{"id":121698,"date":"2025-02-04T09:46:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-04T07:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp"},"modified":"2025-02-04T09:46:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T07:46:00","slug":"uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp","title":{"rendered":"Sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g az AMD CPU mikrok\u00f3d-l\u00e1that\u00f3 fel\u00fclet\u00e9n, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az SEV-SNP izol\u00e1ci\u00f3 megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A Google biztons\u00e1gi kutat\u00f3i k\u00f6zz\u00e9tett\u00e9k a sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gr\u0151l (CVE-2024-56161) sz\u00f3l\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat az AMD processzorokban, amelyek a mikrok\u00f3d-l\u00e1that\u00f3 fel\u00fcletet \u00e9rintik, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s ellen\u0151rz\u00e9si mechanizmus\u00e1nak megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t a mikrok\u00f3d-friss\u00edt\u00e9sek sor\u00e1n. A m\u00f3dos\u00edtott mikrok\u00f3d bet\u00f6lt\u00e9se lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) mechanizmus\u00e1nak kompromitt\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t, amelyet a virtualiz\u00e1l\u00f3 rendszerek alkalmaznak a virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pek v\u00e9delme \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a hypervisor vagy a hosztrendszer adminisztr\u00e1tora \u00e1ltali beavatkoz\u00e1st\u00f3l. <\/p>\n

A sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g rosszindulat\u00fa hash-f\u00fcggv\u00e9ny haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1b\u00f3l ad\u00f3dik a mikrok\u00f3d CPU-ba val\u00f3 bet\u00f6lt\u00e9se ut\u00e1ni digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s ellen\u0151rz\u0151 k\u00f3dj\u00e1ban. A t\u00e1mad\u00e1shoz adminisztr\u00e1tori jogok sz\u00fcks\u00e9gesek a helyi rendszeren (a k\u00f3d v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge a null\u00e1s v\u00e9delmi szinten (ring0), an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pben lenn\u00e9nk). <\/p>\n

A t\u00e1mad\u00e1s sor\u00e1n be lehet avatkozni a v\u00e9dett vend\u00e9grendszerek m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9be, amelyeket az AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) \u00e9s SEV-SNP (Secure Nested Paging) kiterjeszt\u00e9sek v\u00e9delm\u00e9re hoztak l\u00e9tre, \u00e9s amelyek a mem\u00f3ria integrit\u00e1s\u00e1nak garant\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t biztos\u00edtj\u00e1k. virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pekhez<\/a>, izol\u00e1lva a processzorregisztereket \u00e9s biztons\u00e1gos m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9st biztos\u00edtva a be\u00e1gyazott mem\u00f3riaoldalt\u00e1bl\u00e1k kezel\u00e9s\u00e9vel. Az AMD SEV mechanizmust az\u00e9rt hozt\u00e1k l\u00e9tre, hogy az adatk\u00f6zpontok \u00e9s felh\u0151szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k szem\u00e9lyzete ne tudja m\u00f3dos\u00edtani vagy elemezni a v\u00e9dett vend\u00e9grendszerek mem\u00f3riatartalm\u00e1t, valamint ne zavarja meg a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sokat. <\/p>\n

A kutat\u00f3k elk\u00e9sz\u00edtettek egy protot\u00edpus exploitot, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi tetsz\u0151leges, digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcli mikrok\u00f3d bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9t a CPU-ba. A sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g vesz\u00e9ly\u00e9nek bemutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra egy mikrok\u00f3d-friss\u00edt\u00e9st javasoltak, amely megv\u00e1ltoztatja az RDRAND utas\u00edt\u00e1s m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si logik\u00e1j\u00e1t, amely az egyik entropiaforr\u00e1sk\u00e9nt szolg\u00e1l a pseudorandom sz\u00e1mgener\u00e1torokban, amelyeket a kulcsok l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sakor, kriptogr\u00e1fiai m\u0171veletek sor\u00e1n \u00e9s v\u00e9letlenszer\u0171 azonos\u00edt\u00f3k gener\u00e1l\u00e1sakor haszn\u00e1lnak. <\/p>\n

A m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1s azt eredm\u00e9nyezi, hogy a RDRAND utas\u00edt\u00e1s csak 4-es sz\u00e1mot ad vissza, ahelyett, hogy v\u00e9letlenszer\u0171 sorozatot gener\u00e1lna. A bizalmas sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1si rendszerek elleni val\u00f3s t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok megel\u0151z\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a m\u00f3dos\u00edtott mikrok\u00f3d null\u00e1zza a CF (carry flag) z\u00e1szl\u00f3t, azaz hib\u00e1snak jel\u00f6li a kibocs\u00e1tott \u00e9rt\u00e9ket. Tov\u00e1bbi r\u00e9szleteket \u00e9s eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket a m\u00f3dos\u00edtott mikrok\u00f3d gener\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz m\u00e1rcius 5-\u00e9n terveznek nyilv\u00e1noss\u00e1gra hozni, hogy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3knak legyen idej\u00fck telep\u00edteni a jav\u00edt\u00e1st rendszereikre. A t\u00e1mad\u00e1s sikeres p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja bemutat\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt szerverek<\/a> az AMD EPYC 7B13 (Milan) \u00e9s az AMD Ryzen 9 7940HS (Phoenix) processzorokkal. <\/p>\n

Az AMD jelent\u00e9s\u00e9ben szerepel, hogy a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g az AMD processzorok 1-4. gener\u00e1ci\u00f3s Zen mikroarchitekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1ban jelentkezik. A s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9get orvosl\u00f3 mikrok\u00f3d friss\u00edt\u00e9se 2024. december 13-\u00e1n jelent meg az AMD EPYC 7001, 7002 \u00e9s 7003 sorozat\u00fa processzorokhoz (Naples, Rome, Milan \u00e9s Milan-X), m\u00edg december 16-\u00e1n a 9004 sorozat\u00fa processzorokhoz (Genoa, Genoa-X \u00e9s Bergamo\/Siena). A SEV-SNP tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00e1st haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 rendszereken a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g kezel\u00e9s\u00e9hez tov\u00e1bbi AMD SEV firmware friss\u00edt\u00e9s is sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges (amely a gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k BIOS friss\u00edt\u00e9seivel egy\u00fctt \u00e9rkezik). <\/p>\n

Tov\u00e1bbi jelent\u00e9sek \u00e9rkeztek egy m\u00e1sik AMD processzorokban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9gr\u0151l, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a mell\u00e9kcsatorn\u00e1s t\u00e1mad\u00e1st a vend\u00e9g rendszerekben v\u00e9gzett sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sok inform\u00e1ci\u00f3inak kinyer\u00e9s\u00e9re, amelyek az AMD SEV mechanizmus\u00e1val v\u00e9dettek. A probl\u00e9ma az AMD EPYC processzorok 1-4. gener\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1t \u00e9rinti, \u00e9s \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg a processzor gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1r\u00e1b\u00f3l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 adatok kinyer\u00e9s\u00e9nek lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9vel, amelyek a v\u00e9dett vend\u00e9g rendszerek m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9se sor\u00e1n halmoz\u00f3dnak fel. A gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1r tartalm\u00e1nak elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a Prime+Probe m\u00f3dszer, amely a gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1r kit\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9t jelenti egy referencia\u00e9rt\u00e9k halmazzal, \u00e9s a hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s idej\u00e9nek m\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9vel hat\u00e1rozza meg a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokat a t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6ri kit\u00f6lt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n. Megjegyzik, hogy a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra kor\u00e1bban a Spectre-t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok ellen javasolt m\u00f3dszerek alkalmazhat\u00f3k.
\n
Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Google \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2024-56161) \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 AMD, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization), \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47S\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g az AMD CPU mikrok\u00f3d bet\u00f6lt\u0151j\u00e9ben, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a SEV-SNP elszigetel\u00e9s\u00e9nek megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t | ProHoster","description":"A Google biztons\u00e1gi kutat\u00f3i nyilv\u00e1noss\u00e1gra hozt\u00e1k az AMD processzorokban felfedezett (CVE-2024-56161) s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9get, amely a mikrok\u00f3d bet\u00f6lt\u0151j\u00e9t \u00e9rinti, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s ellen\u0151rz\u0151 mechanizmus\u00e1nak megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hu_HU","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 CPU AMD, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e SEV-SNP | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Google \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2024-56161) \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 AMD, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 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