{"id":36271,"date":"2019-10-31T22:10:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:10:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:10:36","slug":"uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej","title":{"rendered":"Sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a BMC-vez\u00e9rl\u0151k firmware-j\u00e1ban, amely sz\u00e1mos gy\u00e1rt\u00f3 szervereit \u00e9rinti","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Eclypsium c\u00e9g felt\u00e1rta<\/a><\/noindex> K\u00e9t sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a Lenovo ThinkServer szerverekhez sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott BMC vez\u00e9rl\u0151k firmware-j\u00e9ben, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a helyi felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a firmware manipul\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t vagy tetsz\u0151leges k\u00f3d v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t a BMC chip oldal\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

A tov\u00e1bbi elemz\u00e9s azt mutatta, hogy ezek a probl\u00e9m\u00e1k a Gigabyte Enterprise Servers szerverplatformok BMC vez\u00e9rl\u0151inek firmware-j\u00e9t is \u00e9rintik, amelyeket olyan c\u00e9gek haszn\u00e1lnak, mint az Acer, AMAX, Bigtera, Ciara, Penguin Computing \u00e9s sysGen. A probl\u00e9m\u00e1s BMC vez\u00e9rl\u0151kben sebezhet\u0151 MergePoint EMS firmware-t haszn\u00e1ltak, amelyet a k\u00fcls\u0151 besz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3, az Avocent (jelenleg a Vertiv le\u00e1nyv\u00e1llalata) fejlesztett ki. <\/p>\n

Az els\u0151 sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a let\u00f6lt\u00f6tt firmware friss\u00edt\u00e9sek kriptogr\u00e1fiai ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9nek hi\u00e1ny\u00e1b\u00f3l ad\u00f3dik (csak CRC32 ellen\u0151rz\u00e9st haszn\u00e1lnak, a NIST digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1sok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val szemben), ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, aki helyi hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9ssel rendelkezik a rendszerhez, hogy manipul\u00e1lja a BMC firmware-t. A probl\u00e9ma p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul felhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 rootkit m\u00e9ly integr\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1ra, amely akt\u00edv marad az oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer \u00fajratelep\u00edt\u00e9se ut\u00e1n \u00e9s blokkolja a firmware k\u00e9s\u0151bbi friss\u00edt\u00e9seit (a rootkit elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz SPI flash \u00fajra\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1hoz programoz\u00f3ra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g). aj\u00e1nl\u00e1sainkat<\/a><\/noindex> A m\u00e1sodik sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a firmware friss\u00edt\u0151 k\u00f3dj\u00e1ban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi saj\u00e1t parancsok behelyettes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t, amelyeket a BMC legmagasabb jogosults\u00e1gi szintj\u00e9n fognak v\u00e9grehajtani. A t\u00e1mad\u00e1shoz elegend\u0151 m\u00f3dos\u00edtani a RemoteFirmwareImageFilePath param\u00e9ter \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t a bmcfwu.cfg konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s f\u00e1jlban, amely meghat\u00e1rozza a friss\u00edtend\u0151 firmware k\u00e9p \u00fatj\u00e1t. A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 friss\u00edt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n, amelyet IPMI parancs ind\u00edthat el, ezt a param\u00e9tert a BMC feldolgozza \u00e9s felhaszn\u00e1lja a popen() h\u00edv\u00e1s r\u00e9szek\u00e9nt a \/bin\/sh parancs sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Mivel a shell parancs l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a snprintf() h\u00edv\u00e1s\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k megfelel\u0151 speci\u00e1lis karakterek tiszt\u00edt\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl, a t\u00e1mad\u00f3k saj\u00e1t k\u00f3djukat behelyettes\u00edthetik a v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sra. A sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g kihaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, hogy jogosults\u00e1gokkal rendelkezzenek, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a BMC vez\u00e9rl\u0151nek IPMI parancs k\u00fcld\u00e9s\u00e9t (adminisztr\u00e1tori jogokkal a szerveren az IPMI parancsot tov\u00e1bbi hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl lehet k\u00fcldeni).<\/p>\n

A m\u00e1sodik sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a firmware friss\u00edt\u0151 k\u00f3dj\u00e1ban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi saj\u00e1t parancsok behelyettes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t, amelyeket a BMC legmagasabb jogosults\u00e1gi szintj\u00e9n fognak v\u00e9grehajtani. A t\u00e1mad\u00e1shoz elegend\u0151 m\u00f3dos\u00edtani a RemoteFirmwareImageFilePath param\u00e9ter \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t a bmcfwu.cfg konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s f\u00e1jlban, amely meghat\u00e1rozza a friss\u00edtend\u0151 firmware k\u00e9p \u00fatj\u00e1t. A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 friss\u00edt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n, amelyet IPMI parancs ind\u00edthat el, ezt a param\u00e9tert a BMC feldolgozza \u00e9s felhaszn\u00e1lja a popen() h\u00edv\u00e1s r\u00e9szek\u00e9nt a \/bin\/sh parancs sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Mivel a shell parancs l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz a snprintf() h\u00edv\u00e1s\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k megfelel\u0151 speci\u00e1lis karakterek tiszt\u00edt\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl, a t\u00e1mad\u00f3k saj\u00e1t k\u00f3djukat behelyettes\u00edthetik a v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sra. A sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g kihaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, hogy jogosults\u00e1gokkal rendelkezzenek, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a BMC vez\u00e9rl\u0151nek IPMI parancs k\u00fcld\u00e9s\u00e9t (adminisztr\u00e1tori jogokkal a szerveren az IPMI parancsot tov\u00e1bbi hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl lehet k\u00fcldeni).<\/p>\n

A Gigabyte \u00e9s a Lenovo c\u00e9gek 2018 j\u00falius\u00e1ban \u00e9rtes\u00fcltek a probl\u00e9m\u00e1kr\u00f3l, \u00e9s m\u00e9g a nyilv\u00e1nos bejelent\u00e9s el\u0151tt kiadt\u00e1k a friss\u00edt\u00e9seket. A Lenovo c\u00e9g kiadta<\/a><\/noindex> november 15-\u00e9n firmware-friss\u00edt\u00e9seket adott ki a ThinkServer RD340, TD340, RD440, RD540 \u00e9s RD640 szerverekhez, de csak azokat a sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9geket h\u00e1r\u00edtotta el, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tett\u00e9k a parancsok besz\u00far\u00e1s\u00e1t, mivel a MergePoint EMS alap\u00fa szerverek 2014-es megalkot\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n m\u00e9g nem volt elterjedt a firmware-ek digit\u00e1lis al\u00e1\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1nak ellen\u0151rz\u00e9se, \u00e9s eredetileg nem is ker\u00fclt bejelent\u00e9sre.<\/p>\n

Id\u00e9n m\u00e1jus 8-\u00e1n a Gigabyte kiadta a friss\u00edt\u00e9seket az ASPEED AST2500 vez\u00e9rl\u0151vel rendelkez\u0151 alaplapokhoz, de mint a Lenovo, \u0151k is csak a parancsok besz\u00far\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatos sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9get h\u00e1r\u00edtotta el. Az ASPEED AST2400 alap\u00fa sebezhet\u0151 lapok egyel\u0151re friss\u00edt\u00e9sek n\u00e9lk\u00fcl maradnak. A Gigabyte szint\u00e9n bejelentette<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e1t\u00e1ll a MegaRAC SP-X firmware-ekre az AMI c\u00e9gt\u0151l. Az \u00faj MegaRAC SP-X alap\u00fa firmware-eket kor\u00e1bban MergePoint EMS firmware-ral sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott rendszerekhez is felk\u00edn\u00e1lj\u00e1k. Ezt a d\u00f6nt\u00e9st a Vertiv nyilatkozata ut\u00e1n hozt\u00e1k, amelyben bejelentett\u00e9k a MergePoint EMS platform t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1nak le\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t. Jelenleg nincs h\u00edr a Gigabyte alap\u00fa lapokat haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 Acer, AMAX, Bigtera, Ciara, Penguin Computing \u00e9s sysGen c\u00e9gek \u00e1ltal gy\u00e1rtott szerverek firmware-friss\u00edt\u00e9seir\u0151l, amelyek sebezhet\u0151 MergePoint EMS firmware-rel rendelkeznek.<\/p>\n

Ne feledj\u00fck, hogy a BMC egy speci\u00e1lis vez\u00e9rl\u0151, amely a szerverekbe van integr\u00e1lva, saj\u00e1t CPU-val, mem\u00f3ri\u00e1val, t\u00e1rol\u00f3val \u00e9s \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151i interf\u00e9szekkel rendelkezik, \u00e9s alacsony szint\u0171 fel\u00fcletet biztos\u00edt a szerverhardverek fel\u00fcgyelet\u00e9re \u00e9s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re. A BMC seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl a szerveren fut\u00f3 oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszert\u0151l nyomon k\u00f6vethet\u0151 az \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k \u00e1llapota, kezelhet\u0151 a t\u00e1pell\u00e1t\u00e1s, a firmware \u00e9s a merevlemezek, t\u00e1voli h\u00e1l\u00f3zati ind\u00edt\u00e1s v\u00e9gezhet\u0151, valamint t\u00e1voli hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s konzola biztos\u00edthat\u00f3 stb.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Forr\u00e1s: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Eclypsium \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 BMC-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 Lenovo ThinkServer, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u043f\u0430 BMC. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438 BMC-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445 Gigabyte Enterprise Servers, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u043a Acer, AMAX, Bigtera, Ciara, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g a BMC-vez\u00e9rl\u0151k firmware-eiben, amely t\u00f6bb gy\u00e1rt\u00f3 szervereit \u00e9rinti | ProHoster","description":"Az Eclypsium c\u00e9g k\u00e9t sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9get fedezett fel a BMC-vez\u00e9rl\u0151 firmware-eiben.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-proshivkah-bmc-kontrollerov-zatragivayushhaya-servery-mnogih-proizvoditelej","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"hu_HU","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 BMC-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b 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