{"id":32296,"date":"2019-10-31T21:46:12","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-4-0\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:46:12","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:46:12","slug":"vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-4-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-4-0","title":{"rendered":"A QEMU 4.0 emul\u00e1tor kiad\u00e1sa","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/lists.nongnu.org\/archive\/html\/qemu-devel\/2019-04\/msg03851.html\">Megform\u00e1lva<\/a><\/noindex>  a projekt kiad\u00e1s\u00e1t <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/wiki.qemu.org\/Download\">QEMU 4.0<\/a><\/noindex>. A QEMU emul\u00e1tork\u00e9nt lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy az egy adott hardverplatformra k\u00e9sz\u00fclt programokat teljesen elt\u00e9r\u0151 architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00fa rendszeren futtassuk, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul ARM alkalmaz\u00e1sokat x86 kompatibilis PC-n. A QEMU virtualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3s m\u00f3dj\u00e1ban a k\u00f3d v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nye az elszigetelt k\u00f6rnyezetben k\u00f6zel \u00e1ll a nat\u00edv rendszerhez, mivel k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a CPU utas\u00edt\u00e1sait hajtja v\u00e9gre, \u00e9s a Xen hypervisort vagy a KVM modult haszn\u00e1lja. <\/p>\n<p>A projektet eredetileg Fabrice Bellard ind\u00edtotta azzal a c\u00e9llal, hogy lehet\u0151s\u00e9get biztos\u00edtson az x86 platformra k\u00e9sz\u00fclt Linux v\u00e9grehajthat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlok futtat\u00e1s\u00e1ra m\u00e1s architekt\u00far\u00e1kon. A fejleszt\u00e9s \u00e9vek sor\u00e1n 14 hardver architekt\u00fara teljes emul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t adta hozz\u00e1, az emul\u00e1lt hardver eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k sz\u00e1ma meghaladta a 400-at. A 4.0 verzi\u00f3 el\u0151k\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9se sor\u00e1n t\u00f6bb mint 3100 m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1st v\u00e9geztek el 220 fejleszt\u0151t\u0151l. <\/p>\n<p>Kulcsok <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/wiki.qemu.org\/ChangeLog\/4.0\">fejleszt\u00e9sek<\/a><\/noindex>, amelyeket a QEMU 4.0-hoz adtak hozz\u00e1: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Az ARM architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00fa emul\u00e1torhoz hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott az ARMv8+ instrukci\u00f3s kiterjeszt\u00e9sek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa: SB, PredInv, HPD, LOR, FHM, AA32HPD,<br \/>\n   PAuth, JSConv, CondM, FRINT \u00e9s BTI. Hozz\u00e1adva a &#171;Musca&#187; \u00e9s &#171;MPS2&#187; platform-emul\u00e1ci\u00f3 t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa. Jav\u00edtott\u00e1k az ARM PMU (Power Management Unit) emul\u00e1ci\u00f3t. A platformhoz <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.qemu.org\/Documentation\/Platforms\/ARM#Generic_ARM_system_emulation_with_the_virt_machine\">virt<\/a><\/noindex> hozz\u00e1adva a t\u00f6bb mint 255 GB RAM haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge \u00e9s az &#171;noload&#187; t\u00edpus\u00fa u-boot k\u00e9pek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Az x86 architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00fa emul\u00e1torban, a virtualiz\u00e1ci\u00f3s gyors\u00edt\u00f3 motorban <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/intel\/haxm\">HAX<\/a><\/noindex> (Intel Hardvergyors\u00edtott V\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s) hozz\u00e1adva a POSIX-kompatibilis gazdag\u00e9pek, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Linux \u00e9s a NetBSD t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa (kor\u00e1bban csak a Darwin platformot t\u00e1mogatt\u00e1k). A Q35 (ICH9) chipk\u00e9szlet emul\u00e1tor\u00e1ban az alap PCIe portok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra opcion\u00e1lisan most m\u00e1r megadhat\u00f3 a maxim\u00e1lis sebess\u00e9g (16GT\/s) \u00e9s a kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 vonalak sz\u00e1ma (x32), amelyet a PCIe 4.0 specifik\u00e1ci\u00f3 hat\u00e1roz meg (az \u00fajabb g\u00e9pek alap\u00e9rtelmezett kompatibilit\u00e1s\u00e1nak biztos\u00edt\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a QEMU 2.5GT\/s \u00e9s x1 sebess\u00e9ggel van be\u00e1ll\u00edtva). Lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tett\u00e9k a Xen PVH k\u00e9pek bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9t &#171;-kernel&#187; opci\u00f3val;\n<li class=\"l\"> A MIPS architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00fa emul\u00e1torhoz hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott a klasszikus TCG (Tiny Code Generator) k\u00f3dgener\u00e1tor haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val multithread emul\u00e1ci\u00f3s t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s. Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott a CPU I7200 (nanoMIPS32 ISA) \u00e9s I6500 (MIPS64R6 ISA) emul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, a QMP (QEMU Management Protocol) protokollal t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 CPU t\u00edpus\u00fa k\u00e9r\u00e9sek feldolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge, valamint a SAARI \u00e9s SAAR konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s regiszterek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa. Fejlesztett\u00e9k a Fulong 2E t\u00edpus\u00fa virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pek m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t. Friss\u00edtett\u00e9k az Interthread Communication Unit megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t;\n<li class=\"l\"> A PowerPC architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00fa emul\u00e1torhoz hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott az XIVE megszak\u00edt\u00e1skezel\u0151 emul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, kib\u0151v\u00edtett\u00e9k a POWER9 t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t, a P sorozathoz pedig hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott a PCI f\u0151h\u00edd (PHB, PCI host bridge) meleg csatlakoztat\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge. Alap\u00e9rtelmezett v\u00e9delmet biztos\u00edtanak a Spectre \u00e9s Meltdown t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok ellen;\n<li class=\"l\">  A RISC-V architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00fa emul\u00e1torhoz hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott a PCI \u00e9s USB emul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa. A be\u00e9p\u00edtett hibakeres\u0151 szerverben (gdbserver) megval\u00f3s\u00edtott\u00e1k a regiszterlist\u00e1k XML f\u00e1jlokban val\u00f3 megad\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t. Hozz\u00e1ad\u00f3dott a mstatus mez\u0151k TSR, TW \u00e9s TVM t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa;\n<li class=\"l\"> Az s390 architekt\u00fara emul\u00e1tor\u00e1ba be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a z14 GA 2 CPU modell t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t, valamint a lebeg\u0151pontos sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sokhoz \u00e9s vektorm\u0171veletekhez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges utas\u00edt\u00e1s-kiterjeszt\u00e9sek emul\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t. A vfio-ap-hoz hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k az eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k hot-plug lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t;\n<li class=\"l\"> A Tensilica Xtensa CPU-k emul\u00e1tor\u00e1ban jav\u00edtott\u00e1k a SMP t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t Linuxhoz, \u00e9s hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a FLIX (Rugalmas hossz\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa utas\u00edt\u00e1s-kiterjeszt\u00e9s) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t;\n<li class=\"l\"> A grafikus fel\u00fclethez hozz\u00e1adva az &#8216;-display spice-app&#8217; opci\u00f3 a Spice t\u00e1voli hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si kliens\u00e9nek GTK-fel\u00fclethez hasonl\u00f3 elrendez\u00e9s\u00e9nek be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00e9s ind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz;\n<li class=\"l\"> A VNC-szerver megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ba be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s-ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1st a tls-authz\/sasl-authz opci\u00f3kon kereszt\u00fcl;\n<li class=\"l\"> A QMP (QEMU Management Protocol) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st kapott a k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott\/k\u00fcls\u0151 (Out-of-band) parancsok v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, \u00e9s \u00faj parancsokat val\u00f3s\u00edtottak meg a blokk eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kkel val\u00f3 munk\u00e1ra;\n<li class=\"l\"> A VFIO-ba be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k az EDID interf\u00e9sz megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t a t\u00e1mogatott mdev (Intel vGPU) eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kh\u00f6z, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a k\u00e9perny\u0151felbont\u00e1s megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s\u00e1t az xres \u00e9s yres opci\u00f3k haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val;\n<li class=\"l\"> A Xen sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra \u00faj &#8216;xen-disk&#8217; eszk\u00f6z ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra, amely \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3an l\u00e9trehozhat egy lemezb\u00e1zist a Xen PV sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra (an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy a xenstore-hoz kellene fordulni). N\u00f6velt\u00e9k a Xen PV lemezb\u00e1zis teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00e9t, \u00e9s hozz\u00e1adt\u00e1k a lemezm\u00e9ret m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t;\n<li class=\"l\"> A h\u00e1l\u00f3zati blokkeszk\u00f6z\u00f6k diagnosztikai \u00e9s nyomoz\u00e1si lehet\u0151s\u00e9gei kib\u0151v\u00fcltek, javult az NBD szerver probl\u00e9m\u00e1s megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1saival val\u00f3 kompatibilit\u00e1s. A qemu-nbd-hez hozz\u00e1adva az &#171;&#8212;bitmap&#187;, &#171;&#8212;list&#187; \u00e9s &#171;&#8212;tls-authz&#187; opci\u00f3k;\n<li class=\"l\"> Az IDE\/via emul\u00e1lt eszk\u00f6z t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st kapott a PCI IDE \u00fczemm\u00f3dban;\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva az lzfse algoritmus haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa a dmg k\u00e9pek t\u00f6m\u00f6r\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez. A qcow2 form\u00e1tumhoz hozz\u00e1adva a k\u00fcls\u0151 adatokkal rendelkez\u0151 f\u00e1jlok csatlakoztat\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa. A qcow2 kicsomagol\u00e1si m\u0171veleteit k\u00fcl\u00f6n sz\u00e1lra helyezt\u00e9k. A vmdk k\u00e9pekhez hozz\u00e1adva a &#171;blockdev-create&#187; m\u0171velet t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa;\n<li class=\"l\"> A virtio-blk blokk eszk\u00f6zben t\u00e1mogatt\u00e1k a DISCARD (blokkok felszabad\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak jelz\u00e9se) \u00e9s WRITE_ZEROES (logikai blokkok t\u00f6rl\u00e9se) m\u0171veleteket;\n<li class=\"l\"> A pvrdma eszk\u00f6zben megval\u00f3s\u00edtott\u00e1k az RDMA Management Datagram services (MAD) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t;\n<li class=\"l\"> Jelent\u0151s v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sok t\u00f6rt\u00e9ntek <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.qemu.org\/ChangeLog\/4.0#Incompatible_changes\">v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok<\/a><\/noindex>, megs\u00e9rtve a visszafel\u00e9 kompatibilit\u00e1st. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a &#171;handle&#187; opci\u00f3 helyett a &#171;-fsdev&#187; \u00e9s a &#171;-virtfs&#187; eset\u00e9ben a &#171;local&#187; vagy a &#171;proxy&#187; opci\u00f3kat kell haszn\u00e1lni. Elt\u00e1vol\u00edtott\u00e1k az &#171;-virtioconsole&#187; opci\u00f3t (helyette &#171;-device virtconsole&#187;), az &#171;-no-frame&#187;, az &#171;-clock&#187;, az &#171;-enable-hax&#187; opci\u00f3t (helyette &#171;-accel hax&#187;). Elt\u00e1vol\u00edtott\u00e1k az &#171;ivshmem&#187; eszk\u00f6zt (a &#171;ivshmem-doorbell&#187; vagy a &#171;ivshmem-plain&#187; haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t javasolj\u00e1k). Megsz\u00fcntett\u00e9k a SDL1.2-vel val\u00f3 ford\u00edt\u00e1s t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t (SDL2-t kell haszn\u00e1lni).\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50567\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 QEMU 4.0. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 QEMU \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430 x86-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041f\u041a. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 QEMU \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 QEMU.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-4-0\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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