{"id":184188,"date":"2026-11-08T23:41:05","date_gmt":"2026-11-08T21:41:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/news\/predstavlen-kmorph-dlya-bystrogo-vosstanovleniya-posle-sboya-ili-obnovleniya-yadra-linux"},"modified":"2026-11-08T23:41:09","modified_gmt":"2026-11-08T21:41:09","slug":"kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","title":{"rendered":"Bemutatjuk a kmorph-ot a Linux kernel gyors helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz hiba vagy friss\u00edt\u00e9s ut\u00e1n.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A Multikernel projekt fejleszt\u0151i, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy egy fizikai sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pen t\u00f6bb f\u00fcggetlen kernel p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny fusson hypervisor \u00e9s virtualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 n\u00e9lk\u00fcl, bemutatt\u00e1k a kmorph eszk\u00f6zk\u00e9szletet, amely gyors helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1si eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket val\u00f3s\u00edt meg a Linux kernel le\u00e1ll\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n, vagy a kernel \u00e9l\u0151 m\u00f3d\u00fa cser\u00e9j\u00e9re teljes \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. A projekt m\u00f6g\u00f6tt Kong Wang \u00e1ll, aki a forgalomkezel\u0151 alrendszert (TC, Traffic Control) t\u00e1mogatja a kernelben. A gyors \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1s m\u00f3dszere a tartal\u00e9k kernel el\u0151zetes mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ba t\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9n alapul, amely felv\u00e1ltja az akt\u00edv munkakernelt hiba eset\u00e9n vagy ha sz\u00fcks\u00e9g van a kernel \u00faj verzi\u00f3ra t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 cser\u00e9j\u00e9re. <\/p>\n

A javasolt megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a teljes \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1s elker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s majdnem azonnali munkakezd\u00e9st, ezzel minimaliz\u00e1lva a le\u00e1ll\u00e1s idej\u00e9t. Jelenleg a kernel le\u00e1ll\u00e1sa eset\u00e9n a teljes \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1s nagy rendszerek eset\u00e9n szerverek<\/a> t\u00f6bb percet ig\u00e9nyel a berendez\u00e9sek inicializ\u00e1l\u00f3 folyamatainak, a rendszerk\u00f6rnyezet bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9nek \u00e9s a mem\u00f3ria-dump ment\u00e9s\u00e9nek kdump mechanizmus seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel. Alapvet\u0151en a kdump haszn\u00e1lata sor\u00e1n a kernelb\u0151l k\u00e9t \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik: el\u0151sz\u00f6r a kexec seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel egy k\u00fcl\u00f6n kernel p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyt t\u00f6ltenek be a mem\u00f3ria dump ment\u00e9s\u00e9re, ezt k\u00f6vet\u0151en pedig bet\u00f6ltik a munkakernelt \u00e9s elind\u00edtj\u00e1k a rendszerszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokat.<\/p>\n

A kmorph alkalmaz\u00e1sa eset\u00e9n a CPU egy k\u00fcl\u00f6n kernelj\u00e9hez el\u0151re bet\u00f6lt\u00e9sre ker\u00fcl egy tartal\u00e9k Linux kernel \u00e9s egy minim\u00e1lis rendszerk\u00f6rnyezet, amely figyeli az akt\u00edv kernel \u00e1llapot\u00e1t. Amennyiben az akt\u00edv kernel lefagy vagy p\u00e1nikba esik, a tartal\u00e9k k\u00f6rnyezet \u00e1tveszi az ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1st, elmenti a hib\u00e1s kernel mem\u00f3ria dumpj\u00e1t, \u00e1t\u00e1ll\u00edtja a processzormagokat, a mem\u00f3ri\u00e1t, az eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket, a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3t \u00e9s a f\u00e1jlkezel\u0151 rendszert. <\/p>\n

A v\u00e1lt\u00e1s k\u00e9t program seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik: a kmorph — az akt\u00edv k\u00f6rnyezetben fut, l\u00e9trehozza a tartalmat a tartal\u00e9k k\u00f6rnyezet sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00e9s szinkroniz\u00e1lja annak h\u00e1l\u00f3zati \u00e1llapot\u00e1t; a kmorphd — a tartal\u00e9k k\u00f6rnyezetben fut \u00e9s figyeli az akt\u00edv k\u00f6rnyezet \u00e1llapot\u00e1t. A v\u00e1lt\u00e1s mellett, baleset eset\u00e9n, lehet\u0151s\u00e9g van a kmorph haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra a kernel hagyom\u00e1nyos \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcli friss\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re is. A gyorsabb helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a tartal\u00e9k k\u00f6rnyezetben, a kernel \u00e9s a minim\u00e1lis rendszerszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1si \u00f6sszetev\u0151k mellett inakt\u00edv m\u00f3dban elind\u00edthat\u00f3k tipikus szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az nginx. Ebben az esetben, amikor aktiv\u00e1lj\u00e1k a tartal\u00e9k k\u00f6rnyezetet, az nginx szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s m\u00e1r bet\u00f6lt\u0151dik a mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ba, \u00e9s azonnal elkezdi feldolgozni a k\u00e9r\u00e9seket a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati k\u00e1rtya \u00faj k\u00f6rnyezetbe val\u00f3 v\u00e1lt\u00e1sa, a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3 aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9s a gy\u00f6k\u00e9r f\u00e1jlrendszer v\u00e1lt\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

A v\u00e9gzett tesztek szerint az nginx-sel rendelkez\u0151 szerver a kmorph seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 2 m\u00e1sodpercen bel\u00fcl vissza\u00e1ll a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9sbe a kernel le\u00e1ll\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n, azonban a j\u00f6v\u0151ben az a c\u00e9l, hogy az \u00e1tkapcsol\u00e1s az \u00fcgyfelek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00e9szrev\u00e9tlen legyen. Jelenleg a kmorph t\u00e1mogatja az x86_64 \u00e9s ARM64 architekt\u00far\u00e1kat, \u00e9s folyamatban van a RISC-V t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak kidolgoz\u00e1sa. A kmorph integr\u00e1ci\u00f3ja a Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3kba a kdump t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz hasonl\u00f3an t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, a be\u00e9p\u00edtett dracut, initramfs-tools, kernel-install eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k\u00f6n \u00e9s a systemd szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1son kereszt\u00fcl.<\/p>\n

A kernelbe m\u00e1r be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a Kexec HandOver (KHO) \u00e9s a Live Update Orchestrator (LUO) mechanizmusokat, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik, hogy \u00faj kernelt ind\u00edtsanak el a r\u00e9gib\u0151l an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy elvesz\u00edten\u00e9k a rendszer \u00e1llapot\u00e1t \u00e9s le\u00e1ll\u00edtan\u00e1k az eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t. De ezeket nem lehet alkalmazni kernel le\u00e1ll\u00e1s eset\u00e9n, mivel az akt\u00edv kernel \u00e1llapot\u00e1nak meg\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9hez van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g\u00fck. A KHO \u00e9s LUO sebess\u00e9ge is elmarad a kmorph-t\u00f3l, mivel a kmorph \u00faj magja m\u00e1r a mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ban van, m\u00edg a KHO \u00e9s LUO kernel \u00fajraind\u00edt\u00e1st ig\u00e9nyel a kexec-en kereszt\u00fcl.
\n
Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Multikernel, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 kmorph, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0432 Live-\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0433 \u0412\u0430\u043d\u0433 (Cong Wang), \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c (TC, Traffic Control) \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47 Bemutatjuk a kmorph-t a Linux kernel gyors helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vagy friss\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez | ProHoster","description":"A Multikernel projekt fejleszt\u0151i, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy egy fizikai sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pen t\u00f6bb f\u00fcggetlen kernel p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyt futtassanak hipervizor \u00e9s virtualiz\u00e1l\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl, bemutatt\u00e1k a kmorph eszk\u00f6zk\u00e9szletet, amely implement\u00e1lja az alapelveket.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hu_HU","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d kmorph \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Multikernel, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 kmorph, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/kmorph-introduced-for-fast-recovery-after-a-linux-kernel-crash-or-update","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2026-11-08T21:41:05+00:00","article:modified_time":"2026-11-08T21:41:09+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":[],"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=184188"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":184189,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184188\/revisions\/184189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=184188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=184188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=184188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}