{"id":120574,"date":"2024-11-15T01:09:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T23:09:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/katalog-pypi-vnedril-novuyu-sistemu-proverki-podlinnosti-paketov"},"modified":"2024-11-15T01:09:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T23:09:08","slug":"katalog-pypi-vnedril-novuyu-sistemu-proverki-podlinnosti-paketov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/katalog-pypi-vnedril-novuyu-sistemu-proverki-podlinnosti-paketov","title":{"rendered":"A PyPI katal\u00f3gia \u00faj csomag-azonos\u00edt\u00f3 ellen\u0151rz\u00e9si rendszert vezetett be","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A Python csomagok PyPI (Python Package Index) t\u00e1rol\u00f3j\u00e1nak fejleszt\u0151i bejelentett\u00e9k egy digit\u00e1lis tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00f3 mechanizmus t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9t a k\u00f6zz\u00e9tett csomagok hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez, amely a PGP-al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1sokkal val\u00f3 ellen\u0151rz\u00e9st v\u00e1ltja fel. A tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00e1s kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9ge az, hogy a csomag k\u00f6zz\u00e9t\u00e9tel\u00e9t nem a fejleszt\u0151, hanem egy harmadik f\u00e9l (a csomagkatal\u00f3gus) igazolja egy k\u00fcls\u0151 OpenID Connect szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3n kereszt\u00fcl (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul miut\u00e1n ellen\u0151rzik, hogy a k\u00f6zz\u00e9tett csomag kapcsol\u00f3dik-e a GitHub vagy GitLab-on tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 t\u00e1rol\u00f3hoz).      <\/p>\n<p>Az akkredit\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer kik\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00f6li a PGP-\u00e9rtes\u00edt\u00e9sek hiteles\u00edt\u00e9si mechanizmus\u00e1nak h\u00e1tr\u00e1nyait, amelyet kor\u00e1bban elavultnak nyilv\u00e1n\u00edtottak a PyPI-ban. Ezt a megold\u00e1st a ny\u00edlt PGP-kulcsokkal kapcsolatos fejleszt\u0151i hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatos probl\u00e9m\u00e1k miatt fogadt\u00e1k el, mivel a 2020 \u00f3ta a PyPI-ban l\u00e9trehozott 1069 PGP-kulcs k\u00f6z\u00fcl 29%-uk hi\u00e1nyzott a nagy nyilv\u00e1nos <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/server\/dts-gdansk\/\"   title=\"szervereken\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4566\">szervereken<\/a> a kulcsok 35%-\u00e1nak meger\u0151s\u00edt\u00e9se pedig audit sor\u00e1n lehetetlenn\u00e9 v\u00e1lt. Ezzel szemben a meger\u0151s\u00edtett PGP-kulcsok a k\u00e9t sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e9kos f\u00e1jl mind\u00f6ssze 0,3%-\u00e1t fedt\u00e9k le.       <\/p>\n<p>Az \u00faj rendszerben a csomagok al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1hoz haszn\u00e1lt al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1sokat r\u00f6vid \u00e9let\u0171 efem\u00e9r kulcsokkal hozz\u00e1k l\u00e9tre, amelyeket az OpenID Connect szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k \u00e1ltal meger\u0151s\u00edtett jogosults\u00e1gok alapj\u00e1n gener\u00e1lnak. Az al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges kulcsok gener\u00e1l\u00e1sakor a fejleszt\u0151 az OpenID szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3n kereszt\u00fcl azonos\u00edtja mag\u00e1t, amely meger\u0151s\u00edti a f\u0151 projekthez f\u0171z\u0151d\u0151 kapcsolat\u00e1t. A digit\u00e1lis tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00e1shoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1t a Sigstore rendszer \u00e9s az in-toto tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00e1si keretrendszer eszk\u00f6zeivel \u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k ki.    <\/p>\n<p>Az akkredit\u00e1ci\u00f3 el\u0151nyei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szerepel a tart\u00f3s PGP-kulcsokhoz val\u00f3 k\u00f6t\u0151d\u00e9s hi\u00e1nya \u2013 a priv\u00e1t kulcs elveszt\u00e9se vagy kompromitt\u00e1l\u00e1sa al\u00e1\u00e1ssa a rajta alapul\u00f3 al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1sokba vetett bizalmat, m\u00edg az akkredit\u00e1ci\u00f3 sor\u00e1n az al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s a csomagbehelyez\u00e9s pillanat\u00e1ban a jogosults\u00e1got igazol\u00f3 tokenhez kapcsol\u00f3dik, \u00e9s a csomag kapcsolata a forr\u00e1sk\u00f3d f\u0151 t\u00e1rol\u00f3j\u00e1val. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul, amikor egy GitHub Action \u00e1ltal el\u0151k\u00e9sz\u00edtett csomagot publik\u00e1lnak, az akkredit\u00e1ci\u00f3 hiteles \u00e9s meger\u0151s\u00edtett kapcsolatot hat\u00e1roz meg a PyPI-ban elhelyezett f\u00e1jl, a t\u00e1rol\u00f3, a munkafolyamat \u00e9s a csomag l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sakor felhaszn\u00e1lt commit hash k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.     <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A PyPI katal\u00f3gia \u00faj csomag-azonos\u00edt\u00f3 ellen\u0151rz\u00e9si rendszert vezetett be\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/2dd01380b44847a51dc2452083466b22.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>      <\/p>\n<p>A kulcsok hiteless\u00e9g\u00e9nek nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s a lehets\u00e9ges kompromitt\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1sok azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a projekteket \u00e9s mag\u00e1t a PyPI-t csomagok form\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra nyilv\u00e1nos k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott napl\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1sa r\u00e9v\u00e9n teszik lehet\u0151v\u00e9. A t\u00e9ves adatbevitelt\u0151l val\u00f3 v\u00e9delem \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben pedig egy Merkle-f\u00e1 strukt\u00fara seg\u00edti a teljes folyamatot (a Merkle fa minden \u00e1ga \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00edti az alatta l\u00e9v\u0151 \u00e1gakat \u00e9s csom\u00f3pontokat a f\u00e1hoz rendelt hashel\u00e9ssel).      <\/p>\n<p>Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 \u00e9rdemes megeml\u00edteni a PyPI katal\u00f3gus\u00e1ban felfedezett k\u00e1ros csomagot, a \u201efabrice\u201d-t, amely t\u00edpuskiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1ssal (hasonl\u00f3 neveket adva meg, amelyek elt\u00e9r\u0151 karakterekkel b\u00edrnak, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul exampl a p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul helyett, djangoo a django helyett, pyhton a python helyett stb.) \u00e1lc\u00e1zta mag\u00e1t a n\u00e9pszer\u0171 \u201efabric\u201d k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rk\u00e9nt, amelynek 201 milli\u00f3 let\u00f6lt\u00e9se van (7 milli\u00f3 let\u00f6lt\u00e9s az el\u0151z\u0151 h\u00f3napban). A k\u00e1ros csomag 2021 \u00f3ta \u00e9szrev\u00e9tlen maradt, \u00e9s az\u00f3ta t\u00f6bb mint 37 ezer alkalommal t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt\u00e9k le.     <\/p>\n<p>A \"fabrice\" csomag megism\u00e9telte az alapvet\u0151 funkci\u00f3kat az eredeti k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rb\u00f3l, \u00e9s tov\u00e1bbi k\u00f3dot tartalmazott az AWS (Amazon Web Services) hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si kulcsainak k\u00fcls\u0151 hosztra t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 \u00e9szlel\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s elk\u00fcld\u00e9s\u00e9hez, a h\u00e1ts\u00f3 ajt\u00f3 telep\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s bizonyos szkriptek v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A rosszindulat\u00fa komponensek aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1sa Linux \u00e9s Windows rendszerekben t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt. Linux alatt a rosszindulat\u00fa tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9ggel kapcsolatos f\u00e1jlok a ~\/.local\/bin\/vscode k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rba t\u00f6lt\u0151dtek.<br \/>\n<br \/>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62234\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f Python-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 PyPI (Python Package Index) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c PGP-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439. \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0438\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c (\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432) \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430 OpenID Connect (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":120575,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-120574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f Python-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 PyPI (Python Package Index) \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 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