{"id":34384,"date":"2019-10-31T21:58:01","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/vypusk-zfs-on-linux-0-8-0-realizatsii-zfs-dlya-yadra-linux\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:58:01","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:58:01","slug":"vypusk-zfs-on-linux-0-8-0-realizatsii-zfs-dlya-yadra-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-zfs-on-linux-0-8-0-realizatsii-zfs-dlya-yadra-linux","title":{"rendered":"ZFS on Linux 0.8.0 kiad\u00e1s, a ZFS megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sa a Linux kernel sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Majdnem k\u00e9t \u00e9v fejleszt\u00e9s ut\u00e1n <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/zfsonlinux.topicbox.com\/groups\/zfs-announce\/Td685d95c8216814c\/v0-8-0-released\">bemutatva<\/a><\/noindex> kiad\u00e1s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/zfsonlinux.org\/\">ZFS on Linux 0.8.0<\/a><\/noindex>, a ZFS f\u00e1jlrendszer megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sa, mint a Linux kernel modulja. A modul m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t a Linux 2.6.32 \u00e9s 5.1 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kernellel ellen\u0151rizt\u00e9k. A k\u00e9sz telep\u00edt\u0151csomagok hamarosan  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/zfsonlinux.org\/\">el k\u00e9sz\u00fclnek<\/a><\/noindex> a legnagyobb Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3khoz, bele\u00e9rtve a Debiant, Ubuntut, Fedor\u00e1t, RHEL\/CentOS-t. A ZFS on Linux modul m\u00e1r be\u00e9p\u00edtve van a Debian, Ubuntu, Gentoo, Sabayon Linux \u00e9s ALT Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3kba.<\/p>\n<p>A ZFS on Linux keret\u00e9ben megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt a ZFS \u00f6sszetev\u0151i, amelyek a f\u00e1jlrendszer m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel \u00e9s a k\u00f6tetkezel\u0151 m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9vel kapcsolatosak. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen megval\u00f3s\u00edtott\u00e1k az al\u00e1bbi \u00f6sszetev\u0151ket: SPA (Storage Pool Allocator), DMU (Data Management Unit), ZVOL (ZFS Emulated Volume) \u00e9s ZPL (ZFS POSIX Layer). Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl a projekt lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a ZFS haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t backendk\u00e9nt a Lustre klaszteres f\u00e1jlrendszerhez. A projekt fejleszt\u00e9se az OpenSolarisb\u00f3l import\u00e1lt eredeti ZFS k\u00f3d alapj\u00e1n t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, amelyet az Illumos k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9g fejleszt\u00e9sei \u00e9s jav\u00edt\u00e1sai b\u0151v\u00edtettek ki. A projekt a Livermore-i Nemzeti Laborat\u00f3rium munkat\u00e1rsainak r\u00e9szv\u00e9tel\u00e9vel fejl\u0151dik az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok Energia\u00fcgyi Miniszt\u00e9rium\u00e1nak szerz\u0151d\u00e9se alapj\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>A k\u00f3d a CDDL ny\u00edlt licenc alatt terjeszthet\u0151, amely nem kompatibilis a GPLv2-vel, \u00edgy nem lehets\u00e9ges a ZFS on Linux integr\u00e1l\u00e1sa a Linux kernel alapbranch\u00e9ba, mivel GPLv2 \u00e9s CDDL licenc alatt \u00e1ll\u00f3 k\u00f3d kever\u00e9se nem megengedett. E licenc inkompatibilit\u00e1s megker\u00fcl\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6ttek, hogy a term\u00e9ket teljes eg\u00e9sz\u00e9ben CDDL licenc alatt terjesztik, mint k\u00fcl\u00f6n let\u00f6lthet\u0151 modult, amely a kernelt\u0151l k\u00fcl\u00f6n \u00e9rkezik. A ZFS on Linux k\u00f3dalap stabilit\u00e1sa m\u00e1s Linux f\u00e1jlrendszerekhez hasonl\u00edtva \u00e9rt\u00e9kelhet\u0151. <\/p>\n<p>F\u0151bb v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Be\u00e9p\u00edtett t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s \u00e9rkezett a f\u00e1jlrendszer \u00e9s a part\u00edci\u00f3k szintj\u00e9n t\u00e1rolt adatok titkos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. Alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint az aes-256-ccm algoritmust haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k a titkos\u00edt\u00e1shoz. A titkos\u00edt\u00e1si kulcsok bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9re a \u201ezfs load-key\u201d parancs aj\u00e1nlott;\n<li class=\"l\"> Megval\u00f3sult a titkos\u00edtott adatok \u00e1tad\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge a \u201ezfs send\u201d \u00e9s a \u201ezfs receive\u201d parancsok v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n. A \u201e-w\u201d opci\u00f3 megad\u00e1sakor a medenc\u00e9ben m\u00e1r titkos\u00edtott adatok k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl egy m\u00e1sik medenc\u00e9be ker\u00fclnek \u00e1t, k\u00f6ztes dek\u00f3dol\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. Az ilyen m\u00e1sol\u00e1s sor\u00e1n az adatok a k\u00fcld\u0151 f\u00e9l kulcs\u00e1val v\u00e9dve maradnak, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve ezt a m\u00f3dot megb\u00edzhatatlan rendszerekre t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 biztons\u00e1gi ment\u00e9sre (a fogad\u00f3 f\u00e9l kompromitt\u00e1l\u00e1sa eset\u00e9n a t\u00e1mad\u00f3, aki nem ismeri a kulcsot, nem tud hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rni az adatokhoz);\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u00e1mogat\u00e1s \u00e9rkezett a t\u00e1rol\u00f3medenc\u00e9ben csatlakoztatott els\u0151dleges t\u00e1rol\u00f3k elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, ak\u00e1r k\u00fcl\u00f6n-k\u00fcl\u00f6n, ak\u00e1r t\u00fck\u00f6rk\u00e9nt. Az elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1st a \u201ezpool remove\u201d paranccsal v\u00e9gezz\u00fck. Az elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s sor\u00e1n az elt\u00e1vol\u00edtott t\u00e1rol\u00f3r\u00f3l az adatok a medenc\u00e9ben marad\u00f3 els\u0151dleges t\u00e1rol\u00f3kra m\u00e1sol\u00f3dnak;\n<li class=\"l\"> Bevezet\u00e9sre ker\u00fclt a \u201ezpool checkpoint\u201d parancs, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a medence jelenlegi \u00e1llapot\u00e1nak ment\u00e9s\u00e9t, lehet\u0151s\u00e9get adva a tov\u00e1bbi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok visszaford\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a mentett id\u0151pontra (az eg\u00e9sz medenc\u00e9r\u0151l k\u00e9sz\u00fcl egy pillanatfelv\u00e9tel). Ez a lehet\u0151s\u00e9g hasznos lehet potenci\u00e1lisan vesz\u00e9lyes, \u00f6sszetett adminisztrat\u00edv feladatok v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n, amelyek norm\u00e1l k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt visszaford\u00edthatatlan v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokhoz vezetnek (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az \u00faj ZFS funkci\u00f3k aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1sa vagy az adatok t\u00f6rl\u00e9se);\n<li class=\"l\"> Bevezet\u00e9sre ker\u00fclt a \u201ezpool trim\u201d parancs, amely t\u00e1j\u00e9koztatja a medenc\u00e9ben haszn\u00e1lt t\u00e1rol\u00f3kat azokr\u00f3l a szektorokr\u00f3l, amelyek m\u00e1r nincsenek haszn\u00e1latban. A TRIM m\u0171velet alkalmaz\u00e1sa lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az SSD t\u00e1rol\u00f3k hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1nak n\u00f6vel\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00fck degrad\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak megakad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1t. A TRIM parancsok folyamatos h\u00e1tt\u00e9rfolyamat\u00e1nak aktiv\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00faj tulajdons\u00e1got vezettek be, az \u201eautotrim\u201d-et;\n<li class=\"l\"> Bevezet\u00e9sre ker\u00fclt a \u201ezpool initialize\u201d parancs, amely az \u00f6sszes allok\u00e1latlan lemezter\u00fclet inicializ\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1\u00e9rt felel, biztos\u00edtva ezzel annak azonnali felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra val\u00f3 k\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00e9t, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny cs\u00f6kkent volna az els\u0151 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9skor (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul virtualiz\u00e1lt t\u00e1rol\u00f3k, mint a VMware VMDK elhelyez\u00e9sekor);\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a projekt szint\u0171 fi\u00f3kkezel\u00e9s \u00e9s kv\u00f3t\u00e1k t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, kieg\u00e9sz\u00edtve a kor\u00e1bban el\u00e9rhet\u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i \u00e9s csoport kv\u00f3t\u00e1kkal. Alapvet\u0151en a projektek &#8212; k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 objektumok t\u00e9rnemei egy k\u00fcl\u00f6n azonos\u00edt\u00f3val (project ID) \u00f6sszekapcsolva. A k\u00f6t\u00e9s az &#8216;chattr -p&#8217; m\u0171velettel vagy attrib\u00fatumok \u00f6r\u00f6kl\u00e9s\u00e9vel hat\u00e1rozhat\u00f3 meg. A projektek kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re a &#171;zfs project&#187; \u00e9s a &#171;zfs projectspace&#187; parancsok \u00e1llnak rendelkez\u00e9sre, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a projektek l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s a diskspace limitek be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a Lua-script l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge a ZFS k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 feladatainak automatiz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A szkriptek speci\u00e1lis elszigetelt k\u00f6rnyezetben futnak a &#171;zpool program&#187; parancs seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel;\n<li class=\"l\"> Megval\u00f3sult egy \u00faj k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/ClusterHQ\/pyzfs\">pyzfs<\/a><\/noindex>, amely stabil API-t biztos\u00edt a ZFS adminisztr\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz Python nyelv\u0171 alkalmaz\u00e1sokb\u00f3l. A k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r a libzfs_core f\u00f6l\u00e9 \u00e9p\u00fcl, \u00e9s azonos funkci\u00f3k\u00e9szletet k\u00edn\u00e1l, de Python sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra megfelel\u0151bb adatm\u00f3dokat alkalmaz;\n<li class=\"l\"> Biztos\u00edtva van az arcstat, arcsummary \u00e9s dbufstat seg\u00e9dprogramok kompatibilit\u00e1sa a Python 3-mal. Az arcstat.py, arc_summary.py \u00e9s dbufstat.py seg\u00e9dprogramok \u00e1tnevez\u00e9sre ker\u00fcltek a &#171;.py&#187; kiterjeszt\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcli v\u00e1ltozataikk\u00e1;\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a Linux kernel Direct IO (O_DIRECT) interf\u00e9sz t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az adatok el\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t pufferel\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl \u00e9s a cache megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9vel;\n<li class=\"l\"> Teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyoptimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sok ker\u00fcltek bemutat\u00e1sra:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  A &#171;scrub&#187; \u00e9s &#171;resilver&#187; parancsok munk\u00e1ja felgyorsult, a k\u00e9t f\u00e1zisra val\u00f3 feloszt\u00e1snak k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en (k\u00fcl\u00f6n f\u00e1zis lett kijel\u00f6lve a metaadatok beolvas\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s a lemezen l\u00e9v\u0151 adatok hely\u00e9nek meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ra, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az azt k\u00f6vet\u0151 ellen\u0151rz\u00e9st szekvenci\u00e1lis adatolvas\u00e1ssal);\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva az elhelyez\u00e9si oszt\u00e1lyok (Allocation classes) t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa,<br \/>\namelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a viszonylag kis SSD-meghajt\u00f3k be\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t a poolba, \u00e9s azok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t csak bizonyos gyakran haszn\u00e1lt blokkt\u00edpusok t\u00e1rol\u00e1s\u00e1ra, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a metaadatok, DDT adatok \u00e9s kis f\u00e1jlok blokkjai;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00f6velve a vez\u00e9rl\u00e9si parancsok teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00e9t, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul<br \/>\nA &#171;zfs list&#187; \u00e9s &#171;zfs get&#187; az azok m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9hez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges metaadatok gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00e1s\u00e1nak k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a blokkjel\u00f6l\u00e9s m\u0171veletek p\u00e1rhuzamos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa, a &#171;allocator&#187; k\u00fcl\u00f6n folyamatok ind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val minden metaslab csoporthoz. Norm\u00e1l rendszereken 5-10%-os teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyn\u00f6veked\u00e9s tapasztalhat\u00f3, de nagy rendszereken (8 128 GB SSD, 24 magos NUMA, 256 GB RAM) a blokkjel\u00f6l\u00e9s m\u0171veletek teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyn\u00f6veked\u00e9se el\u00e9rheti a 25%-ot;\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a &#171;resilver&#187; parancs elhalasztott v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge (adatok \u00fajra eloszt\u00e1sa a t\u00e1rol\u00f3k konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak megv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1val figyelembe v\u00e9ve) &#8212; ha az \u00faj m\u0171velet ind\u00edt\u00e1sakor a kor\u00e1bbi m\u00e9g nem fejez\u0151d\u00f6tt be, az \u00faj feldolgoz\u00f3 csak a kor\u00e1bbi befejez\u00e9se ut\u00e1n kezd el v\u00e9grehajtani;\n<li class=\"l\"> Az ZIL (ZFS Intent Log) napl\u00f3ba optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sok ker\u00fcltek, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik blokkok l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s feldolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1t, mik\u00f6zben a t\u00e1rol\u00f3 m\u00e9g m\u00e1s blokkokat dolgoz fel;\n<li class=\"l\"> Cs\u00f6kkentve lett a zvol-ok rendszerbe val\u00f3 regisztr\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak ideje. Amikor a t\u00e1roz\u00f3 sok zvol-t tartalmaz, azok most azonnal el\u00e9rhet\u0151k a &#171;zpool import&#187; v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n;\n<li class=\"l\"> Hozz\u00e1adva a SHA256 hash sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e9s AES-GSM titkos\u00edt\u00e1si m\u0171veletek hardveres gyors\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa Intel QAT (Quick Assist Technology) chip t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1val. Hozz\u00e1adva az Intel C62x chipset \u00e9s Atom C3000 CPU hardveres gyors\u00edt\u00f3 eszk\u00f6zeinek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa.\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50730\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 ZFS on Linux 0.8.0, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b ZFS, \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 Linux c 2.6.32 \u043f\u043e 5.1. \u0413\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 Linux, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, RHEL\/CentOS. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c ZFS on Linux \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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