{"id":53598,"date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-04T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:31","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:31","slug":"vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3","title":{"rendered":"Megjelent az nftables 0.9.3 csomagsz\u0171r\u0151","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/marc.info\/?l=linux-netdev&#038;m=157532146517289&#038;w=2\">Megjelent<\/a><\/noindex> csomagsz\u0171r\u0151 kiad\u00e1sa <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/netfilter.org\/projects\/nftables\/\">nftables 0.9.3<\/a><\/noindex>, amely az iptables, ip6tables, arptables \u00e9s ebtables helyettes\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re fejl\u0151dik, a csomagsz\u0171r\u00e9si interf\u00e9szek egys\u00e9ges\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u00e9s h\u00e1l\u00f3zati hidak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Az nftables csomag r\u00e9szek\u00e9nt felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i m\u00f3dban m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 csomagsz\u0171r\u0151 komponensek tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, m\u00edg a kernel szintj\u00e9n az nf_tables alrendszer biztos\u00edtja a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9st, amely a Linux 3.13-as kiad\u00e1s\u00e1t\u00f3l kezd\u0151d\u0151en el\u00e9rhet\u0151. Az nftables 0.9.3 kiad\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sok a j\u00f6v\u0151beli Linux kernel 5.5-\u00f6s verzi\u00f3j\u00e1nak r\u00e9szei.<\/p>\n<p>A kernel szintj\u00e9n csak egy \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos interf\u00e9sz biztos\u00edtott, amely f\u00fcggetlen a konkr\u00e9t protokollt\u00f3l, \u00e9s alapvet\u0151 funkci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt az adatok csomagokb\u00f3l val\u00f3 kinyer\u00e9s\u00e9re, az adatokkal val\u00f3 m\u0171veletekre \u00e9s az \u00e1raml\u00e1s kontroll\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Maguk a sz\u0171r\u00e9si logika \u00e9s a protokoll-specifikus kezel\u0151k a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rben bytek\u00f3dra fordulnak, amelyet ezut\u00e1n a Netlink interf\u00e9sz seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel bet\u00f6lt a kernelbe \u00e9s egy BPF-hez (Berkeley Packet Filters) hasonl\u00f3 speci\u00e1lis virtu\u00e1lis g\u00e9pen fut. Ez a megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s jelent\u0151sen cs\u00f6kkenti a kernel szintj\u00e9n fut\u00f3 sz\u0171r\u00e9si k\u00f3d m\u00e9ret\u00e9t, mik\u00f6zben az \u00f6sszes szab\u00e1lyfeldolgoz\u00e1ssal \u00e9s protokollokkal kapcsolatos logik\u00e1t a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rbe helyezi.<\/p>\n<p>F\u0151bb \u00faj\u00edt\u00e1sok:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u00e1mogatja az id\u0151 alap\u00fa csomagok p\u00e1ros\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t. Meghat\u00e1rozhat\u00f3k az id\u0151- \u00e9s d\u00e1tumtartom\u00e1nyok, amelyekben a szab\u00e1ly \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00fcl, valamint be\u00e1ll\u00edthat\u00f3 a sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1s egyes h\u00e9t napjaira is. \u00daj opci\u00f3k\u00e9nt ker\u00fclt hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1sra a &#171;-T&#187;, amely az epoch\u00e1lis id\u0151t m\u00e1sodpercekben adja meg.\n<p>     meta time &#092;&#187;2019-12-24 16:00&#092;&#187; &#8212; &#092;&#187;2020-01-02 7:00&#092;&#187;<br \/>\n     meta hour &#092;&#187;17:00&#092;&#187; &#8212; &#092;&#187;19:00&#092;&#187;<br \/>\n     meta day &#092;&#187;Fri&#092;&#187;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u00e1mogat\u00e1s az SELinux (secmark) c\u00edmk\u00e9k helyre\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s meg\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re.\n<p>     ct secmark set meta secmark<br \/>\n     meta secmark set ct secmark<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u00e1mogat\u00e1s a synproxy map-list\u00e1khoz, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik t\u00f6bb szab\u00e1ly meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1t a h\u00e1tt\u00e9r sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.\n<p>    t\u00e1bla ip foo {<br \/>\n            synproxy https-synproxy {<br \/>\n                    mss 1460<br \/>\n                    wscale 7<br \/>\n                    timestamp sack-perm<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            synproxy other-synproxy {<br \/>\n                    mss 1460<br \/>\n                    wscale 5<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            chain pre {<br \/>\n                    t\u00edpus sz\u0171r\u0151 horgony prerouting priorit\u00e1s nyers; politika elfogad\u00e1sa;<br \/>\n                    tcp dport 8888 tcp flags syn notrack<br \/>\n            }<\/p>\n<p>            l\u00e1nc bar {<br \/>\n                    t\u00edpus sz\u0171r\u0151 horgony forward priorit\u00e1s sz\u0171r\u0151; politika elfogad\u00e1sa;<br \/>\n                    ct \u00e1llapot \u00e9rv\u00e9nytelen, nyomon k\u00f6vetetlen synproxy n\u00e9v ip saddr t\u00e9rk\u00e9p { 192.168.1.0\/24 : &#171;https-synproxy&#187;, 192.168.2.0\/24 : &#171;other-synproxy&#187; }<br \/>\n            }<br \/>\n     }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Lehet\u0151s\u00e9g a set-csoportok dinamikus elemeinek elt\u00e1vol\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra a csomagsz\u0171r\u00e9si szab\u00e1lyokb\u00f3l.\n<p>     nft add rule &#8230; delete @set5 { ip6 saddr . ip6 daddr }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u00e1mogat\u00e1s VLAN egyeztet\u00e9s\u00e9re az azonos\u00edt\u00f3 \u00e9s protokoll alapj\u00e1n, amelyeket a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati h\u00edd interf\u00e9sz metaadatai hat\u00e1roznak meg;\n<p>        meta ibrpvid 100<br \/>\n        meta ibrvproto vlan<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> A &#171;-t&#187; (&#171;&#8212;terse&#187;) opci\u00f3 az elemek kiz\u00e1r\u00e1s\u00e1ra szolg\u00e1l a set-k\u00e9szletek megjelen\u00edt\u00e9sekor. A &#171;nft -t list ruleset&#187; v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1sakor a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 fog megjelenni:\n<p>    table ip x {<br \/>\n        set y {<br \/>\n                type ipv4_addr<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<p>A &#171;nft list ruleset&#187; eset\u00e9n<\/p>\n<p>    table ip x {<br \/>\n        set y {<br \/>\n                type ipv4_addr<br \/>\n                elements = { 192.168.10.2, 192.168.20.1,<br \/>\n                             192.168.4.4, 192.168.2.34 }<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n    }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Lehet\u0151s\u00e9g t\u00f6bb eszk\u00f6z megad\u00e1s\u00e1ra a netdev l\u00e1ncokban (csak 5.5-\u00f6s kernellel m\u0171k\u00f6dik), hogy egyes\u00edts\u00fck a t\u00edpusk\u00e9nti sz\u0171r\u00e9si szab\u00e1lyokat.\n<p>     add table netdev x<br \/>\n     add chain netdev x y { &#092;<br \/>\n        type filter hook ingress devices = { eth0, eth1 } priority 0;<br \/>\n     }<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Lehet\u0151s\u00e9g adat t\u00edpusaik le\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1nak hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1s\u00e1ra.\n<p>    # nft describe ipv4_addr<br \/>\n    datatype ipv4_addr (IPv4 c\u00edm) (basetype integer), 32 bit<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> CLI interf\u00e9sz \u00f6ssze\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge a linenoise k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rral a libreadline helyett.\n<p>     .\\\/configure &#8212;with-cli=linenoise<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51980\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 0.9.3, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b iptables, ip6table, arptables \u0438 ebtables \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 nftables \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 nf_tables, \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/news\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-0-9-3\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One 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