{"id":53580,"date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-04T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/uyazvimosti-v-openbsd-pozvolyayushhie-povysit-privilegii-i-obojti-autentifikatsiyu-v-smtpd-ldapd-i-radiusd"},"modified":"2021-02-01T11:40:32","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T09:40:32","slug":"uyazvimosti-v-openbsd-pozvolyayushhie-povysit-privilegii-i-obojti-autentifikatsiyu-v-smtpd-ldapd-i-radiusd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-v-openbsd-pozvolyayushhie-povysit-privilegii-i-obojti-autentifikatsiyu-v-smtpd-ldapd-i-radiusd","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9gek az OpenBSD-ben, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a jogosults\u00e1gok emel\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s az smtpd, ldapd \u00e9s radiusd hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9nek megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Qualys c\u00e9g <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.qualys.com\/laws-of-vulnerabilities\/2019\/12\/04\/openbsd-multiple-authentication-vulnerabilities\">felt\u00e1rta<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00e9gy <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.qualys.com\/2019\/12\/04\/cve-2019-19521\/authentication-vulnerabilities-openbsd.txt\">sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gek<\/a><\/noindex> Az OpenBSD-ben egy ilyen hiba lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy n\u00e9h\u00e1ny h\u00e1l\u00f3zati szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1shoz hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcl csatlakozzanak t\u00e1volr\u00f3l, m\u00edg h\u00e1rom m\u00e1sik lehet\u0151s\u00e9get ad a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i jogosults\u00e1gok emel\u00e9s\u00e9re a rendszerben. A Qualys jelent\u00e9s\u00e9ben gyors reakci\u00f3t emelnek ki az OpenBSD fejleszt\u0151it\u0151l - minden probl\u00e9m\u00e1t kijav\u00edtottak. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openbsd.org\/errata66.html\">elh\u00e1r\u00edtottak<\/a><\/noindex> be. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openbsd.org\/errata65.html\">OpenBSD 6.5<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.openbsd.org\/errata66.html\">OpenBSD 6.6<\/a><\/noindex> 40 \u00f3r\u00e1n bel\u00fcl, a priv\u00e1t \u00e9rtes\u00edt\u00e9st k\u00f6vet\u0151en.<\/p>\n<p>A t\u00e1volr\u00f3l kihaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9get az okozza, hogy a libc k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rban a hiteles\u00edt\u00e9si folyamat kezel\u0151j\u00e9nek megh\u00edv\u00e1sakor hiba l\u00e9p fel, amely megh\u00edvja a<br \/>\nA program az \/usr\/libexec\/auth\/login_style, amely a parancssorbeli argumentumok \u00e1tad\u00e1s\u00e1val m\u0171k\u00f6dik. Az opci\u00f3s param\u00e9ter '-s service' haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val a protokoll neve is \u00e1tadhat\u00f3. Ha a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3n\u00e9v elej\u00e9n a '-' karakter szerepel, az a login_style ind\u00edt\u00e1sakor opci\u00f3k\u00e9nt lesz kezelve. Ennek megfelel\u0151en, ha a hiteles\u00edt\u00e9skor a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3n\u00e9v '-schallenge' vagy '-schallenge:passwd', akkor a login_style ezt a k\u00e9rd\u00e9st a kezel\u0151 k\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9nek tekinti. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S\/Key\">S\/Key<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p>A probl\u00e9ma az, hogy az S\/Key protokoll a login_style-ban csak form\u00e1lisan t\u00e1mogatott, a sikeres hiteles\u00edt\u00e9si jelz\u00e9s pedig val\u00f3j\u00e1ban figyelmen k\u00edv\u00fcl marad. \u00cdgy a t\u00e1mad\u00f3, akinek a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3n\u00e9v '-schallenge', megker\u00fclheti a hiteles\u00edt\u00e9st, \u00e9s hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9st nyerhet jelsz\u00f3 vagy kulcsok megad\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. Minden olyan h\u00e1l\u00f3zati szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s potenci\u00e1lisan \u00e9rintett lehet, amely az libc szabv\u00e1nyos h\u00edv\u00e1sait haszn\u00e1lja az autentik\u00e1ci\u00f3hoz. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s megker\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9nek lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t az smtpd (AUTH PLAIN), ldapd \u00e9s radiusd eset\u00e9ben is meger\u0151s\u00edtett\u00e9k.<\/p>\n<p>Az sshd-ben nem jelentkezik a s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g, mivel tov\u00e1bbi v\u00e9delmi mechanizmus van az \u0151 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i rendszerbeli ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re. Ennek ellen\u00e9re az sshd haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a rendszer s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9nek ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re - ha a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3n\u00e9v '-sresponse:passwd', a kapcsolat megszakad, mivel az sshd a login_passwd-t\u00f3l v\u00e1rja a h\u00edv\u00e1si param\u00e9terek (challenge) visszaad\u00e1s\u00e1t, m\u00edg a login_passwd az elmaradt param\u00e9terek (a '-sresponse' n\u00e9v opci\u00f3k\u00e9nt van kezelve) \u00e1tad\u00e1s\u00e1t v\u00e1rja. Potenci\u00e1lisan egy helyi t\u00e1mad\u00f3 megpr\u00f3b\u00e1lhatja megker\u00fclni a hiteles\u00edt\u00e9st a su seg\u00e9dprogramban, de a '-sresponse' n\u00e9v \u00e1tad\u00e1sa a folyamat \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezet, mivel a getpwnam_r('-schallenge', ...) f\u00fcggv\u00e9ny null pointer visszat\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9t okozza.<\/p>\n<p>Egy\u00e9b sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gek:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\">  CVE-2019-19520 \u2014 helyi jogosults\u00e1g-emel\u00e9s a xlock utilit\u00e1s manipul\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val, amely sgid jelz\u00e9ssel ker\u00fcl telep\u00edt\u00e9sre, \u00e9s a csoportot az \u201eauth\u201d \u00e9rt\u00e9kre v\u00e1ltoztatja. Az xlock k\u00f3dj\u00e1ban a k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakhoz val\u00f3 el\u00e9r\u00e9si utak fel\u00fcl\u00edr\u00e1sa csak felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i azonos\u00edt\u00f3 (setuid) v\u00e1lt\u00e1sakor tiltott, ami lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, hogy m\u00f3dos\u00edtsa a \u201eLIBGL_DRIVERS_PATH\u201d k\u00f6rnyezeti v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3t, \u00e9s bet\u00f6ltse a saj\u00e1t megosztott k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1r\u00e1t, amelynek k\u00f3dja a jogok emelked\u00e9se ut\u00e1n az \u201eauth\u201d csoport alatt fog v\u00e9grehajt\u00f3dni.<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2019-19522 \u2014 lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi, hogy a \u201eauth\u201d csoporthoz tartoz\u00f3 helyi felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 root jogosults\u00e1g\u00fa k\u00f3dot futtasson, amikor S\/Key vagy YubiKey alap\u00fa hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s van enged\u00e9lyezve a rendszerben (alap\u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s szerint inakt\u00edv). A \u201eauth\u201d csoporthoz val\u00f3 bel\u00e9p\u00e9s, amelyhez hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rhet az xlock fent eml\u00edtett sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9nek kihaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a f\u00e1jlok \u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1t a \/etc\/skey \u00e9s \/var\/db\/yubikey k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakba. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 \u00faj f\u00e1jlt adhat hozz\u00e1 a \/etc\/skey\/root \u00fatvonalhoz, hogy egyszer haszn\u00e1latos kulcsokat gener\u00e1ljon a root felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 S\/Key-elj\u00e1r\u00e1s alatti hiteles\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2019-19519 \u2014 lehet\u0151s\u00e9g a forr\u00e1skorl\u00e1tok emel\u00e9s\u00e9re a su utilit\u00e1s manipul\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val. A \u201e-L\u201d opci\u00f3 megad\u00e1sakor, amely a sikertelen hiteles\u00edt\u00e9si k\u00eds\u00e9rletek ism\u00e9telt pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sait jelzi, a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i oszt\u00e1ly csak egyszer ker\u00fcl be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sra, \u00e9s nem \u00e1ll vissza a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sok sor\u00e1n. A t\u00e1mad\u00f3 v\u00e9grehajthatja a \u201esu -l -L\u201d parancsot, \u00e9s az els\u0151 pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sban egy idegen bejelentkez\u00e9si n\u00e9v megad\u00e1sakor egy m\u00e1sik fi\u00f3k oszt\u00e1ly\u00e1val, de a m\u00e1sodik pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sn\u00e1l sikeresen bejelentkezhet a saj\u00e1t nev\u00e9vel. Ebben a helyzetben a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak a legels\u0151 pr\u00f3b\u00e1lkoz\u00e1skor megadott felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i oszt\u00e1lynak megfelel\u0151 korl\u00e1tokat \u00e1ll\u00edtanak be (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul maxim\u00e1lis folyamatok sz\u00e1ma vagy a mem\u00f3ria m\u00e9rete a folyamat sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra). A m\u00f3dszer csak nem privil\u00e9giz\u00e1lt felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3kt\u00f3l val\u00f3 korl\u00e1t-k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nz\u00e9sre m\u0171k\u00f6dik, mivel root felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3hoz a wheel csoportban val\u00f3 tags\u00e1g sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tov\u00e1bbi megjegyz\u00e9sk\u00e9nt <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/undeadly.org\/cgi?action=article;sid=20191202105849\">a megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1st<\/a><\/noindex> az OpenBSD \u00faj m\u00f3dszert dolgozott ki a rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1sok \u00e9rv\u00e9nyess\u00e9g\u00e9nek ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re, amely tov\u00e1bb nehez\u00edti a sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gek kihaszn\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t. A m\u00f3dszer csak akkor engedi a rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1sok v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1t, ha azokat el\u0151re regisztr\u00e1lt mem\u00f3riater\u00fcletekb\u0151l k\u00e9rik el. A mem\u00f3riater\u00fcletek megjel\u00f6l\u00e9s\u00e9hez <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/marc.info\/?l=openbsd-cvs&amp;m=157500930922882&amp;w=2\">aj\u00e1nlott<\/a><\/noindex> \u00faj rendszerh\u00edv\u00e1s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/man.openbsd.org\/msyscall\">msyscall()<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51979\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Qualys \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 OpenBSD, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0435 Qualys \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 OpenBSD &#8212; \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 OpenBSD 6.5 \u0438 OpenBSD 6.6 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 40 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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