak meg, \u00e9s a FreeBSD-b\u0151l \u00e1tker\u00fclt. Az ACL haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1hoz egy \u00faj FFSv2ea f\u00e1jlrendszer t\u00edpus javasolt, amely nem haszn\u00e1latos alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint, \u00e9s amelyre a megl\u00e9v\u0151 f\u00e1jlrendszerek \u00e1tvihet\u0151k az fsck_ffs seg\u00e9dprogram seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a wg h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9sz megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sa <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"153\">VPN<\/a>, amely kompatibilis a WireGuard-dal.\n<li class=\"l\"> A teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa megt\u00f6rt\u00e9nt. N\u00f6velt\u00e9k a f\u00e1jl\u00fatvonalak cache hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t a kernelben. N\u00f6velt\u00e9k a feladat\u00fctemez\u0151 teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00e9t, amely az big.LITTLE Arm rendszerekhez lett optimaliz\u00e1lva, amelyek gyors \u00e9s lass\u00fa CPU magokat kombin\u00e1lnak. A select \u00e9s poll rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1sok teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye is n\u00f6vekedett. A tmpfs f\u00e1jlrendszer teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye is n\u0151tt. Felgyorsult a bet\u00f6lt\u00e9si folyamat. Az x86 \u00e9s AArch64 architekt\u00far\u00e1kra specifikus optimaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3k ker\u00fcltek hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra. N\u00f6velt\u00e9k a bemeneti-kimeneti \u00e9s h\u00e1l\u00f3zati m\u0171veletek s\u00e1vsz\u00e9less\u00e9g\u00e9t AArch64 rendszereken.\n<li class=\"l\"> Optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sok t\u00f6rt\u00e9ntek a virtu\u00e1lis mem\u00f3ria rendszer\u00e9ben: a mem\u00f3riaoldalak keres\u00e9s\u00e9hez egy gyorsabb radix fa algoritmus ker\u00fclt alkalmaz\u00e1sra, javult a tiszta \u00e9s piszkos mem\u00f3riaoldalak nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s\u00e9nek sebess\u00e9ge, jelent\u0151sen felgyorsult a fsync nagy f\u00e1jlok eset\u00e9n, javult a z\u00e1rol\u00e1sok kezel\u00e9se \u00e9s n\u0151tt a p\u00e1rhuzamos m\u0171veletek v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ga.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a lemezek titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa Adiantum algoritmus alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a magas hat\u00e9konys\u00e1got AES hardveres titkos\u00edt\u00e1si gyors\u00edt\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcli rendszereken. A cgdconfig seg\u00e9dprogramhoz hozz\u00e1adva a megosztott kulcsok t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amelyek t\u00f6bb t\u00e1rol\u00f3 titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. Az alap\u00e9rtelmezett jelsz\u00f3 hash algoritmus m\u00f3dos\u00edtva lett Argon2id-ra. Bekapcsolva az automatikus swap partici\u00f3k titkos\u00edt\u00e1sa (vm.swap_encrypt=1). Hozz\u00e1adva a titkos\u00edt\u00e1si gyors\u00edt\u00e1s hardveres mechanizmusainak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amelyeket az x86 \u00e9s Arm processzorok ny\u00fajtanak, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az AES \u00e9s ChaCha gyors\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges utas\u00edt\u00e1sok. Az AES szoftveres megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sa, amelyet a kernel biztos\u00edt, folyamatos v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si id\u0151t biztos\u00edt minden architekt\u00far\u00e1ra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a biztons\u00e1ggal kapcsolatos kiterjeszt\u00e9sek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amelyeket az Armv8-A processzorok biztos\u00edtanak: PAN (Privileged Access Never), PA (Pointer Authentication), BTI (Branch Target Identification).\n<li class=\"l\"> A kernel biztons\u00e1gi probl\u00e9m\u00e1inak azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a Kernel Concurrency Sanitizer \u00e9s a Kernel Memory Sanitizer mechanizmusokat haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k.\n<li class=\"l\"> A h\u00e1l\u00f3zati veremben megval\u00f3sult az RFC 7048 t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amely jav\u00edtja az IPv6 Szomsz\u00e9d Felfedez\u0151 mechanizmus m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t, f\u00fcggetlenn\u00e9 t\u00e9ve azt a c\u00edmekt\u0151l.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00daj lagg h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9sz ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati linkek aggreg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s a megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra (a lagg az agr interf\u00e9sz hely\u00e9be l\u00e9pett).\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a vether illeszt\u0151program virtu\u00e1lis Ethernet interf\u00e9szek megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val, amelyeket a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati h\u00eddakban \u00e9s a tap interf\u00e9szek helyett lehet haszn\u00e1lni.\n<li class=\"l\"> Az ipsec implement\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1ba hozz\u00e1adva a sysctl net.key.allow_different_idtype a m\u00e1s VPN-ekkel val\u00f3 kompatibilit\u00e1s jav\u00edt\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jav\u00edtva a UDF (Universal Disk Format, optikai lemezek f\u00e1jlrendszere) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amely most m\u00e1r kompatibilis a Windows 10-b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1ssal hibaszinten. A newfs_udf seg\u00e9dprogramban lehet\u0151s\u00e9g ny\u00edlt UDF 2.50 form\u00e1tumban t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sra, elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edtett metaadat-part\u00edci\u00f3val. Hozz\u00e1adva a fsck_udf seg\u00e9dprogram a UDF form\u00e1tumban l\u00e9v\u0151 hib\u00e1s f\u00e1jlrendszerek ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra.\n<li class=\"l\"> A fstat seg\u00e9dprogramhoz hozz\u00e1adva a ZFS t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kiterjesztett\u00e9k a FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace) mechanizmus t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t, a refuse meghajt\u00f3ban teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k a FUSE 1.1-t\u0151l 3.10-ig terjed\u0151 API v\u00e1ltozatait.\n<li class=\"l\"> A szoftveres RAID megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ba be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a byte-orderrendel\u00e9s cser\u00e9j\u00e9vel kapcsolatos konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t. A raidctl seg\u00e9dprogramhoz hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a &#171;-t&#187; opci\u00f3t a konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s f\u00e1jlok helyess\u00e9g\u00e9nek ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00daj blkdiscard seg\u00e9dprogram ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra a TRIM m\u0171veletek manu\u00e1lis v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a lemezeken a fel nem haszn\u00e1lt blokkok jelz\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n<li class=\"l\"> A scan_ffs seg\u00e9dprogramba be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a jelenlegi statisztik\u00e1k megjelen\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9nek lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t a SIGINFO (Ctrl+T) jelz\u00e9s \u00e9rkez\u00e9sekor.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00daj programok ker\u00fcltek be a rendszerbe:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> aiomixer \u2014 hangkever\u0151\n<li class=\"l\">  realpath \u2014 az abszol\u00fat \u00fat ki\u00edr\u00e1sa a relat\u00edv \u00fat alapj\u00e1n.\n<li class=\"l\">  tradcpp \u2014 K&amp;R C st\u00edlus\u00fa makroprocesszor.\n<li class=\"l\">  ioctlprint \u2014 az ioctl \u00e9rt\u00e9keinek megjelen\u00edt\u00e9se.\n<li class=\"l\"> testpat \u2014 teszt t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat ki\u00edr\u00e1sa a k\u00e9perny\u0151 sz\u00ednvisszaad\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n<li class=\"l\"> warp \u2014 klasszikus BSD-rendszer j\u00e1t\u00e9k.  <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A Spleen raszteres bet\u0171t\u00edpusok, amelyek BSD licenccel rendelkeznek \u00e9s alacsony felbont\u00e1s\u00fa, valamint magas pixel s\u0171r\u0171s\u00e9g\u0171 kijelz\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is el\u00e9rhet\u0151k, beker\u00fcltek a ctwm-be. Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 a Terminus konzol bet\u0171t\u00edpusok is szerepelnek az \u00f6sszetev\u0151k k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.\n<li class=\"l\"> A Linux kompatibilit\u00e1si r\u00e9teghez (compat_linux) hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k az eventfd, timerfd, POSIX id\u0151z\u00edt\u0151k, preadv \u00e9s pwritev mechanizmusok t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jav\u00edtott\u00e1k a virtualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t. Hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a Xen PVH t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a Xen PV meghajt\u00f3k haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t a HVM alap\u00fa vend\u00e9g rendszerekben, jav\u00edtott\u00e1k a paravirualiz\u00e1lt h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9szek megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t. A Xen gazda kern\u00e9l (Dom0) t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k a t\u00f6bbprocesszoros rendszereket. A Xen kernelben a szabv\u00e1nyos kernelhez k\u00f6z\u00f6s modulok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra van lehet\u0151s\u00e9g. A h\u00e1l\u00f3zati (xennet) \u00e9s blokk (xbd) eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k t\u00f6bbprocesszoros rendszerekhez lettek adapt\u00e1lva (MPSAFE st\u00e1tuszt kaptak). Jelent\u0151sen jav\u00edtott\u00e1k a HyperV hypervisor t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t, \u00e9s b\u0151v\u00fclt az nvmm (NetBSD Virtual Machine Monitor) hypervisor lehet\u0151s\u00e9gei. Lehet\u0151s\u00e9g van alv\u00f3 m\u00f3dba \u00e1tt\u00e9r\u00e9sre. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/vps\/\"   title=\"virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pekhez\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2041\">virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pekhez<\/a> az nvmm-ben.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jav\u00edtott\u00e1k a VirtIO meghajt\u00f3kat, amelyek most m\u00e1r t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k a VirtIO 1.0 specifik\u00e1ci\u00f3t. Hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a vio9p meghajt\u00f3t a VirtIO 9P f\u00e1jlrendszer vend\u00e9g rendszerekben val\u00f3 csatol\u00e1s\u00e1ra, amelyeket a gazda k\u00f6rnyezet export\u00e1l. Hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a viocon meghajt\u00f3t a virtu\u00e1lis soros port sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.\n<li class=\"l\"> Megval\u00f3sultak az eventfd \u00e9s timerfd rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1sok, amelyek kompatibilisek a Linux-szal \u00e9s a compat_linux-ban vannak alkalmazva. Hozz\u00e1adva a fexecve rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1s a f\u00e1jl f\u00e1jlrendszer-besorol\u00e1s szerinti v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.\n<li class=\"l\"> Elavult \u00f6sszetev\u0151k elt\u00e1vol\u00edtva, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a HIPPI, FDDI \u00e9s TokenRing technol\u00f3gi\u00e1k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak megsz\u00fcntet\u00e9se, az nsmb \u00e9s mount_smbfs driverek elt\u00e1vol\u00edtva a SMBFS sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra (nem t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k az SMB protokoll \u00fajabb verzi\u00f3it), az IPv6 Router Advertisement t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rbe ker\u00fclt, az libXTrap, libXevie \u00e9s libglut k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rak elt\u00e1vol\u00edtva, \u00e9s rengeteg elavult eszk\u00f6z illeszt\u0151programja elt\u00e1vol\u00edtva.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jelent\u0151sen b\u0151v\u00fclt a hardver t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s. T\u00e1mogat\u00e1st ny\u00fajt az \u00faj Intel \u00e9s AMD processzorok lehet\u0151s\u00e9geihez. \u00daj ARM platformok (Raspberry Pi 4, Orange Pi 5, Lichee Pi Zero, ODROID-N2+, M1 Mac Mini, HummingBoard Pulse, UDOO Neo Full, PINE64 Quartz64, Asus Tinker stb.) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa is hozz\u00e1adva. T\u00e1gabb t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s a MIPS architekt\u00far\u00e1hoz.\n<li class=\"l\"> 17 \u00faj eszk\u00f6zilleszt\u0151 ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul Wacom t\u00e1blag\u00e9pek, Realtek 8125 2.5 Gigabit Ethernet, Motorcomm YT8511C \/ YT8511H Gigabit Ethernet, Intel Ethernet 700, Broadcom GENETv5 Ethernet, Intel QuickAssist kripto-gyors\u00edt\u00f3k \u00e9s Intel XMM7360 LTE-modemek.\n<li class=\"l\"> Friss\u00edtve a grafikus illeszt\u0151programok az Intel, NVIDIA \u00e9s AMD GPU-k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra x86 rendszerekhez. A DRM\/KMS alrendszer \u00f6sszehangolva a Linux 5.6 kernel\u00e9vel.\n<li class=\"l\"> Friss\u00edtve a k\u00fcls\u0151 \u00f6sszetev\u0151k verzi\u00f3i, bele\u00e9rtve a ctwm 4.0.3 ablakkezel\u0151t, gcc 10.5, lua 5.4.6, OpenSSL 3.0.12, postfix 3.8.4, tmux 3.2a, OpenSSH 9.6, X.org Server 21.1.7, BIND 9.18.24, Heimdal kerberos 7.8.0, unbound 1.19.1, wpa_supplicant 2.9, OpenLDAP 2.5.6, binutils 2.34, libfido2 1.13.0, pam-u2f 1.2.0, zlib 1.2.13.            <\/ul>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60886\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e 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