{"id":36602,"date":"2019-10-31T22:12:37","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/epos-o-sistemnyh-administratorah-kak-vymirayushhem-vide\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:12:37","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:12:37","slug":"epos-o-sistemnyh-administratorah-kak-vymirayushhem-vide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/epos-o-sistemnyh-administratorah-kak-vymirayushhem-vide","title":{"rendered":"A rendszergazd\u00e1k eposza mint kihal\u00f3 m\u0171faj.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A rendszeradminisztr\u00e1torok vil\u00e1gszerte, gratul\u00e1lunk a szakmai \u00fcnnep\u00fckh\u00f6z!<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1lunk m\u00e1r nincsenek rendszeradminisztr\u00e1torok (majdnem). Azonban a r\u00f3luk sz\u00f3l\u00f3 t\u00f6rt\u00e9netek m\u00e9g frissen \u00e9lnek. Az \u00fcnnep tisztelet\u00e9re elk\u00e9sz\u00edtett\u00fck ezt az eposzt. Foglaljatok helyet k\u00e9nyelmesen, kedves olvas\u00f3k.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A rendszergazd\u00e1k eposza mint kihal\u00f3 m\u0171faj.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/33498c7af4e84e087ab11e3725131011.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nEgyszer r\u00e9gen a Dodo IS vil\u00e1ga l\u00e1ngokban \u00e1llt. Abban a s\u00f6t\u00e9t id\u0151ben a rendszeradminisztr\u00e1toraink f\u0151 feladat\u00e1nak az volt, hogy t\u00fal\u00e9ljenek m\u00e9g egy napot, \u00e9s ne s\u00edrjanak. <\/p>\n<p>R\u00e9gen a programoz\u00f3k lassan \u00e9s keveset \u00edrtak k\u00f3dot, \u00e9s hetente egyszer tett\u00e9k k\u00f6zz\u00e9 azt. \u00cdgy a probl\u00e9m\u00e1k is csak h\u00e9tnaponta jelentkeztek. De azt\u00e1n t\u00f6bb k\u00f3dot kezdtek el \u00edrni, \u00e9s gyakrabban tett\u00e9k k\u00f6zz\u00e9, a probl\u00e9m\u00e1k is megszaporodtak, n\u00e9ha minden sz\u00e9tesett, \u00e9s a vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s is nehezebb\u00e9 v\u00e1lt. A rendszeradminisztr\u00e1torok szenvedtek, de elviselt\u00e9k ezt a k\u00e1oszt. <\/p>\n<p>Otthon \u00fccs\u00f6r\u00f6gtek est\u00e9ken szorong\u00e1ssal a sz\u00edv\u00fckben. \u00c9s minden alkalommal megt\u00f6rt\u00e9nt az, hogy \"soha nem volt, \u00e9s \u00edme megint a monitoroz\u00e1s seg\u00edts\u00e9get k\u00e9r: Haver, a vil\u00e1g l\u00e1ngokban \u00e1ll!\". Akkor a mi rendszergazd\u00e1ink felvett\u00e9k a piros k\u00f6peny\u00fcket, a nadr\u00e1got a leggings\u00fck f\u00f6l\u00e9, g\u00f6nd\u00f6r f\u00fcrt\u00f6ket csin\u00e1ltak a homlokukra, \u00e9s rep\u00fcltek megmenteni a Dodo vil\u00e1g\u00e1t. <\/p>\n<p>Figyelem, egy kis magyar\u00e1zat. Klasszikus rendszeradminisztr\u00e1torok, akik a hardverekkel foglalkoznak, a Dodo IS-ben sosem voltak. N\u00e1lunk azonnal a fejlett Azure felh\u0151k voltak. <\/p>\n<p>Mivel is foglalkoztak:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ha valami elromlott, megoldott\u00e1k, hogy m\u0171k\u00f6dj\u00f6n;<\/li>\n<li>szak\u00e9rt\u0151 szinten zsongl\u0151rk\u00f6dtek a szerverekkel;<\/li>\n<li>felel\u0151sek voltak az Azure virtu\u00e1lis h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00e1\u00e9rt; <\/li>\n<li>felel\u0151sek voltak az alacsony szint\u0171 dolgok\u00e9rt, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a komponensek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1sok\u00e9rt (*suttogva* amikben n\u00e9ha semmit nem tudtak);<\/li>\n<li>a szerverek \u00fajra csatlakoztat\u00e1s\u00e1val;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9s sok m\u00e1s \u0151r\u00fclts\u00e9ggel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA kiberv\u00e9delemmel foglalkoz\u00f3 m\u00e9rn\u00f6k csapat \u00e9lete (\u00edgy nevezt\u00fck a rendszergazd\u00e1inkat) akkor a t\u0171zolt\u00e1sb\u00f3l \u00e9s az \u00e1lland\u00f3an hib\u00e1s tesztk\u00f6rnyezetekb\u0151l \u00e1llt. \u00c9ltek \u00e9s szenvedtek, majd elhat\u00e1rozt\u00e1k, hogy elkezdenek gondolkodni: mi\u00e9rt is olyan rossz, tal\u00e1n tudn\u00e1nk jobbat csin\u00e1lni? P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul nem k\u00e9ne a programoz\u00f3kat \u00e9s a rendszergazd\u00e1kat elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edteni?<\/p>\n<h2>Feladat <\/h2>\n<p>\n<b>Adott:<\/b> van egy rendszergazda, akinek a felel\u0151ss\u00e9gi k\u00f6r\u00e9ben a szerverek, egy h\u00e1l\u00f3zat, amely \u00f6sszek\u00f6ti m\u00e1s szerverekkel, valamint az infrastrukt\u00fara szint\u0171 programok (webszerver, amely az alkalmaz\u00e1st hosztolja, adatb\u00e1zis-kezel\u0151 rendszer stb.) tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. \u00c9s van egy programoz\u00f3, akinek a felel\u0151ss\u00e9ge a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 k\u00f3d. <\/p>\n<p>Viszont vannak dolgok, amelyek a hat\u00e1ron helyezkednek el. Ki\u00e9 is lesz ez a felel\u0151ss\u00e9g? <\/p>\n<p>\u00c1ltal\u00e1ban itt a hat\u00e1ron tal\u00e1lkoztak a rendszergazd\u00e1ink \u00e9s programoz\u00f3ink, \u00e9s kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt: <\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Fi\u00fak, semmi sem m\u0171k\u00f6dik, val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg az infrastrukt\u00fara miatt.<br \/>\n\u2013 Fi\u00fak, dehogy, a k\u00f3d a hib\u00e1s. <\/p>\n<p>Egyszer ezen a pillanaton egy ker\u00edt\u00e9s kezdett n\u00f6vekedni k\u00f6z\u00f6tt\u00fck, amin kereszt\u00fcl boldogan dob\u00e1lt\u00e1k a sz\u00e9klettel telt \u00fczeneteket. A feladatot, mint egy kupac szart, egyik oldalr\u00f3l a m\u00e1sikra dob\u00e1lt\u00e1k. Ek\u00f6zben senki sem k\u00f6zel\u00edtett a helyzet megold\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. Szomor\u00fa mosoly.<\/p>\n<p>A nap f\u00e9nye \u00e1tsz\u00farta a borong\u00f3s eget, amikor n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt a Google-n\u00e1l kital\u00e1lt\u00e1k, hogy a feladatokat ne dob\u00e1lj\u00e1k egym\u00e1snak, hanem ink\u00e1bb k\u00f6z\u00f6s munk\u00e1t v\u00e9gezzenek. <\/p>\n<h2>Mi lenne, ha mindent k\u00f3dk\u00e9nt \u00edrn\u00e1nk le? <\/h2>\n<p>\n2016-ban a Google kiadott egy kis k\u00f6nyvet az \u201eSite Reliability Engineering\u201d c\u00edmmel, amely a rendszergazda szerep\u00e9nek \u00e1talakul\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l sz\u00f3l: a var\u00e1zsl\u00f3 mesterekb\u0151l a szoftverhaszn\u00e1lat \u00e9s automatiz\u00e1l\u00e1s form\u00e1lis m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re. \u0150k maguk \u00e1tmentek minden neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gen \u00e9s akad\u00e1lyon, megtanult\u00e1k a dolgokat, \u00e9s \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6ttek, hogy megosztj\u00e1k ezt a vil\u00e1ggal. A k\u00f6nyv nyilv\u00e1nos hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s\u0171. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/landing.google.com\/sre\/books\/\">itt<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p>A k\u00f6nyvben egyszer\u0171 igazs\u00e1gok tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>mindent k\u00f3dk\u00e9nt csin\u00e1lni \u2013 j\u00f3;<\/li>\n<li>m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9st haszn\u00e1lni \u2013 j\u00f3;<\/li>\n<li>j\u00f3 megfigyel\u00e9seket v\u00e9gezni \u2013 j\u00f3;<\/li>\n<li>nem szabad engedni, hogy a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s kiadja mag\u00e1t, ha nincs \u00e9rthet\u0151 napl\u00f3z\u00e1sa \u00e9s megfigyel\u00e9se \u2013 ez is j\u00f3. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nEzeket a gyakorlatokat elolvasta Gleb\u00fcnk (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/users\/entropy\/\" class=\"user_link\">entropy<\/a><\/noindex>), \u00e9s beindult. Megval\u00f3s\u00edtjuk! Jelenleg egy \u00e1tmeneti szakaszban vagyunk. A SRE csapat megalakult (van 6 k\u00e9sz szakember, tov\u00e1bbi 6-on onboarding folyamat zajlik), \u00e9s k\u00e9szen \u00e1llunk megv\u00e1ltoztatni a k\u00f3d teljes vil\u00e1g\u00e1t a jobb ir\u00e1nyba.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dagy \u00e9p\u00edtj\u00fck fel az infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1nkat, hogy lehet\u0151s\u00e9get adjunk a fejleszt\u0151knek, hogy teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3an kezelj\u00e9k a k\u00f6rnyezet\u00fcket \u00e9s egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6djenek a SRE-vel.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00e1gyakozunk a k\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9sek helyett<\/h2>\n<p>\nA rendszergazda \u2013 egy m\u00e9lt\u00f3 szakma. De a rendszerszint\u0171 ismeretekhez kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 szoftverm\u00e9rn\u00f6ki k\u00e9szs\u00e9gek is sz\u00fcks\u00e9gesek. <\/p>\n<p>A rendszerek egyre egyszer\u0171bb\u00e9 v\u00e1lnak, \u00e9s a szuper egyedi ismeretek a vas szerverek adminisztr\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l \u00e9vr\u0151l \u00e9vre egyre kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 keresettek. A felh\u0151alap\u00fa technol\u00f3gi\u00e1k kiszor\u00edtj\u00e1k e tud\u00e1s sz\u00fcks\u00e9gess\u00e9g\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<p>A j\u00f3 rendszergazd\u00e1nak a k\u00f6zelj\u00f6v\u0151ben el\u00e9g j\u00f3 szoftverm\u00e9rn\u00f6ki k\u00e9szs\u00e9gekkel kell rendelkeznie. M\u00e9g jobb, ha j\u00f3 ismeretekkel b\u00edr ezen a ter\u00fcleten.<\/p>\n<p>Senki sem tudja megj\u00f3solni a j\u00f6v\u0151t, am\u00edg el nem j\u00f6n, de \u00fagy v\u00e9lj\u00fck, hogy id\u0151vel egyre kevesebb olyan c\u00e9g lesz, amely v\u00e9gtelen\u00fcl n\u00f6velni akarja a rendszeradminisztr\u00e1torok had\u00e1t. Persze, n\u00e9h\u00e1nyan az\u00e9rt megmaradnak. Ma m\u00e1r kevesen j\u00e1rnak l\u00f3val, a t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g aut\u00f3t haszn\u00e1l, de vannak, akik ragaszkodnak az \u0151si hagyom\u00e1nyokhoz... <\/p>\n<p>Mindenkinek boldog Rendszergazda napot, k\u00f3dot mindenkinek!<br \/>\n<br \/>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dodopizzaio\/blog\/461447\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c! \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c (\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438). \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u043e. \u0412 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0441. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438. Once upon a time \u043c\u0438\u0440 Dodo IS \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432 \u043e\u0433\u043d\u0435. \u0412 \u0442\u043e \u0442\u0451\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27407,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c! 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