{"id":38841,"date":"2019-10-31T22:26:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/passive-dns-v-rukah-analitika\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:26:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:26:17","slug":"passive-dns-v-rukah-analitika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/passive-dns-v-rukah-analitika","title":{"rendered":"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A domainek n\u00e9v rendszere (DNS) hasonl\u00edt egy telefonk\u00f6nyvre, amely a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3bar\u00e1t neveket, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az \u201eussc.ru\u201d-t IP-c\u00edmekk\u00e9 alak\u00edtja. Mivel a DNS aktivit\u00e1sa gyakorlatilag minden kapcsolati szakaszban jelen van, a protokollt\u00f3l f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl, a DNS napl\u00f3z\u00e1s \u00e9rt\u00e9kes adatforr\u00e1s a kiberbiztons\u00e1gi szakember sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve sz\u00e1mukra, hogy anom\u00e1li\u00e1kat \u00e9szleljenek, vagy tov\u00e1bbi adatokat nyerjenek a vizsg\u00e1lt rendszerr\u0151l.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>2004-ben Florian Weimer javasolta a passz\u00edv DNS napl\u00f3z\u00e1s m\u00f3dszer\u00e9t, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a DNS-adatok v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sainak t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, indexelhet\u0151 \u00e9s kereshet\u0151 form\u00e1ban, amely hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st enged a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 adatokhoz:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A domain n\u00e9v<\/li>\n<li>A k\u00e9rd\u00e9ses domain n\u00e9v IP-c\u00edme<\/li>\n<li>A v\u00e1lasz d\u00e1tuma \u00e9s ideje<\/li>\n<li>A v\u00e1lasz t\u00edpusa<\/li>\n<li>stb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A passz\u00edv DNS-re vonatkoz\u00f3 adatokat rekursz\u00edv DNS-szerverek gy\u0171jtik be be\u00e9p\u00edtett modulokkal vagy DNS-szerverek v\u00e1laszainak elfog\u00e1s\u00e1val, amelyek felel\u0151sek a z\u00f3n\u00e1\u00e9rt.<\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/03066b8baf19d86c73bb7a1ca240a26c.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>1. \u00e1bra. Passz\u00edv DNS (forr\u00e1s: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ctovision.com\/passivedns-leverage-research\/\">Ctovision.com<\/a><\/noindex>)<\/i><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>A passz\u00edv DNS saj\u00e1toss\u00e1ga, hogy nem sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges a kliens IP-c\u00edm\u00e9nek regisztr\u00e1l\u00e1sa, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k mag\u00e1n\u00e9let\u00e9nek v\u00e9delm\u00e9t. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jelenleg sz\u00e1mos szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s \u00e1ll rendelkez\u00e9sre, amelyek hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st biztos\u00edtanak a passz\u00edv DNS adatokhoz:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dnsdb.info\/\">DNSDB<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.virustotal.com\/gui\/home\/upload\">VirusTotal<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.riskiq.com\/products\/passivetotal\/\">PassiveTotal<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/octo.safedns.com\/\">Octopus<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/securitytrails.com\/\">SecurityTrails<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/umbrella.cisco.com\/products\/threat-intelligence\">Umbrella Investigate<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00e9g<\/b><br \/>\nFarsight Security<br \/>\nVirusTotal<br \/>\nRiskiq<br \/>\nSafeDNS<br \/>\nSecurityTrails<br \/>\nCisco<\/p>\n<p><b>Hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s<\/b><br \/>\nK\u00e9relemre<br \/>\nNem ig\u00e9nyel nyilv\u00e1ntart\u00e1st<br \/>\nSzabad regisztr\u00e1ci\u00f3<br \/>\nK\u00e9relemre<br \/>\nNem ig\u00e9nyel nyilv\u00e1ntart\u00e1st<br \/>\nK\u00e9relemre<\/p>\n<p><b>API<\/b><br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<\/p>\n<p><b>Kliens megl\u00e9te<\/b><br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nJelen van<br \/>\nNincs<br \/>\nNincs<br \/>\nNincs<\/p>\n<p><b>Az adatok gy\u0171jt\u00e9s\u00e9nek kezdete<\/b><br \/>\n2010<br \/>\n2013<br \/>\n2009<br \/>\nCsak az utols\u00f3 3 h\u00f3napot mutatja<br \/>\n2008<br \/>\n2006<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>2. t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat. Szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok, amelyek hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st biztos\u00edtanak a passz\u00edv DNS adatokhoz<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>A passz\u00edv DNS haszn\u00e1lati lehet\u0151s\u00e9gei<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A passz\u00edv DNS felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val kapcsolatokat \u00e1ll\u00edthatunk fel domainek, NS-szerverek \u00e9s IP-c\u00edmek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Ez lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a vizsg\u00e1lt rendszerek t\u00e9rk\u00e9peinek elk\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s ezen t\u00e9rk\u00e9pek nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s\u00e9t az els\u0151 felfedez\u00e9st\u0151l az aktu\u00e1lis pillanatig.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A passz\u00edv DNS a forgalom anom\u00e1li\u00e1inak felt\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1t is megk\u00f6nny\u00edti. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a NS z\u00f3n\u00e1k \u00e9s az A \u00e9s AAAA t\u00edpus\u00fa rekordok v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sainak nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9se lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a gyors fluxus m\u00f3dszert alkalmaz\u00f3 rosszindulat\u00fa webhelyek azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, amelyek az C&amp;C elrejt\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra szolg\u00e1lnak. Mivel a leg\u00e1lis domain nevek (kiv\u00e9ve azokat, amelyeket terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1sra haszn\u00e1lnak) nem fogj\u00e1k gyakran megv\u00e1ltoztatni az IP-c\u00edm\u00fcket, a legt\u00f6bb leg\u00e1lis z\u00f3n\u00e1nak ritk\u00e1n v\u00e1ltozik a NS szervere. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A passz\u00edv DNS, ellent\u00e9tben a k\u00f6zvetlen almnevek sz\u00f3t\u00e1rakkal val\u00f3 keres\u00e9s\u00e9vel, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi m\u00e9g a legszokatlanabb domain nevek felfedez\u00e9s\u00e9t is, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u201e222qmxacaiqaaaaazibq4aaidhmbqaaa0undefined7140c0.p.hoff.ru\u201d. Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl n\u00e9ha lehet\u0151s\u00e9get ad a weboldal tesztel\u00e9s\u00e9re (\u00e9s sebezhet\u0151 ter\u00fcleteinek felfedez\u00e9s\u00e9re), fejleszt\u0151i anyagok \u00e9s egyebek megtal\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra is. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>Link vizsg\u00e1lata egy lev\u00e9lb\u0151l, passz\u00edv DNS haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Jelenleg a spam az egyik f\u0151 m\u00f3dja annak, ahogyan a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 bejut a s\u00e9rtett sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9p\u00e9re vagy ellopja a bizalmas inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat. Pr\u00f3b\u00e1ljuk meg vizsg\u00e1lni a linket egy ilyen lev\u00e9lb\u0151l, passz\u00edv DNS haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val, hogy felm\u00e9rj\u00fck ennek a m\u00f3dszernek a hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/47d75ca464d6aa1c803670b1a53b4cf8.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>2. \u00e1bra. Spam lev\u00e9l<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A lev\u00e9lb\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 link a magnit-boss.rocks weboldalra vezetett, amely automatikusan b\u00f3nuszok gy\u0171jt\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s p\u00e9nzkeres\u00e9st \u00edg\u00e9rt:<\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/f9bbb7d49579e5559c8fc76af0cfc13d.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>3. \u00e1bra. Az oldal a magnit-boss.rocks domain alatt<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A weboldal vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1hoz <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/api.passivetotal.org\/api\/docs\/\">Riskiq API-t haszn\u00e1ltunk<\/a><\/noindex>, amelynek m\u00e1r 3 m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 \u00fcgyfele van a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/passivetotal\/python_api\">Python<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/chrislee35\/passivetotal\">Ruby<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/passivetotal\/rust_api\">Rust<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>El\u0151sz\u00f6r is, n\u00e9zz\u00fck meg a domain n\u00e9v t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t, ehhez haszn\u00e1ljuk a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 parancsot:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>pt-client pdns \u2014query magnit-boss.rocks<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ez a parancs inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t fog szolg\u00e1ltatni az \u00f6sszes DNS felold\u00e1sr\u00f3l, amelyek e domain n\u00e9vhez kapcsol\u00f3dnak. <\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/bfaa82b2d7a753f684f32a93e29bf679.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>4. \u00e1bra. V\u00e1lasz a Riskiq API-t\u00f3l<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Az API v\u00e1lasz\u00e1t \u00e9rthet\u0151bb\u00e9 tessz\u00fck: <\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/90bcff91f110ee8e8f97151618548cb3.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>5. \u00e1bra. Minden bejegyz\u00e9s a v\u00e1laszb\u00f3l<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Tov\u00e1bbi vizsg\u00e1latokhoz a 2019.08.01-i lev\u00e9l \u00e1tv\u00e9telekor a domain n\u00e9vhez kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 IP-c\u00edmeket vett\u00fck, amelyek 92.119.113.112 \u00e9s 85.143.219.65. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 parancs haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val: <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><i>pt-client pdns \u2014query<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>minden domain n\u00e9v lek\u00e9rdezhet\u0151, amelyek ezen IP-c\u00edmekhez kapcsol\u00f3dnak.<br \/>\nA 92.119.113.112 IP-c\u00edmhez 42 egyedi domain n\u00e9v tartozik, amelyek ezen IP-c\u00edmre old\u00f3dtak fel, ezek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>magnit-boss.club<\/li>\n<li>igrovie-avtomaty.me<\/li>\n<li>pro-x-audit.xyz<\/li>\n<li>zep3-www.xyz<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9s m\u00e1sok<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>A 85.143.219.65 IP-c\u00edmhez 44 egyedi domain n\u00e9v tartozik, amelyek ezen IP-c\u00edmre old\u00f3dtak fel, ezek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>cvv2.name (a hitelk\u00e1rtyaadatok \u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 weboldal)<\/li>\n<li>emaills.world<\/li>\n<li>www.mailru.space<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9s m\u00e1sok<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ezek a domain nevek phishingre utalnak, de b\u00edzunk a j\u00f3 emberekben, ez\u00e9rt megpr\u00f3b\u00e1ljuk megszerezni a 332 501,72 rubel b\u00f3nuszt? A 'IGEN' gombra kattintva a weboldal arra k\u00e9r, hogy 300 rubelt utaljunk \u00e1t a k\u00e1rty\u00e1r\u00f3l a sz\u00e1mla felold\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, \u00e9s a as-torpay.info weboldalra ir\u00e1ny\u00edt minket az adatok megad\u00e1s\u00e1ra. <\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cb2525f6438e5b0314949eae1ab3b81b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>6. \u00e1bra. Az ac-pay2day.net weboldal f\u0151oldala<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Els\u0151 pillant\u00e1sra leg\u00e1lis webhely, van HTTPS tan\u00fas\u00edtv\u00e1ny, \u00e9s a f\u0151oldala felaj\u00e1nlja, hogy csatlakoztassa ezt a fizet\u00e9si rendszert a saj\u00e1t webhely\u00e9hez, de sajnos az \u00f6sszes csatlakoz\u00e1si hivatkoz\u00e1s nem m\u0171k\u00f6dik. Ez a domain n\u00e9v csak egy IP-c\u00edmre \u2014 190.115.19.74 - tud felold\u00f3dni. Ez viszont 1475 egyedi domain n\u00e9vvel rendelkezik, amelyek ezen IP-c\u00edmre old\u00f3dtak fel, k\u00f6zt\u00fck olyan nevekkel, mint:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ac-pay2day.net<\/li>\n<li>ac-payfit.com<\/li>\n<li>as-manypay.com<\/li>\n<li>fletkass.net<\/li>\n<li>as-magicpay.com<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9s m\u00e1sok<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Ahogyan l\u00e1tjuk, a Passive DNS lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy viszonylag gyorsan \u00e9s hat\u00e9konyan gy\u0171jts\u00fcnk adatokat a vizsg\u00e1lt er\u0151forr\u00e1sr\u00f3l, s\u0151t l\u00e9trehozzunk egyfajta nyomot, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy felt\u00e1rjuk a szem\u00e9lyes adatok ellop\u00e1s\u00e1ra vonatkoz\u00f3 teljes strukt\u00far\u00e1t, a megszerz\u00e9s\u00e9t\u0151l kezdve a val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00edthet\u0151 \u00e9rt\u00e9kes\u00edt\u00e9si helyig. <\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A passz\u00edv DNS az elemz\u0151 kez\u00e9ben\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/e06af58c18cdd52e4790047c46768470.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>7. \u00e1bra. A vizsg\u00e1lt rendszer t\u00e9rk\u00e9pe<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nem minden olyan sz\u00e9p, mint szeretn\u00e9nk. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az ilyen nyomoz\u00e1sok k\u00f6nnyen elakadhatnak a CloudFlare vagy hasonl\u00f3 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokn\u00e1l. Az \u00f6sszegy\u0171jt\u00f6tt adatb\u00e1zis hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ga nagym\u00e9rt\u00e9kben f\u00fcgg a Passive DNS adatok gy\u0171jt\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 modulon kereszt\u00fcl \u00e1thalad\u00f3 DNS-k\u00e9r\u00e9sek sz\u00e1m\u00e1t\u00f3l. Mindazon\u00e1ltal a Passive DNS kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3forr\u00e1st jelent a kutat\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><em>Szerz\u0151: A Ur\u00e1l Biztons\u00e1gi Rendszerek K\u00f6zpont szak\u00e9rt\u0151je<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/470974\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d (DNS) \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f 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