{"id":39289,"date":"2019-10-31T22:29:21","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:29:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ataka-cpdos-pozvolyayushhaya-sdelat-nedostupnymi-stranitsy-otdavaemye-cherez-cdn\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:29:21","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:29:21","slug":"ataka-cpdos-pozvolyayushhaya-sdelat-nedostupnymi-stranitsy-otdavaemye-cherez-cdn","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/ataka-cpdos-pozvolyayushhaya-sdelat-nedostupnymi-stranitsy-otdavaemye-cherez-cdn","title":{"rendered":"CPDoS t\u00e1mad\u00e1s, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy el\u00e9rhetetlenn\u00e9 tegy\u00fck a CDN-en kereszt\u00fcl szolg\u00e1ltatott oldalakat","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A hamburg-i \u00e9s k\u00f6lni egyetem kutat\u00f3i<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpdos.org\/\">kifejlesztettek<\/a><\/noindex> \u00faj t\u00e1mad\u00e1si technik\u00e1k a tartalom terjeszt\u0151 h\u00e1l\u00f3zatok \u00e9s a gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00f3 proxyk ellen \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpdos.org\/paper\/Your_Cache_Has_Fallen__Cache_Poisoned_Denial_of_Service_Attack__Preprint_.pdf\">CPDoS<\/a><\/noindex> (Cache-Poisoned Denial-of-Service). Ez a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k ne f\u00e9rjenek hozz\u00e1 egy weboldalhoz, a gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1r megfert\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9vel. <\/p>\n<p>A probl\u00e9ma abb\u00f3l ad\u00f3dik, hogy a CDN-ek nemcsak a sikeres k\u00e9r\u00e9seket, hanem azokat az eseteket is gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raznak, amikor a HTTP-szerver hib\u00e1t ad vissza. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban, ha a k\u00e9r\u00e9sek gener\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val probl\u00e9ma van, a szerver 400 (Bad Request) hib\u00e1t ad vissza, kiv\u00e9telt k\u00e9pez az IIS, amely a t\u00fal nagy fejl\u00e9c eset\u00e9n 404 (Not Found) hib\u00e1t dob. A szabv\u00e1ny csak a 404 (Not Found), 405 (Method Not Allowed), 410 (Gone) \u00e9s 501 (Not Implemented) k\u00f3d\u00fa hib\u00e1k gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00e1s\u00e1t teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9, de n\u00e9h\u00e1ny CDN a 400 (Bad Request) k\u00f3d\u00fa v\u00e1laszokat is gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1razza, amely a beny\u00fajtott k\u00e9relemt\u0151l f\u00fcgg. <\/p>\n<p>A t\u00e1mad\u00f3k az eredeti er\u0151forr\u00e1son visszat\u00e9r\u0151 hiba\u00fczenetet okozhatnak \"400 Bad Request\" elk\u00fcld\u00e9s\u00e9vel, meghat\u00e1rozott m\u00f3don form\u00e1zott HTTP-fejl\u00e9cekkel. Ezek a fejl\u00e9cek nem ker\u00fclnek figyelembev\u00e9telre a CDN-n\u00e9l, \u00edgy a gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1rba olyan inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 ker\u00fcl, hogy nem lehet hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rni az oldalhoz, \u00e9s minden tov\u00e1bbi \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00e9r\u00e9s a timeout letelt\u00e9ig hib\u00e1t eredm\u00e9nyezhet, annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy az eredeti webhely probl\u00e9mamentesen szolg\u00e1ltatja a tartalmat. <\/p>\n<p>A HTTP-szerver hib\u00e1j\u00e1nak kiv\u00e1lt\u00e1s\u00e1ra h\u00e1rom t\u00e1mad\u00e1si lehet\u0151s\u00e9get javasoltak:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> HMO (HTTP Method Override) \u2014 a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 fel\u00fclb\u00edr\u00e1lhatja az eredeti k\u00e9r\u00e9s m\u00f3dszer\u00e9t az \"X-HTTP-Method-Override\", \"X-HTTP-Method\" vagy \"X-Method-Override\" fejl\u00e9ceken kereszt\u00fcl, amelyeket egyes szerverek t\u00e1mogatnak, de a CDN nem vesz figyelembe. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az eredeti \"GET\" m\u00f3dszert a szerveren tiltott \"DELETE\" m\u00f3dszerre, vagy statikus tartalomhoz nem alkalmazhat\u00f3 \"POST\" m\u00f3dszerre lehet cser\u00e9lni;\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpdos.org\/img\/HMO.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"CPDoS t\u00e1mad\u00e1s, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy el\u00e9rhetetlenn\u00e9 tegy\u00fck a CDN-en kereszt\u00fcl szolg\u00e1ltatott oldalakat\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6449e613e38cfb3cb1f2f185921214e9.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> HHO (HTTP Header Oversize) \u2014 a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 \u00fagy \u00e1ll\u00edthatja be a fejl\u00e9c m\u00e9ret\u00e9t, hogy az meghaladja az eredeti szerver korl\u00e1tait, de nem esik a CDN korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sai al\u00e1. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az Apache httpd 8 KB-ra korl\u00e1tozza a fejl\u00e9c m\u00e9ret\u00e9t, m\u00edg az Amazon Cloudfront 20 KB-ig enged\u00e9lyezett fejl\u00e9ceket;<br \/>\n<center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpdos.org\/img\/HHO.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"CPDoS t\u00e1mad\u00e1s, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy el\u00e9rhetetlenn\u00e9 tegy\u00fck a CDN-en kereszt\u00fcl szolg\u00e1ltatott oldalakat\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2bbefaff1f9b5b1b4e568801cd7ac7cd.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> HMC (HTTP Meta Character) \u2014 a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 speci\u00e1lis karaktereket (\\n, \\r, \\a) illeszthet a k\u00e9r\u00e9sbe, amelyek \u00e9rv\u00e9nytelennek sz\u00e1m\u00edtanak az eredeti szerveren, de a CDN figyelmen k\u00edv\u00fcl hagyja \u0151ket.\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpdos.org\/img\/HMC.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"CPDoS t\u00e1mad\u00e1s, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy el\u00e9rhetetlenn\u00e9 tegy\u00fck a CDN-en kereszt\u00fcl szolg\u00e1ltatott oldalakat\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5e8426e93a48735796b600db00a5c99d.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A legjobban a CloudFront CDN ker\u00fclt a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s c\u00e9lkeresztj\u00e9be, amely az Amazon Web Services (AWS) keretein m\u0171k\u00f6dik. Jelenleg az Amazon m\u00e1r megoldotta a probl\u00e9m\u00e1t a hib\u00e1k gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00e1s\u00e1nak letilt\u00e1s\u00e1val, de a v\u00e9delmi int\u00e9zked\u00e9sek bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9re a kutat\u00f3knak t\u00f6bb mint h\u00e1rom h\u00f3napig tartott. A probl\u00e9ma a Cloudflare, Varnish, Akamai, CDN77 \u00e9s<br \/>\nFastly-t is \u00e9rintette, de a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s rajtuk kereszt\u00fcl korl\u00e1toz\u00f3dik az IIS-t, ASP.NET-et haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 c\u00e9lkiszolg\u00e1l\u00f3kra. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/pallets\/flask\">Flask<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/playframework\/play1\/issues\/1300\">Play 1<\/a><\/noindex>. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cpdos.org\/paper\/Your_Cache_Has_Fallen__Cache_Poisoned_Denial_of_Service_Attack__Preprint_.pdf\">Megjegyzend\u0151<\/a><\/noindex>, hogy a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s potenci\u00e1lisan 11% -ban \u00e9rintheti az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok V\u00e9delmi Miniszt\u00e9rium\u00e1nak domainjeit, 16% -ot a HTTP Archive adatb\u00e1zisb\u00f3l \u00e9s k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 30% -ot az Alexa legnagyobb 500 weboldala k\u00f6z\u00fcl.<\/p>\n<p>Mint alternat\u00edv m\u00f3dszert az oldal elleni t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok blokkol\u00e1s\u00e1ra, a \"Cache-Control: no-store\" fejl\u00e9c be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, amely megtiltja a v\u00e1laszok gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00e1s\u00e1t. Egyes CDN-ek, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul,<br \/>\n CloudFront \u00e9s Akamai eset\u00e9ben a hib\u00e1k gyors\u00edt\u00f3t\u00e1raz\u00e1s\u00e1nak kikapcsol\u00e1sa a profilbe\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok szintj\u00e9n is lehets\u00e9ges. A v\u00e9delem \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben webalkalmaz\u00e1s t\u0171zfalakat (WAF, Web Application Firewall) is lehet alkalmazni, de ezeknek a CDN-en bel\u00fcl, a gyors\u00edt\u00e1st v\u00e9gz\u0151 hosztok el\u0151tt kell telep\u00edtve lenni\u00fck.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51753\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0413\u0430\u043c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u041a\u0451\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438 &#8212; CPDoS (Cache-Poisoned Denial-of-Service). \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e CDN \u043a\u044d\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 http-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0443. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0441 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":39290,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One 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