{"id":35296,"date":"2019-10-31T22:03:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/predstavlena-novaya-tehnika-skrytoj-identifikatsii-sistemy-i-brauzera\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:03:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:03:29","slug":"predstavlena-novaya-tehnika-skrytoj-identifikatsii-sistemy-i-brauzera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/predstavlena-novaya-tehnika-skrytoj-identifikatsii-sistemy-i-brauzera","title":{"rendered":"Bemutatkozott egy \u00faj technika a rendszer \u00e9s a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151 rejtett azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A kutat\u00f3csoport a gr\u00e1ci m\u0171szaki egyetemr\u0151l (Ausztria), amely kor\u00e1bban t\u00e1mad\u00e1si m\u00f3dszerek kidolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1val foglalkozott, MDS<\/a><\/noindex>, NetSpectre<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s Throwhammer<\/a><\/noindex>, felfedte<\/a><\/noindex> inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt az \u00faj, k\u00fcls\u0151 csatorn\u00e1k elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 technik\u00e1r\u00f3l, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a haszn\u00e1lt b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151 pontos verzi\u00f3j\u00e1nak, az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszernek, a CPU architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1nak \u00e9s a rejtett azonos\u00edt\u00e1s elleni kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151k alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1nak meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1t. <\/p>\n

A megadott param\u00e9terek meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz elegend\u0151 a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151ben a kutat\u00f3k \u00e1ltal el\u0151k\u00e9sz\u00edtett JavaScript k\u00f3d futtat\u00e1sa. A gyakorlatban a m\u00f3dszer nemcsak tov\u00e1bbi forr\u00e1sk\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 k\u00f6zvetett azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra, hanem a c\u00e9lzott exploitok rendszerk\u00f6rnyezet-param\u00e9tereinek meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ra is, figyelembe v\u00e9ve az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert, az architekt\u00far\u00e1t \u00e9s a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151t. A m\u00f3dszer hat\u00e9kony, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt rejtett azonos\u00edt\u00e1s megakad\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 mechanizmusokat, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Tor Browser haszn\u00e1lata eset\u00e9n is. A m\u00f3dszer protot\u00edpus\u00e1nak k\u00f3dj\u00e1nak forr\u00e1sai megjelentek<\/a><\/noindex> MIT licenc alatt \u00e1ll.<\/p>\n

A meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s a JavaScript-ben tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151kh\u00f6z tartoz\u00f3 \u00e1llapot-jellemz\u0151k mint\u00e1inak kiemel\u00e9s\u00e9n \u00e9s a JIT, CPU \u00e9s mem\u00f3riaallok\u00e1ci\u00f3s mechanizmusok m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t\u0151l f\u00fcgg\u0151 m\u0171veletek v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si idej\u00e9nek jellemz\u0151in alapul. A jellemz\u0151k meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1sa \u00fagy t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, hogy gener\u00e1lj\u00e1k az \u00f6sszes, a JavaScript-b\u0151l el\u00e9rhet\u0151 objektum list\u00e1j\u00e1t. Kider\u00fclt, hogy az objektumok sz\u00e1ma k\u00f6zvetlen korrel\u00e1ci\u00f3ban \u00e1ll a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151motorral \u00e9s annak verzi\u00f3j\u00e1val. <\/p>\n

function getProperties(o) {
\n var result = [];
\n while (o !== null) {
\n result = result.concat(Reflect.ownKeys(o));
\n o = Object.getPrototypeOf(o);
\n }
\n return result;
\n }<\/p>\n

P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Firefox eset\u00e9ben a dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3 2247 tulajdons\u00e1g t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t jelzi, m\u00edg a val\u00f3s, a dokument\u00e1latlanokat is figyelembe vev\u0151 tulajdons\u00e1gok sz\u00e1ma 15709 (a Tor B\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151ben 15639). A Chrome eset\u00e9ben 2698 tulajdons\u00e1got jelentettek, de a val\u00f3s\u00e1gban 13570-et k\u00edn\u00e1l (a Chrome Android v\u00e1ltozat\u00e1ban 13119-et). A tulajdons\u00e1gok sz\u00e1ma \u00e9s \u00e9rt\u00e9kei verzi\u00f3nk\u00e9nt \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerek haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val v\u00e1ltoznak. <\/p>\n

A tulajdons\u00e1gok \u00e9rt\u00e9kei \u00e9s megl\u00e9te felhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer t\u00edpus\u00e1nak meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ra. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul Kubuntuban a window.innerWidth 1000 \u00e9rt\u00e9kre van \u00e1ll\u00edtva, m\u00edg Windows 10-ben 1001-re. Windows alatt el\u00e9rhet\u0151 a window.navigator.activeVRDisplays tulajdons\u00e1g, m\u00edg Linuxon nem. Androidon sz\u00e1mos specifikus h\u00edv\u00e1s \u00e9rhet\u0151 el, de itt nincs window.SharedWorker. Az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra javasolt a WebGL param\u00e9terek elemz\u00e9se is, amelyek \u00e1llapota a meghajt\u00f3kt\u00f3l f\u00fcgg. Ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl a WEBGL_debug_renderer_info kiterjeszt\u00e9s h\u00edv\u00e1sa lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az OpenGL rajzol\u00f3 motor inform\u00e1ci\u00f3inak megszerz\u00e9s\u00e9t, amely minden oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer eset\u00e9ben k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151. <\/p>\n

A CPU azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 tipikus k\u00f3dblokk fut\u00e1sidej\u00e9nek elt\u00e9r\u00e9seinek \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9t alkalmazz\u00e1k, amely a parancsk\u00e9szlet architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1t\u00f3l \u00e9s a JIT viselked\u00e9s\u00e9t\u0151l f\u00fcgg (meghat\u00e1rozza, hogy h\u00e1ny CPU regiszter ker\u00fcl bevon\u00e1sra, \u00e9s mely esetekben gener\u00e1l JIT hat\u00e9kony k\u00f3dot optimaliz\u00e1ci\u00f3kkal \u00e9s kiterjesztett utas\u00edt\u00e1sok bevon\u00e1s\u00e1val, valamint mikor nem). A mem\u00f3riaeloszt\u00e1si rendszer t\u00edpusa \u00e9s az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a mem\u00f3ria k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 strukt\u00far\u00e1ihoz t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 allok\u00e1l\u00e1s id\u0151elt\u00e9r\u00e9seit is m\u00e9rik, amelyekb\u0151l a mem\u00f3ria blokkjainak m\u00e9ret\u00e9re lehet k\u00f6vetkeztetni. <\/p>\n

A szkript fut\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n defini\u00e1lt param\u00e9terek \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sra ker\u00fclnek a el\u0151re tesztelt k\u00f6rnyezetek jellegzetes \u00e9rt\u00e9keivel. A fel\u00fclvizsg\u00e1lat sor\u00e1n a kidolgozott technika lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette 40 k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 tesztk\u00f6rnyezet pontos azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, meghat\u00e1rozva a haszn\u00e1lt b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151k verzi\u00f3j\u00e1t, a CPU gy\u00e1rt\u00f3j\u00e1t, az alkalmazott oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert \u00e9s azt, hogy val\u00f3s hardveren vagy virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pen fut-e.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcl\u00f6n kiemelend\u0151 a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyek \u00e9s ak\u00e1r a b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyek egyes be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sainak azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge, bele\u00e9rtve az olyan b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyeket, amelyek a rejtett azonos\u00edt\u00e1si m\u00f3dszerek blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra vagy a priv\u00e1t b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u00e9si m\u00f3d m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1lnak. A javasolt m\u00f3dszer kontextus\u00e1ban az ilyen b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyek tov\u00e1bbi adatforr\u00e1ss\u00e1 v\u00e1lnak az azonos\u00edt\u00e1shoz. A b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyek az alap k\u00f6rnyezet param\u00e9tereinek torz\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9vel azonos\u00edthat\u00f3k, amelyeket a b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyek okoznak.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1s azonos\u00edt\u00e1si m\u00f3dszerek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt eml\u00edt\u00e9st nyernek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 k\u00f6zvetett adatok figyelembev\u00e9tel\u00e9nek lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge: a k\u00e9perny\u0151 felbont\u00e1sa<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00e1mogatott MIME-t\u00edpusok list\u00e1ja, specifikus param\u00e9terek a fejl\u00e9cben (HTTP\/2<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s HTTPS<\/a><\/noindex>), a telep\u00edtett b\u0151v\u00edtm\u00e9nyek \u00e9s bet\u0171t\u00edpusok elemz\u00e9se<\/a><\/noindex>, bizonyos Web API-k el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9ge, grafikus k\u00e1rty\u00e1kra specifikus jellemz\u0151i<\/a><\/noindex> WebGL seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel k\u00e9sz\u00edtett rajzok \u00e9s Canvas<\/a><\/noindex>, manipul\u00e1ci\u00f3k<\/a><\/noindex> CSS-sel, m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gok elemz\u00e9se haszn\u00e1lati szok\u00e1sa,<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s eg\u00e9r<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Bemutat\u00e1sra ker\u00fclt egy \u00faj rejtett azonos\u00edt\u00e1si technika a rendszer \u00e9s a b\u00f6ng\u00e9sz\u0151 azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra | ProHoster","description":"A kutat\u00f3csoport a gr\u00e1ci m\u0171szaki egyetemr\u0151l (Ausztria), amely kor\u00e1bban t\u00e1mad\u00e1si m\u00f3dszerek kidolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1val 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