{"id":37701,"date":"2019-10-31T22:19:10","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/monitoring-etl-protsessov-v-malenkom-hranilishhe-dannyh\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:19:10","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:19:10","slug":"monitoring-etl-protsessov-v-malenkom-hranilishhe-dannyh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/monitoring-etl-protsessov-v-malenkom-hranilishhe-dannyh","title":{"rendered":"ETL folyamatok figyel\u00e9se egy kis adatb\u00e1zisban","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sokan haszn\u00e1lnak specializ\u00e1lt eszk\u00f6z\u00f6ket az adatok kinyer\u00e9s\u00e9re, \u00e1talak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s bet\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9re rel\u00e1ci\u00f3s adatb\u00e1zisokba. Az eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t napl\u00f3zz\u00e1k, a hib\u00e1k r\u00f6gz\u00edtve vannak.<\/p>\n<p>Hiba eset\u00e9n a napl\u00f3ban inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 arr\u00f3l, hogy az eszk\u00f6z nem tudta v\u00e9grehajtani a feladatot, \u00e9s hogy mely modulok (gyakran Java) hol \u00e1lltak meg. Az utols\u00f3 sorokban megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k az adatb\u00e1zis hib\u00e1i, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat egyedi kulcs\u00e1nak megs\u00e9rt\u00e9se.<\/p>\n<p>Hogy megv\u00e1laszoljam a k\u00e9rd\u00e9st, hogy milyen szerepet j\u00e1tszik az ETL hib\u00e1kr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3, az elm\u00falt k\u00e9t \u00e9v \u00f6sszes probl\u00e9m\u00e1j\u00e1t oszt\u00e1lyoztam, egy nem kicsi adatt\u00e1rban. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"ETL folyamatok figyel\u00e9se egy kis adatb\u00e1zisban\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/cfe750a4a4ec952651779ec563a40e05.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Az adatb\u00e1zis hib\u00e1i k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak olyan probl\u00e9m\u00e1k, mint a hely hi\u00e1nya, a kapcsolat megszakad\u00e1sa, a munkamenet lefagy\u00e1sa stb.<\/p>\n<p>A logikai hib\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak olyan probl\u00e9m\u00e1k, mint a t\u00e1bl\u00e1k kulcsainak megs\u00e9rt\u00e9se, \u00e9rv\u00e9nytelen objektumok, hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si probl\u00e9m\u00e1k stb.<br \/>\nAz \u00fctemez\u0151 nem megfelel\u0151 id\u0151ben is elindulhat, le is fagyhat stb.<\/p>\n<p>Az egyszer\u0171 hib\u00e1k jav\u00edt\u00e1sa nem sok id\u0151t ig\u00e9nyel. A j\u00f3 ETL rendszer a legt\u00f6bb esetben k\u00e9pes ezeket \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3an kezelni.<\/p>\n<p>A bonyolultabb hib\u00e1k megk\u00f6vetelik, hogy megnyissuk \u00e9s ellen\u0151rizz\u00fck az adatkezel\u00e9si elj\u00e1r\u00e1sokat, kutassuk fel az adatforr\u00e1sokat. Gyakran sz\u00fcks\u00e9gess\u00e9 teszik a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok tesztel\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s telep\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<p>Teh\u00e1t a probl\u00e9m\u00e1k fele az adatb\u00e1zishoz kapcsol\u00f3dik. A hib\u00e1k 48%-a egyszer\u0171 hiba.<br \/>\nA probl\u00e9m\u00e1k egyharmada a logika vagy az adatt\u00e1r modellj\u00e9nek megv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz kapcsol\u00f3dik, \u00e9s ezeknek a hib\u00e1knak t\u00f6bb mint fele bonyolult.<\/p>\n<p>A probl\u00e9m\u00e1k kevesebb mint negyede kapcsol\u00f3dik a feladat\u00fctemez\u0151h\u00f6z, amelynek 18%-a egyszer\u0171 hiba.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6sszess\u00e9g\u00e9ben a bek\u00f6vetkezett hib\u00e1k 22%-a bonyolult, ezek kijav\u00edt\u00e1sa a legnagyobb figyelmet \u00e9s id\u0151t ig\u00e9nyli. Ezek k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl hetente egyszer fordulnak el\u0151, m\u00edg az egyszer\u0171 hib\u00e1k szinte minden nap el\u0151fordulnak.<\/p>\n<p>Nyilv\u00e1nval\u00f3, hogy az ETL folyamatok nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9se akkor lesz hat\u00e9kony, ha a napl\u00f3ban pontosan meg van jel\u00f6lve a hiba helye \u00e9s minim\u00e1lis id\u0151re van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g a probl\u00e9ma forr\u00e1s\u00e1nak felkutat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n<h4>Hat\u00e9kony nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s<\/h4>\n<p>\nMit szeretn\u00e9k l\u00e1tni az ETL nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9si folyamat\u00e1ban?<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"ETL folyamatok figyel\u00e9se egy kis adatb\u00e1zisban\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/03e6ebc3aef69137880a278f9891370a.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nStart at \u2014 mikor kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt a munka,<br \/>\nSource \u2014 adatforr\u00e1s,<br \/>\nLayer \u2014 melyik adatt\u00e1r szintet t\u00f6ltj\u00fck be,<br \/>\nETL Job Name \u2014 az adatok bet\u00f6lt\u00e9si elj\u00e1r\u00e1sa, amely sz\u00e1mos kisebb l\u00e9p\u00e9sb\u0151l \u00e1ll,<br \/>\nStep Number \u2014 az aktu\u00e1lisan v\u00e9grehajtott l\u00e9p\u00e9s sz\u00e1ma,<br \/>\n\u00c9rintett sorok \u2014 mennyi adatot dolgoztak fel eddig,<br \/>\nId\u0151tartam sec \u2014 mennyi ideig fut,<br \/>\n\u00c1llapot \u2014 vajon minden rendben van-e: OK, HIBA, FOLYAMATBAN, AKAD\u00c1LYOZVA<br \/>\n\u00dczenet \u2014 a legutols\u00f3 sikeres \u00fczenet vagy hiba le\u00edr\u00e1sa.<\/p>\n<p>A bejegyz\u00e9sek \u00e1llapota alapj\u00e1n elektronikus levelet lehet k\u00fcldeni m\u00e1s r\u00e9sztvev\u0151knek. Ha nincsenek hib\u00e1k, akkor a lev\u00e9l nem k\u00f6telez\u0151.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cdgy hiba eset\u00e9n vil\u00e1gosan meg van jel\u00f6lve a baleset helye.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e9ha el\u0151fordul, hogy mag\u00e1nak a monitoroz\u00f3 eszk\u00f6znek nem m\u0171k\u00f6dik. Ilyen esetben k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl az adatb\u00e1zisban lehet megjelen\u00edteni a n\u00e9zetet, aminek alapj\u00e1n a jelent\u00e9s k\u00e9sz\u00fclt.<\/p>\n<h4>ETL monitoroz\u00f3 t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat<\/h4>\n<p>\nAz ETL folyamatok monitoroz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz elegend\u0151 egy t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat \u00e9s egy n\u00e9zet.<\/p>\n<p>Ehhez vissza lehet t\u00e9rni a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/462337\/\">saj\u00e1t kis adatt\u00e1rol\u00f3hoz<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s protot\u00edpust k\u00e9sz\u00edteni SQLite adatb\u00e1zisban.<\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">T\u00e1bla DDL<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\">CREATE TABLE UTL_JOB_STATUS (\n\/* T\u00e1bla a munkafolyamat v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1nak napl\u00f3z\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Fontos, hogy a munk\u00e1nak legyenek ETL_START \u00e9s ETL_END vagy ETL_ERROR l\u00e9p\u00e9sei *\/\n  UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,\n  SID               INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT -1, \/* Munkamenet azonos\u00edt\u00f3. Minden munka fut\u00e1sa egyedi *\/\n  LOG_DT            INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,  \/* D\u00e1tum id\u0151 *\/\n  LOG_D             INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,  \/* D\u00e1tum *\/\n  JOB_NAME          TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N\/A', \/* Munka neve, mint pl. JOB_STG2DM_GEO *\/\n  STEP_NAME         TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N\/A', \/* ETL_START, ... , ETL_END\/ETL_ERROR *\/\n  STEP_DESCR        TEXT,                        \/* Feladat vagy hiba\u00fczenet le\u00edr\u00e1sa *\/\n  UNIQUE (SID, JOB_NAME, STEP_NAME)\n);\nINSERT INTO UTL_JOB_STATUS (UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID) VALUES (-1);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">DDL n\u00e9zet\/jelent\u00e9s<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\">L\u00c9TREHOZ\u00c1S, HA NINCS UTL_JOB_STATUS_V\nAKKOR \t\/* Tartalom: Csomag v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si napl\u00f3 az utols\u00f3 3 h\u00f3napban. *\/\nSRC K\u00cdS\u00c9RLET MAX(UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID) AS UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID,\n\t   MAX(START_FLAG) AS START_FLAG,\n\t   MAX(END_FLAG) AS END_FLAG,\n\t   MAX(ERROR_FLAG) AS ERROR_FLAG,\n\t   MIN(LOG_DT) AS MIN_LOG_DT,\n\t   MAX(LOG_DT) AS MAX_LOG_DT,\n\t   SUM(1) AS CNT,\n\t   SUM(IFNULL(AFFECTED_ROWS, 0)) AS AFFECTED_ROWS\n  FROM SRC\n  GROUP BY SID, SOURCE, LAYER, JOB_NAME\n) JB,\n( SELECT UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID, SID, JOB_NAME, STEP_LOG\n  FROM SRC\n  WHERE 1 = 1\n) ERR\nWHERE 1 = 1\nAND JB.SID = ERR.SID\nAND JB.JOB_NAME = ERR.JOB_NAME\nAND JB.UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID = ERR.UTL_JOB_STATUS_ID\nORDER BY JB.MIN_LOG_DT DESC, JB.SID DESC, JB.SOURCE;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">SQL Ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s a \u00faj munkamenet sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak megszerz\u00e9s\u00e9re<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"sql\">V\u00c1LASZ(AHOV\u00c1 A LEGFONTOSABB LEGFONTOSABB K\u00dcL\u00d6N KIB\u00cdRNI A LEL\u00d3T K\u00d6VET\u00c9S\u00c9T IS A&lt;\/ JOB_NAME IS NOT NULL \u00c9S A JOB_NAME IS NULL \/* l\u00e9tezett munka v\u00e9get \u00e9rt *\/\n    \u00c9S NEM (&#039;y&#039; IS TELJES\u00cdTHET\u0150 NEM M\u00c1S NEH\u00c1NYMUSOROLVA M\u00c1S PARAM\u00c9TER TOV\u00c1BBB * K\u00dcNDN V\u00c9G\u00c9RE HATT A JOB_NAME ELV\u00c9GZNI KELL MUNK\u00c1T IS K\u00c9RDEZNI A JOB_NAME, JOB_NAME LENK C\u00cdM FELSZEG A V\u00c9GEHHETY) AHOL A JOB_NAME A &quot;RPT_ACCESS_LOG&quot; \/* munka nimi PARAM\u00c9TER *\/\n\t    \u00c9S A STEP_NAME &#039;ETL_START&#039;{ a JOB_NAME A &#039;RPT_ACCESS_LOG&#039; \/* munka n\u00e9v PARAM\u00c9TER *\/\n\t    \u00c9S A STEP_NAME IN (&#039;ETL_END&#039;, &#039;ETL_ERROR&#039;) \/* meg\u00e1ll\u00e1si \u00e1llapot *\/\n    GROUP BY JOB_NAME, SID\n) KEZD\u0150D\u0150_JOB \/* kezdet *\/\nAZT\u00c1N DE JOB_NAME A JOB_NAME \u00c9S A JOB_NAME A JOB_NAME\n\t \u00c9S A JOB_NAME=T BEEK CSAK AZ ELS\u0150 KINEK A JOB_NAME A JOB_NAME ALAPJ\u00c1N MEG KENNE E GN JELEN FELETT TERMELT K\u00dcLD\u00c9S J\u00d6JJ\u00d6N K\u00cdS\u00c9RLETI K\u00c9FOGS IGAZOL\u00c1S \u00c1LL A LELKET HAT\u00c1RMEGFONTOS MUNK\u00c1T J\u00c1TSZA V\u00c1LASZ TOV\u00c1BBA ;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nA t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gai:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Az adatok feldolgoz\u00e1si elj\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1nak kezdete \u00e9s v\u00e9ge az ETL_START \u00e9s ETL_END l\u00e9p\u00e9sekkel kell, hogy k\u00eds\u00e9rje.<\/li>\n<li>Hiba eset\u00e9n az ETL_ERROR l\u00e9p\u00e9snek kell l\u00e9trej\u00f6nnie a hiba le\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1val.<\/li>\n<li>A feldolgozott adatok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t ki kell emelni, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul csillagokkal.<\/li>\n<li>Ugyanazt az elj\u00e1r\u00e1st egyszerre csak a force_restart=y param\u00e9terrel lehet elind\u00edtani; en\u00e9lk\u00fcl a session az csak befejezett elj\u00e1r\u00e1sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra adhat\u00f3. <\/li>\n<li>Norm\u00e1l m\u00f3dban nem lehet p\u00e1rhuzamosan elind\u00edtani ugyanazt az adatok feldolgoz\u00e1si elj\u00e1r\u00e1st.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA t\u00e1bl\u00e1val v\u00e9gzett sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges m\u0171veletek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>az ind\u00edtand\u00f3 ETL elj\u00e1r\u00e1s session sz\u00e1m\u00e1nak lek\u00e9rdez\u00e9se<\/li>\n<li>bejegyz\u00e9s napl\u00f3z\u00e1sa a t\u00e1bl\u00e1ba<\/li>\n<li>az utols\u00f3 sikeres ETL elj\u00e1r\u00e1s bejegyz\u00e9s\u00e9nek lek\u00e9rdez\u00e9se<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nAz olyan adatb\u00e1zisokban, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az Oracle vagy a Postgres, ezek a m\u0171veletek be\u00e9p\u00edtett funkci\u00f3kkal val\u00f3s\u00edthat\u00f3k meg. SQLite eset\u00e9n k\u00fcls\u0151 mechanizmus sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, \u00e9s ebben az esetben ez <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/marchanka\/sqlite-php-etl-utilities\/blob\/master\/utl_func.php\">PHP-n lett protot\u00edpussal kidolgozva.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<h4>K\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9s<\/h4>\n<p>\n\u00cdgy az adatok feldolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1nak hib\u00e1inak \u00fczenetei rendk\u00edv\u00fcl fontos szerepet j\u00e1tszanak. De neh\u00e9z \u0151ket optim\u00e1lisnak nevezni a probl\u00e9ma ok\u00e1nak gyors keres\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Amikor az elj\u00e1r\u00e1sok sz\u00e1ma k\u00f6zel\u00edti a sz\u00e1zat, a folyamatok figyel\u00e9se bonyolult projektt\u00e9 v\u00e1lik.<\/p>\n<p>A cikkben bemutatjuk a probl\u00e9ma lehets\u00e9ges megold\u00e1s\u00e1t egy protot\u00edpus form\u00e1j\u00e1ban. A teljes protot\u00edpus, egy kis t\u00e1rol\u00f3, el\u00e9rhet\u0151 a gitlabon. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.com\/marchanka\/sqlite-php-etl-utilities\">SQLite PHP ETL Eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k<\/a><\/noindex>.<br \/>\n<br \/>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/465637\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 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