{"id":37407,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/esp8266-upravlenie-cherez-internet-po-protokolu-mqtt\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","slug":"esp8266-upravlenie-cherez-internet-po-protokolu-mqtt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/esp8266-upravlenie-cherez-internet-po-protokolu-mqtt","title":{"rendered":"Esp8266 internetes vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s MQTT protokollal","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Esp8266
\n Hell\u00f3 mindenkinek! Ebben a cikkben r\u00e9szletesen bemutat\u00e1sra ker\u00fcl, hogy hogyan lehet mind\u00f6ssze 20 perc szabadid\u0151 alatt be\u00e1ll\u00edtani az esp8266 modul t\u00e1voli vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9t Android alkalmaz\u00e1son kereszt\u00fcl az MQTT protokoll haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val.<\/p>\n

A t\u00e1voli vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s \u00e9s megfigyel\u00e9s \u00f6tlete mindig is izgatott olyan emberek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben, akik \u00e9rdekl\u0151dnek az elektronika \u00e9s a programoz\u00e1s ir\u00e1nt. Az a lehet\u0151s\u00e9g, hogy b\u00e1rmikor megkaphassuk vagy elk\u00fcldhess\u00fck a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges adatokat, f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl a tart\u00f3zkod\u00e1si hely\u00fcnkt\u0151l, sz\u00e9les lehet\u0151s\u00e9geket ny\u00fajt. Az el\u0151z\u0151 cikkeimben ( Cikk 1<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s Cikk 2<\/a><\/noindex>) m\u00e1r pr\u00f3b\u00e1ltam megvizsg\u00e1lni n\u00e9h\u00e1ny el\u00e9rhet\u0151 \u00e9s viszonylag egyszer\u0171 megold\u00e1st a mikrokontroller t\u00e1voli vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9nek interneten kereszt\u00fcli megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Azonban az id\u0151 \u00e9s a vil\u00e1g nem \u00e1ll meg \u2013 a fejl\u0151d\u00e9s folyamatosan nem sz\u0171n\u0151 iramban halad el\u0151re. E r\u00f6vid id\u0151 alatt a modul, az esp8266, sz\u00e9les n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9gnek \u00f6rvendett, mivel alacsony \u00e1ra \u00e9s be\u00e9p\u00edtett Wi-Fi r\u00e9v\u00e9n a \u201eOkos Otthon\u201d egyik f\u0151 alkot\u00f3elem\u00e9v\u00e9 v\u00e1lt.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nJelenleg az MQTT a legmodernebb \u00e9s legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb protokoll az adatok \u00e1tad\u00e1s\u00e1ra az egyes eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az \u201eOkos Otthon\u201d rendszerek keretein bel\u00fcl. Sz\u00e1mos el\u0151nnyel rendelkezik m\u00e1s protokollokkal szemben:
\n \u2014 alacsony adatforgalom-ig\u00e9ny;
\n \u2014 a kapcsolat a kliens \u00e9s a szerver k\u00f6z\u00f6tt mindig nyitva \u00e1ll;
\n \u2014 nem terheli az internetcsatorn\u00e1t;
\n \u2014 adat\u00e1tvitel k\u00e9sedelem n\u00e9lk\u00fcl;
\n \u2014 k\u00e9nyelmes rendszere van a t\u00e9m\u00e1kra val\u00f3 feliratkoz\u00e1snak;
\n Mindez lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a val\u00f3s idej\u0171 megfigyel\u00e9st \u00e9s vez\u00e9rl\u00e9st. Azonban az MQTT saj\u00e1t szerver megl\u00e9t\u00e9t ig\u00e9nyli, amely a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati kliensek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti k\u00f6zvet\u00edt\u0151 szerep\u00e9t t\u00f6lti be. Itt k\u00e9t lehet\u0151s\u00e9g van: vagy saj\u00e1t szervert hozunk l\u00e9tre, vagy k\u00fcls\u0151 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokat haszn\u00e1lunk.<\/p>\n

A bemutatott vez\u00e9rl\u00e9si rendszer k\u00e9t f\u0151 r\u00e9szb\u0151l \u00e1ll: egy MQTT szerverb\u0151l (ami \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban csak egy darab) \u00e9s a kliensekb\u0151l, amelyek sz\u00e1ma meglehet\u0151sen nagy lehet. Az eset\u00fcnkben kliensek\u00e9nt az Android alkalmaz\u00e1s \u00e9s mag\u00e1nak az esp8266 modulnak kell fell\u00e9pnie.<\/p>\n

A rendszer m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si algoritmusa a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151. A kliensek csatlakoznak a szerverhez, \u00e9s k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a csatlakoz\u00e1s ut\u00e1n mindenki feliratkozik az \u00e1ltala \u00e9rdekesnek tartott t\u00e9m\u00e1kra. Az \u00f6sszes kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3 a kliensek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a szerveren kereszt\u00fcl t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, amely a feliratkoz\u00e1sok figyelembev\u00e9tel\u00e9vel tov\u00e1bb\u00edtja az adatokat a t\u00f6bbi kliensnek.<\/p>\n

MQTT szerver. <\/b><\/p>\n

Ebben az esetben egy rendk\u00edv\u00fcl k\u00e9nyelmes szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1st fogunk haszn\u00e1lni www.cloudmqtt.com<\/a><\/noindex> amelynek van egy ingyenes tarifacsomagja (Cute Cat), amely teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben fedezi egy kis h\u00e1zi \"okos otthon\" rendszer megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges ig\u00e9nyeket.
\n\"Esp8266
\n Regisztr\u00e1ljunk az oldalon, \u00e9s szerezz\u00fck meg a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges adatokat a szerverhez val\u00f3 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9shez. Az \u00fcgyfelek be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sakor az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos portot kell haszn\u00e1lni (SSL \u00e9s TLS n\u00e9lk\u00fcl).
\n\"Esp8266
\n
\nAndroid alkalmaz\u00e1s.<\/b><\/p>\n

Alkalmaz\u00e1sunk t\u00e1vir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00f3k\u00e9nt fog m\u0171k\u00f6dni a mikrokontroller sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, valamint fogadja \u00e9s megjelen\u00edti az \u00f6sszes inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t az esp8266-t\u00f3l.<\/p>\n

Az alkalmaz\u00e1s neve IoT MQTT Dashboard<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s egy k\u00e9sz mqtt kliens, amelynek n\u00e9h\u00e1ny nagyon k\u00e9nyelmes widgetje van. Az alkalmaz\u00e1s haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1r\u00f3l r\u00e9szletesebben vide\u00f3n n\u00e9zhet meg.<\/p>\n

Esp8266.<\/b><\/p>\n

A modul az Arduino programoz\u00e1si k\u00f6rnyezetben van felt\u00f6ltve, de szeretn\u00e9m megjegyezni, hogy a modulnak probl\u00e9m\u00e1i vannak az utols\u00f3 Arduino verzi\u00f3kkal, ez\u00e9rt javaslom a 1.6.4 verzi\u00f3 haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t.
\nP\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az esp8266-hoz egy LED (5. pin) \u00e9s egy DS18B20 h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151 (2. pin) van csatlakoztatva.
\nMivel a LED vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9hez adatokat kell kapnunk, az esp csatlakoztat\u00e1s ut\u00e1n fel kell iratkoznia a megfelel\u0151 \"test\/led\" t\u00e9m\u00e1ra, k\u00fcl\u00f6nben az \u00f6sszes k\u00fcld\u00f6tt adat elker\u00fcli a mikrokontroller\u00fcnket.
\nA h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti adatok k\u00fcld\u00e9s\u00e9hez feliratkoz\u00e1s nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, de az h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti \u00e9rt\u00e9kek \u00e1tad\u00e1sakor meg kell adni a t\u00e9m\u00e1t, amelybe ezek az adatok menni fognak.<\/p>\n

Az al\u00e1bbiakban egy r\u00e9szletes megjegyz\u00e9sekkel ell\u00e1tott sketch tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Sketch Esp8266_mqtt.ino<\/b>\/\/ \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043a\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043a 5 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0443
\n\/\/ \u0414\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b ds18b20 \u043a 2 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0443<\/p>\n

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
\n#include <PubSubClient.h>
\n#include <OneWire.h>
\n#include <DallasTemperature.h><\/p>\n

#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 2
\nOneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);
\nDallasTemperature \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151k(&oneWire);<\/p>\n

const char *ssid = \"AIRPORT\"; \/\/ A wifi hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si pont neve
\nconst char *pass = \"PASSWORD\"; \/\/ Hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si pont jelszava<\/p>\n

const char *mqtt_server = \"server\"; \/\/ MQTT szerver neve
\nconst int mqtt_port = 11140; \/\/ Port az MQTT szerverhez val\u00f3 csatlakoz\u00e1shoz
\nconst char *mqtt_user = \"Login\"; \/\/ Szerver bejelentkez\u00e9si adatai
\nconst char *mqtt_pass = \"Pass\"; \/\/ Szerver jelszava<\/p>\n

#define BUFFER_SIZE 100<\/p>\n

bool LedState = false;
\nint tm=300;
\nfloat temp=0;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/p>\n

void callback(const MQTT::Publish& pub)
\n{
\n Serial.print(pub.topic()); \/\/ megjelen\u00edtj\u00fck a soros porton a t\u00e9ma nev\u00e9t
\n Serial.print(\" => \");
\n Serial.print(pub.payload_string()); \/\/ megjelen\u00edtj\u00fck a soros porton a kapott adatok \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t<\/p>\n

String payload = pub.payload_string();<\/p>\n

if(String(pub.topic()) == \"test\/led\") \/\/ ellen\u0151rizz\u00fck, hogy a megfelel\u0151 t\u00e9m\u00e1b\u00f3l kaptunk-e adatokat
\n {
\n int stled = payload.toInt(); \/\/ \u00e1talak\u00edtjuk a kapott adatokat eg\u00e9sz sz\u00e1mra
\n digitalWrite(5,stled); \/\/ bekapcsoljuk vagy kikapcsoljuk a LED-et a kapott adatok \u00e9rt\u00e9ke alapj\u00e1n
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

WiFiClient wclient;
\nPubSubClient kliens(wclient, mqtt_server, mqtt_port);<\/p>\n

void setup() {<\/p>\n

sensors.begin();
\n Serial.begin(115200);
\n delay(10);
\n Serial.println();
\n Serial.println();
\n pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
\n}<\/p>\n

void loop() {
\n \/\/ \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043a wi-fi
\n if (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
\n Serial.print(\"Csatlakoz\u00e1s ide: \");
\n Serial.print(ssid);
\n Serial.println(\"...\");
\n WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);<\/p>\n

if (WiFi.waitForConnectResult() != WL_CONNECTED)
\n return;
\n Serial.println(\"WiFi csatlakozva\");
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043a MQTT \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443
\n if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
\n if (!client.connected()) {
\n Serial.println(\"Csatlakoz\u00e1s az MQTT szerverhez\");
\n if (client.connect(MQTT::Connect(\"arduinoClient2\"))
\n .set_auth(mqtt_user, mqtt_pass))) {
\n Serial.println(\"Csatlakozva az MQTT szerverhez\");
\n client.set_callback(callback);
\n client.subscribe(\"test\/led\"); \/\/ feliratkozunk a LED adatokkal kapcsolatos t\u00e9m\u00e1ra
\n } else {
\n Serial.println(\"Nem siker\u00fclt csatlakozni az MQTT szerverhez\");
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

if (client.connected()){
\n client.loop();
\n TempSend();
\n }<\/p>\n

}
\n} \/\/ a f\u0151 ciklus v\u00e9ge<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430
\nvoid TempSend(){
\n if (tm==0)
\n {
\n sensors.requestTemperatures(); \/\/ megk\u00e9rj\u00fck az \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151t a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9re
\n float temp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
\n client.publish(\"test\/temp\",String(temp)); \/\/ k\u00fcldj\u00fck a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t a h\u0151m\u00e9r\u0151 t\u00e9m\u00e1hoz
\n Serial.println(temp);
\n tm = 300; \/\/ sz\u00fcnet a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet \u00e9rt\u00e9kek k\u00fcld\u00e9se k\u00f6z\u00f6tt kb. 3 m\u00e1sodperc
\n }
\n tm--;
\n delay(10);
\n}
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

\nAz eredm\u00e9ny egy k\u00e9nyelmes eszk\u00f6z a t\u00e1voli kezel\u00e9shez \u00e9s a data monitoroz\u00e1shoz, amely viszonylag egyszer\u0171en elsaj\u00e1t\u00edthat\u00f3, m\u00e9g a kezd\u0151k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is.<\/p>\n

Vide\u00f3 a vez\u00e9rl\u0151 rendszer m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9nek bemutat\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Vide\u00f3\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

R\u00e9szletes vide\u00f3 \u00fatmutat\u00f3 a rendszer be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Vide\u00f3\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Az ESP8266 MQTT protokollon kereszt\u00fcl t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9nek egyik alkalmaz\u00e1si m\u00f3dja<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Vide\u00f3\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

LED szalag vez\u00e9rl\u00e9se az interneten kereszt\u00fcl<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Vide\u00f3\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Ha k\u00e9rd\u00e9seid mer\u00fcln\u00e9nek fel ezzel az anyaggal kapcsolatban, javaslom, hogy n\u00e9zd meg a m\u00e1sodik r\u00e9sz vide\u00f3t, ahol az anyag vizu\u00e1lisan \u00e9rthet\u0151bben van bemutatva.<\/p>\n

Az arch\u00edvumban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a p\u00e9lda alapj\u00e1n k\u00e9sz\u00fclt sketch \u00e9s minden sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r a mikrokontroller firmware-j\u00e9nek felt\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.
\nFelh\u00edvom a figyelmed, hogy az ESP8266WiFi.h k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r nem tartozik az arch\u00edvumba, ezt a Boards manager-en kereszt\u00fcl telep\u00edtheted az Arduino k\u00f6rnyezetben.<\/p>\n

ARCH\u00cdVUM<\/b><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

MQTT szerver \u2014 www.cloudmqtt.com<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Link az IoT MQTT Dashboard alkalmaz\u00e1shoz \u2014 play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.thn.iotmqttdashboard&hl=hu<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

K\u00f6sz\u00f6n\u00f6m a figyelmet.
\n
Forr\u00e1s: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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