{"id":31915,"date":"2019-10-31T21:43:56","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:43:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/polzovatel-v-docker\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:43:56","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:43:56","slug":"polzovatel-v-docker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/polzovatel-v-docker","title":{"rendered":"Felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 a Dockerben","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Andrej Kopylov<\/a><\/noindex>, a m\u0171szaki igazgat\u00f3nk, szereti, akt\u00edvan haszn\u00e1lja \u00e9s n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00edti a Dockert. Az \u00faj cikk\u00e9ben arr\u00f3l besz\u00e9l, hogyan lehet felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3kat l\u00e9trehozni a Dockerben. A helyes m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00fckr\u0151l, arr\u00f3l, mi\u00e9rt nem szabad felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3kat root jogosults\u00e1gokkal hagyni, \u00e9s hogyan oldhatjuk meg az \u00f6sszef\u00e9rhetetlens\u00e9gi probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat a Dockerfile-ben.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Minden folyamat a kont\u00e9nerben root felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt fog futni, hacsak speci\u00e1lisan nem adjuk meg. Ez nagyon k\u00e9nyelmesnek t\u0171nik, hiszen ennek a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak nincsenek korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sai. Ez\u00e9rt a biztons\u00e1g szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l nem helyes root felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt dolgozni. Ha a helyi sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pen senki sem dolgozik j\u00f3zan \u00e9sszel root jogosults\u00e1gokkal, akkor sokan rootk\u00e9nt ind\u00edtanak folyamatokat a kont\u00e9nerekben.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Mindig vannak hib\u00e1k, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a rosszindulat\u00fa programok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, hogy kijussanak a kont\u00e9nerb\u0151l \u00e9s a hoszt sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pre ker\u00fcljenek. A legrosszabbra sz\u00e1m\u00edtva biztos\u00edtanunk kell, hogy a folyamatok a kont\u00e9nerben olyan felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt fussanak, aki nem rendelkezik jogosults\u00e1gokkal a hoszt g\u00e9pen.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sa<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

Felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3t l\u00e9trehozni a kont\u00e9nerben nem k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zik a Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3kban val\u00f3 l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1st\u00f3l. Azonban a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 alapk\u00e9pek eset\u00e9ben a parancsok elt\u00e9r\u0151ek lehetnek.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Debian alap\u00fa disztrib\u00faci\u00f3k eset\u00e9n a Dockerfile-ba a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151t kell hozz\u00e1adni:<\/p>\n

RUN groupadd --gid 2000 node \n  && useradd --uid 2000 --gid node --shell \/bin\/bash --create-home node<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Alpine eset\u00e9n:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
RUN addgroup -g 2000 node \n    && adduser -u 2000 -G node -s \/bin\/sh -D node\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Folyamatok ind\u00edt\u00e1sa felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt<\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
Minden tov\u00e1bbi folyamatot a 2000-es UID-ja felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt val\u00f3 futtat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz futtassa:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
USER 2000<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Minden tov\u00e1bbi folyamatot a node felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt val\u00f3 futtat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz futtassa:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
USER node<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Tov\u00e1bbi r\u00e9szletek a dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
K\u00f6vetkez\u0151 k\u00f6tetek bekapcsol\u00e1sa<\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
A k\u00f6tetek kont\u00e9nerbe val\u00f3 bekapcsol\u00e1sakor biztos\u00edtani kell, hogy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak legyen joga olvasni \u00e9s (vagy) \u00edrni a f\u00e1jlokba. Ehhez a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 UID-ja (GID) a kont\u00e9nerben \u00e9s a kont\u00e9neren k\u00edv\u00fcli felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak, akinek megvan a megfelel\u0151 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si joga a f\u00e1jlhoz, meg kell egyeznie. A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3neveknek nincs jelent\u0151s\u00e9ge.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Gyakran egy Linux sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pen az UID \u00e9s a GID 1000-re van be\u00e1ll\u00edtva. Ezeket az azonos\u00edt\u00f3kat az els\u0151 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3j\u00e1nak tulajdon\u00edtj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Az azonos\u00edt\u00f3k felfedez\u00e9se egyszer\u0171:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
id<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00c1tfog\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t kap a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3j\u00e1r\u00f3l.
\nCser\u00e9lje ki a p\u00e9ld\u00e1kban szerepl\u0151 2000-es azonos\u00edt\u00f3t a saj\u00e1t azonos\u00edt\u00f3j\u00e1ra, \u00e9s minden rendben lesz.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak UID \u00e9s GID hozz\u00e1rendel\u00e9se<\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
Ha a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 kor\u00e1bban l\u00e9trej\u00f6tt, de sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges az azonos\u00edt\u00f3k m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1sa, akkor ezt \u00edgy teheti meg:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
RUN usermod -u 1000 node \n  && groupmod -g 1000 node\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Ha alap\u00e9rtelmezett alpine k\u00e9pet haszn\u00e1l, telep\u00edtenie kell a shadow csomagot:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
RUN apk add --no-cache shadow<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3azonos\u00edt\u00f3 \u00e1tvitele a kont\u00e9nerbe a k\u00e9p \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9sekor<\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
Ha az \u00f6n azonos\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s mindenki, aki a projekten dolgozik, megegyezik, akkor elegend\u0151 ezt az azonos\u00edt\u00f3t megadni a Dockerfile-ban. Azonban gyakran azonos\u00edt\u00f3k nem egyeznek.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A k\u00edv\u00e1nt megold\u00e1s el\u00e9r\u00e9se nem mindig vil\u00e1gos. Sz\u00e1momra ez volt a legnehezebb a Docker elsaj\u00e1t\u00edt\u00e1si folyamat\u00e1ban. Sok Docker felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 nem gondol arra, hogy a k\u00e9peknek k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 \u00e9letciklusai vannak. El\u0151sz\u00f6r a k\u00e9p \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, ehhez haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a Dockerfile-t. A kont\u00e9ner elind\u00edt\u00e1sakor a Dockerfile-t m\u00e1r nem haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1sa a k\u00e9p \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9sekor kell, hogy megt\u00f6rt\u00e9njen. Ugyanez vonatkozik arra is, hogy meg kell hat\u00e1roznunk, hogy melyik felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 alatt futnak a folyamatok. Teh\u00e1t valamilyen m\u00f3don \u00e1t kell adnunk a kont\u00e9nerbe az UID-t (GID-t).<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A k\u00fcls\u0151 v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3k haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra a Dockerfile-ban a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 direkt\u00edv\u00e1k szolg\u00e1lnak: ENV<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s\u00a0ARG<\/a><\/noindex>. A direkt\u00edv\u00e1k r\u00e9szletes \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa itt<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Dockerfile<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
ARG UID=1000\nARG GID=1000\nENV UID=${UID}\nENV GID=${GID}\nRUN usermod -u $UID node \n  && groupmod -g $GID node\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
Az argumentumokat a docker-compose seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel \u00edgy lehet \u00e1tadni:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
docker-compose<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
build:\n  context: .\/src\/backend\n  args:\n    UID: 1000\n    GID: 1000\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/p>\n
P.S. A Docker minden titk\u00e1nak elsaj\u00e1t\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz nem elegend\u0151 a dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3 vagy a cikkek olvas\u00e1sa. Sokat kell gyakorolni, \u00e9rezni kell a Dockert.<\/p>\n
Forr\u00e1s: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u043e\u043f\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442, \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u00a0\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 Docker. \u0412 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u00a0Docker. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439\u00a0\u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u00a0root \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u00a0Dockerfile. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0432\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437-\u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f root, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u00a0\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0443\u00a0\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31915","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 a Dockeren | ProHoster","description":"Andrej Kopylov, a technikai igazgat\u00f3nk, szereti, akt\u00edvan haszn\u00e1lja \u00e9s n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00edti a Dockert.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/polzovatel-v-docker","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hu_HU","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432 Docker | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0410\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u043e\u043f\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0438\u0442, \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 Docker.","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/polzovatel-v-docker","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:43:56+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:43:56+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"31915","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-01-21 08:25:21","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-03-01 03:08:10","updated":"2026-01-21 08:25:21","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31915","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31915"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31915\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31915"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31915"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31915"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}