{"id":42162,"date":"2019-03-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-17T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah"},"modified":"2020-02-18T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T10:44:58","slug":"yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/yadro-linux-5-1-chto-izvestno-ob-izmeneniyah","title":{"rendered":"Linux 5.1 kernel \u2014 mit tudunk a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokr\u00f3l","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A Linux 5.0 jubileumi verzi\u00f3ja m\u00e1rcius elej\u00e9n jelent meg. De a 5.1-es kernel fejleszt\u00e9se m\u00e1r folyamatban van. Ebben a cikkben megvizsg\u00e1lunk n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00faj\u00edt\u00e1st, amelyeket ebben a verzi\u00f3ban v\u00e1rhatunk.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/1cloud\/blog\/444078\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux 5.1 kernel \u2014 mit tudunk a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokr\u00f3l\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/020db917c52d819365f4ba43f18e6b17.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<i>\/ Flickr \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/ayumew\/35897335360\/\">ayu oshimi<\/a><\/noindex> \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/2.0\/\">CC BY-SA<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Megsz\u00fcntetik az a.out t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/h2>\n<p>\nA Linux t\u00e1mogatja a bin\u00e1ris f\u00e1jlokat. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Executable_and_Linkable_Format\">ELF<\/a><\/noindex> m\u00e1r az els\u0151 kernel verzi\u00f3 \u00f3ta. 25 \u00e9v eltelt\u00e9vel, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A.out\">a.out<\/a><\/noindex> tervezik, hogy elavult technol\u00f3gi\u00e1nak min\u0151s\u00edtik (deprecated). A fejleszt\u0151k azt mondj\u00e1k, hogy ez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges l\u00e9p\u00e9s, mivel az id\u0151 m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1val <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=eac616557050737a8d6ef6fe0322d0980ff0ffde\">a k\u00f3d elkezdett \"rothadni\".<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>Linus Torvalds k\u00fcl\u00f6n hangs\u00falyozta, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/torvalds\/linux.git\/commit\/?id=08300f4402abc0eb3bc9c91b27a529836710d32d\">hogy egyik l\u00e9tez\u0151 ford\u00edt\u00f3 sem k\u00e9sz\u00edt a.out form\u00e1tum\u00fa bin\u00e1ris f\u00e1jlokat, ez\u00e9rt m\u00e1r nincs \u00e9rtelme.<\/a><\/noindex>Az a.out elhagy\u00e1sa k\u00e9t l\u00e9p\u00e9sben t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik majd. A Linux 5.1-ben elt\u00e1vol\u00edtj\u00e1k a mem\u00f3riadump k\u00f3dot (<\/p>\n<p>core dumping<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8\">k\u00f3d) \u2014 ez<\/a><\/noindex> k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 500 sor <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-Dropping-A.Out\">. Linus szerint rendk\u00edv\u00fcl val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171tlen, hogy b\u00e1rkinek sz\u00fcks\u00e9ge lenne a r\u00e9gi k\u00f3d kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re, \u00e9s azoknak a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3knak, akik m\u00e9g mindig a.out v\u00e9grehajthat\u00f3 f\u00e1jlokat gener\u00e1lnak, idej\u00fck lesz \u00e1tszervezni az \u00fczleti folyamataikat.<\/a><\/noindex>A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 kiad\u00e1sokban a t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s teljesen megsz\u0171nik, de csak abban az esetben, ha a k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gben nem tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 olyan szem\u00e9ly, aki \u00e1tveszi a form\u00e1tum karbantart\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1sokat vezettek be a Spectre ellen ir\u00e1nyul\u00f3 jav\u00edt\u00e1sokban.<\/p>\n<h2>N\u00e9h\u00e1ny v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1st eszk\u00f6z\u00f6lnek a Retpoline patch-ben a Spectre v2 t\u00e1mad\u00e1s elleni v\u00e9delem \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben. Ez egy speci\u00e1lis utas\u00edt\u00e1si sorozatot haszn\u00e1l, amely blokkolja a processzor spekulat\u00edv v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si mechanizmus\u00e1t. A fejleszt\u0151k tervezik,<\/h2>\n<p>\nhogy az ugr\u00e1si oper\u00e1torokb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 k\u00f6zvetett h\u00edv\u00e1sok gener\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1nak k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9t \u00f6tr\u0151l husz\u00f3ra emelik. Bizonyos esetekben ez lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-Retpoline-GCC-Opt\">n\u00f6velni<\/a><\/noindex> a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny 20%-kal javuljon. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/patchwork\/patch\/1044863\/\">n\u00f6velni<\/a><\/noindex> A kernel 5.1<\/p>\n<p>\u00faj PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXEC flag-et kap, amely kikapcsolja a Spectre v4 sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g elleni v\u00e9delmet minden folyamatban fut\u00f3 gyermekfolyamatn\u00e1l a szerveren. Ez \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-PR_SPEC_DISABLE_NOEXE\">megkapja<\/a><\/noindex> memory disambiguation\u00a0<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Memory_disambiguation\">funkci\u00f3val, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette a parancsok soron k\u00edv\u00fcli v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t. A szak\u00e9rt\u0151k szerint a flag automatiz\u00e1lja a jav\u00edt\u00e1s kikapcsol\u00e1s\u00e1nak ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9t, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a nagy sz\u00e1m\u00fa p\u00e1rhuzamosan fut\u00f3 folyamattal rendelkez\u0151 szerverek gyors\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t. R\u00e9szletesebben err\u0151l<\/a><\/noindex>egy kor\u00e1bbi anyagunkban \u00edrtunk. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/1cloud\/blog\/442140\/\">Az \u00faj funkci\u00f3k, amelyek optimaliz\u00e1lj\u00e1k a Linux szerverek m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t, befoly\u00e1solhatj\u00e1k e rendszer n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t a felh\u0151alap\u00fa k\u00f6rnyezetekben.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><i>Mi a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=site\">statisztik\u00e1kat gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt\u00fcnk az \u00fcgyfeleink akt\u00edv szerverein haszn\u00e1lt oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszerekr\u0151l.<\/a><\/noindex> \u00d6sszegy\u0171jt\u00f6tt\u00fck a statisztik\u00e1t - az \u00fcgyfeleink k\u00f6r\u00e9ben a legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb felh\u0151oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer a Windows (79%). A Linux r\u00e9szesed\u00e9se 20%. A j\u00f6v\u0151ben v\u00e1rhat\u00f3an a m\u00e1sodik oper\u00e1ci\u00f3s rendszer n\u00e9mileg visszanyeri poz\u00edci\u00f3it a piacon. Ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl bemutatjuk a Linux disztrib\u00faci\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti r\u00e9szesed\u00e9s grafikonj\u00e1t (A legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb disztrib\u00faci\u00f3 az \u00fcgyfeleink k\u00f6r\u00e9ben az Ubuntu - 45%, ezt k\u00f6veti a CentOS 28%-kal \u00e9s a Debian 26%-kal.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux 5.1 kernel \u2014 mit tudunk a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokr\u00f3l\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ec7ce7b85e26a9d773809d000dcfd31c.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux 5.1 kernel \u2014 mit tudunk a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokr\u00f3l\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/197fef2e62364accb816376155a2488d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Hozz\u00e1adnak audiodrivereket (sok).<\/h2>\n<p>\nA Hacker News egyik sz\u00e1l\u00e1ban a lak\u00f3k <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/news.ycombinator.com\/item?id=18750836\">megjegyezt\u00e9k<\/a><\/noindex>, hogy a Linux mindig is neh\u00e9zs\u00e9gekkel k\u00fczd\u00f6tt a hardverek t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1ban. De az 5.1-es verzi\u00f3ba <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-Sound-Updates\">sok vezet\u0151<\/a><\/noindex> ker\u00fcl majd az audioeszk\u00f6z\u00f6kh\u00f6z.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul \u00e9rkezik egy vezet\u0151 a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=RME-Fireface-UCX-Linux\">Fireface UCX hangk\u00e1rty\u00e1hoz<\/a><\/noindex>, amely st\u00fadi\u00f3kban \u00e9s koncerttermekben val\u00f3 munk\u00e1ra orient\u00e1lt. Ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.soundonsound.com\/reviews\/rme-fireface-ucx\">hozz\u00e1adnak<\/a><\/noindex> MediaTek BTCVSD vezet\u0151t a Bluetooth chiphez, amelyet a MediaTek fejleszt\u0151i aj\u00e1nlottak.<\/p>\n<p>A v\u00e1rakoz\u00e1sok szerint t\u00e1mogatni fogj\u00e1k az Asahi Kasei Microdevices AK4497, Cirrus Logic CS4341\/CS35L26 \u00e9s a Google ChromeOS be\u00e9p\u00edtett vez\u00e9rl\u0151it. A list\u00e1n szerepel m\u00e9g az Ingenic JZ4725B, MT8183 \u00e9s MT6358, NXP MICFIL, Rockchip RK3328, Spreadtrum DMA vez\u00e9rl\u0151k \u00e9s m\u00e9g sok m\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Linux 5.1 kernel \u2014 mit tudunk a v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokr\u00f3l\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/ef4e02a23e7b3e4f1fa3c9683013b3ec.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>\/ Flickr \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/cmichel67\/19565381686\/\">Christopher Michel<\/a><\/noindex> \/ <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\">CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n<h2>Mit v\u00e1rhatunk m\u00e9g a Linux kernel 5.1-t\u0151l<\/h2>\n<p>\nA Phoronix szerint a fejleszt\u0151k <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-DAX-PMEM-AS-RAM\">visszahozhatj\u00e1k<\/a><\/noindex> a Linux 5.1-be a lehet\u0151s\u00e9get, hogy a tart\u00f3s mem\u00f3ri\u00e1t RAM-k\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen az Optane NVDIMM (3D Xpoint technol\u00f3gi\u00e1val k\u00e9sz\u00fclt) DDR4 buszra \u201e\u00e1t lehet alak\u00edtani\u201d operat\u00edv t\u00e1rol\u00f3v\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Tov\u00e1bbi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k a folyamatban l\u00e9v\u0151 munk\u00e1r\u00f3l olvashat\u00f3k <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/lkml.iu.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/1903.1\/01357.html\">a LKML sz\u00e1lban.<\/a><\/noindex>Jelenleg Linus <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/3\/10\/191\">v\u00e1rja a felt\u00e9telez\u00e9seket<\/a><\/noindex> az Intel fejleszt\u0151it\u0151l az Optane viselked\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l. Csak ezek meg\u00e9rkez\u00e9se ut\u00e1n d\u00f6nt arr\u00f3l, hogy \u00e9rdemes-e a \u00faj funkci\u00f3t az 5.1-es kernelbe beilleszteni.<\/p>\n<p>Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 v\u00e1rhat\u00f3ak olyan jav\u00edt\u00f3k, amelyek megoldj\u00e1k <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_2038_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0\">a 2038-as probl\u00e9m\u00e1t.<\/a><\/noindex>2038. janu\u00e1r 19-\u00e9n az id\u0151\u00e9rt\u00e9k m\u00e1r nem fog elf\u00e9rni a 32 bites al\u00e1\u00edrt eg\u00e9sz sz\u00e1mokban. Ez t\u00f6meges hib\u00e1kat okoz a programokban. Ez\u00e9rt a fejleszt\u0151k fokozatosan <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.phoronix.com\/scan.php?page=news_item&amp;px=Linux-5.1-Year-2038-Syscalls\">v\u00e1lnak m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1sokat<\/a><\/noindex> a megfelel\u0151 rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1sokban - az \u00faj kernel verzi\u00f3 sem lesz kiv\u00e9tel.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f6bb inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t a Linux kernel potenci\u00e1lis v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sair\u00f3l m\u00e1r a k\u00f6zeli j\u00f6v\u0151ben v\u00e1rhatunk. Folytatni fogjuk a cikkek \u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1t ezekr\u0151l.<\/p>\n<h5>A v\u00e1llalati blogunkban:<\/h5>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru\/blog\/ekonomiya-na-api?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=blog\">Hogyan sp\u00f3rolhatunk az API seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-failov?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=blog\">Hogyan v\u00e9dekezz\u00fcnk az adatveszt\u00e9s ellen<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/1cloud.ru\/blog\/osobennosti-i-polza-obektnyh-hranilish?utm_source=habrahabr&amp;utm_medium=cpm&amp;utm_campaign=kernel5.1&amp;utm_content=blog\">Hol hasznosak az objektum t\u00e1rol\u00f3k<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/1cloud\/blog\/444078\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u042e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.0 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 kernel 5.1 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438. \/ Flickr \/ ayu oshimi \/ CC BY-SA \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 a.out Linux \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b ELF \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430. \u0421\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f 25 \u043b\u0435\u0442, a.out \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - 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