{"id":56025,"date":"2020-02-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-02T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/v-yadro-linux-5-6-vklyuchili-vpn-wireguard"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:04:11","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:04:11","slug":"v-yadro-linux-5-6-vklyuchili-vpn-wireguard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/v-yadro-linux-5-6-vklyuchili-vpn-wireguard","title":{"rendered":"A Linux 5.6 kernelbe be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a WireGuard VPN-t.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ma Linus \u00e1tvitte a net-next \u00e1gat VPN interf\u00e9szekkel. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/\">WireGuard<\/a><\/noindex>. Err\u0151l az esem\u00e9nyr\u0151l <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2020-January\/004906.html\">bejelentett\u00e9k<\/a><\/noindex> a WireGuard levelez\u0151list\u00e1j\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Linux 5.6 kernelbe be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a WireGuard VPN-t.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/d7a3107d3ba60f906fe446dceb3bdca6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nJelenleg a Linux 5.6 \u00faj kernel\u00e9hez sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges k\u00f3d gy\u0171jt\u00e9se zajlik. A WireGuard egy modern VPN, amelyben a leg\u00fajabb kriptogr\u00e1fiai megold\u00e1sok val\u00f3sultak meg. Eredetileg egy egyszer\u0171bb \u00e9s k\u00e9nyelmesebb alternat\u00edvak\u00e9nt fejlesztett\u00e9k ki a l\u00e9tez\u0151 VPN-ekhez k\u00e9pest. Az alkot\u00f3ja Jason A. Donenfeld, kanadai inform\u00e1ci\u00f3biztons\u00e1gi szakember. 2018 augusztus\u00e1ban a WireGuard <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.openwall.net\/netdev\/2018\/08\/02\/124\">elismer\u00e9st kapott<\/a><\/noindex> Linus Torvaldst\u00f3l. K\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl ekkor kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt el a VPN kernelbe val\u00f3 beilleszt\u00e9s\u00e9nek munk\u00e1ja. A folyamat kiss\u00e9 elh\u00faz\u00f3dott.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n\"L\u00e1tom, hogy Jason beny\u00fajtott egy pul-k\u00e9r\u00e9st a WireGuard kernelbe val\u00f3 beilleszt\u00e9s\u00e9re \u2014 \u00edrta Linus 2018. augusztus 2-\u00e1n. \u2014 Csak szeretn\u00e9m m\u00e9g egyszer kifejezni a szeretetemet e VPN ir\u00e1nt, \u00e9s b\u00edzom a gyors egyes\u00edt\u00e9sben. Tal\u00e1n a k\u00f3d nem t\u00f6k\u00e9letes, de \u00e1tn\u00e9ztem \u00e9s az OpenVPN \u00e9s az IPSec borzalmaihoz k\u00e9pest ez egy igazi m\u0171alkot\u00e1s.\"<\/p>\n<p>Linus k\u00edv\u00e1ns\u00e1ga ellen\u00e9re az egyes\u00edt\u00e9s m\u00e1sf\u00e9l \u00e9vig elh\u00faz\u00f3dott. A f\u0151 probl\u00e9ma a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny jav\u00edt\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben alkalmazott saj\u00e1t kriptogr\u00e1fiai funkci\u00f3khoz val\u00f3 k\u00f6t\u0151d\u00e9s volt. Hossz\u00fa t\u00e1rgyal\u00e1sok ut\u00e1n 2019 szeptember\u00e9ben <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2019-September\/004560.html\">kompromisszumos megold\u00e1s sz\u00fcletett<\/a><\/noindex> a kernelben l\u00e9v\u0151 Crypto API-ra val\u00f3 \u00e1tvitelre, amivel a WireGuard fejleszt\u0151inek teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nnyel \u00e9s \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos biztons\u00e1ggal kapcsolatos agg\u00e1lyai voltak. Azonban \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6ttek, hogy a WireGuard nat\u00edv kriptogr\u00e1fiai funkci\u00f3it elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edtik alacsony szint\u0171 Zinc API-k\u00e9nt, \u00e9s id\u0151vel portolj\u00e1k \u0151ket a kernelbe. Novemberben a kernel fejleszt\u0151i betartott\u00e1k az \u00edg\u00e9ret\u00fcket \u00e9s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2019-November\/004614.html\">elfogadt\u00e1k<\/a><\/noindex> a Zinc-b\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 k\u00f3d egy r\u00e9sz\u00e9nek az alapkernelbe val\u00f3 \u00e1tvitel\u00e9t. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Crypto API-hoz <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lore.kernel.org\/linux-crypto\/CAHmME9rxGp439vNYECm85bgibkVyrN7Qc+5v3r8QBmBXPZM=Dg@mail.gmail.com\/\">beleker\u00fcltek<\/a><\/noindex> a WireGuard \u00e1ltal el\u0151k\u00e9sz\u00edtett ChaCha20 \u00e9s Poly1305 algoritmusok gyors megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sait.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e9g\u00fcl, 2019. december 9-\u00e9n David S. Miller, aki a Linux kernel h\u00e1l\u00f3zati alrendszer\u00e9\u00e9rt felel\u0151s, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lists.zx2c4.com\/pipermail\/wireguard\/2019-December\/004704.html\">accepted<\/a><\/noindex> a net-next \u00e1gon <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lkml.org\/lkml\/2019\/12\/8\/240\">patch-ek<\/a><\/noindex> a WireGuard projekt VPN interf\u00e9sz megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1val.<\/p>\n<p>Ma, 2020. janu\u00e1r 29-\u00e9n a v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sok Linushoz ker\u00fcltek az kernelbe val\u00f3 beilleszt\u00e9shez.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Linux 5.6 kernelbe be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a WireGuard VPN-t.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/49ea5f8ed5e0d36d3ccaa974e1514086.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nA WireGuard \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3lagos el\u0151nyei m\u00e1s VPN megold\u00e1sokkal szemben:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u00f6nnyen haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3.\n<\/li>\n<li>Modern kriptogr\u00e1fi\u00e1t haszn\u00e1l: Noise protocol framework, Curve25519, ChaCha20, Poly1305, BLAKE2, SipHash24, HKDF stb.\n<\/li>\n<li>Kompakt \u00e9s olvashat\u00f3 k\u00f3d, k\u00f6nnyebben kutathat\u00f3 sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9gek ut\u00e1n.\n<\/li>\n<li>Magas teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny.\n<\/li>\n<li>Tiszta \u00e9s kidolgozott <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/papers\/wireguard.pdf\">TC39 Legacy RegExp funkci\u00f3k a JavaScriptben<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA WireGuard f\u0151 logik\u00e1ja mind\u00f6ssze 4000 sor k\u00f3dot ig\u00e9nyel, m\u00edg az OpenVPN \u00e9s az IPSec sz\u00e1mos sz\u00e1zezer sor. <\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A WireGuard eset\u00e9ben a titkos\u00edt\u00e1si kulcsokon alapul\u00f3 ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s koncepci\u00f3ja \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00fcl, ami azt jelenti, hogy minden h\u00e1l\u00f3zati interf\u00e9szhez egy priv\u00e1t kulcs kapcsol\u00f3dik, \u00e9s a nyilv\u00e1nos kulcsok \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k. A kapcsolatokhoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges nyilv\u00e1nos kulcsok cser\u00e9je az SSH-hoz hasonl\u00f3an t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik. A kulcsok egyeztet\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00e9s a kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1sra k\u00fcl\u00f6n felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i t\u00e9rben fut\u00f3 d\u00e9mon ind\u00edt\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl a Noise_IK mechanizmus alkalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1val ker\u00fcl sor <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/noiseprotocol.org\/\">Noise Protocol Framework<\/a><\/noindex>, amely hasonl\u00f3 az authorized_keys fenntart\u00e1s\u00e1hoz az SSH-ban. Az adat\u00e1tvitel UDP csomagokba t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 kapszul\u00e1z\u00e1son kereszt\u00fcl val\u00f3sul meg. T\u00e1mogatott a VPN-szerver IP-c\u00edm\u00e9nek v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sa (roaming) az \u00f6sszek\u00f6ttet\u00e9s megszak\u00edt\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl, automatikus kliens \u00fajrakonfigur\u00e1l\u00e1ssal, \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51997\">Ki vezeti be az IPv6-ot, \u00e9s mi lass\u00edtja annak fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t?<\/a><\/noindex> Opennet.<\/p>\n<p>For encryption <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.io\/protocol\/\">haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k<\/a><\/noindex> a stream cipher <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/chacha.html\">ChaCha20<\/a><\/noindex> and a message authentication algorithm (MAC) <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/mac.html\">AES-256-CTR \u00e9s<\/a><\/noindex>, developed by Daniel Bernstein (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/djb.html\">Daniel J. Bernstein<\/a><\/noindex>), Tanja Lange \u00e9s Peter Schwabe. A ChaCha20 \u00e9s Poly1305 gyorsabb \u00e9s biztons\u00e1gosabb alternat\u00edvak\u00e9nt vannak pozicion\u00e1lva az AES-256-CTR-hez \u00e9s HMAC-hez k\u00e9pest, amelyek szoftveres megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1sa lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a fix v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1si id\u0151t speci\u00e1lis hardveres t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tele n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. A k\u00f6z\u00f6s titkos kulcs gener\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz elliptikus g\u00f6rb\u00e9ken v\u00e9gzett Diffie-Hellman protokollt alkalmaznak <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/ecdh.html\">Curve25519<\/a><\/noindex>, amelyet Daniel Bernstein is javasolt. A hash-el\u00e9shez a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 algoritmust haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=35676\">BLAKE2s (RFC7693)<\/a><\/noindex>\u00bb.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nEredm\u00e9nyek <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/performance\/\">teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny tesztek<\/a><\/noindex> a hivatalos weboldalr\u00f3l:<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00c1tviteli sebess\u00e9g (megabit\/s)<\/b> <br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Linux 5.6 kernelbe be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a WireGuard VPN-t.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/62e73700bf3536fbc2d99ba92df4a67a.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>Ping (ms)<\/b> <br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"A Linux 5.6 kernelbe be\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k a WireGuard VPN-t.\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/597df63e420cd6f44cd5678dbad81160.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h4>Tesztek konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3ja:<\/h4>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Intel Core i7-3820QM \u00e9s Intel Core i7-5200U<\/li>\n<li>Gigabites Intel 82579LM \u00e9s Intel I218LM h\u00e1l\u00f3zati k\u00e1rty\u00e1k<\/li>\n<li>Linux 4.6.1<\/li>\n<li>WireGuard konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3: 256 bites ChaCha20 Poly1305-tel a MAC-hoz<\/li>\n<li>Els\u0151 IPsec konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3: 256 bites ChaCha20 Poly1305-tel a MAC-hoz<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1sodik IPsec konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3: AES-256-GCM-128 (AES-NI-vel)<\/li>\n<li>OpenVPN konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3: a 256 bites AES HMAC-SHA2-256-tel az UDP m\u00f3dhoz<\/li>\n<li>A teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt <code>iperf3<\/code>, a 30 perces \u00e1tlagos eredm\u00e9nyt mutatva m\u00e9rt\u00e9k.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nElm\u00e9letileg, a WireGuard h\u00e1l\u00f3zati veremben t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 integr\u00e1l\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n m\u00e9g gyorsabban kellene m\u0171k\u00f6dnie. De a val\u00f3s\u00e1gban ez nem felt\u00e9tlen\u00fcl igaz az integr\u00e1lt kriptogr\u00e1fiai funkci\u00f3kra val\u00f3 \u00e1tt\u00e9r\u00e9s miatt, a Crypto API-ra. Lehet, hogy nem minden funkci\u00f3t optimaliz\u00e1ltak m\u00e9g az eredeti WireGuard sebess\u00e9g\u00e9hez.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\"Szerintem a WireGuard t\u00f6k\u00e9letes a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Minden alacsony szint\u0171 megold\u00e1s szerepel a specifik\u00e1ci\u00f3ban, \u00edgy a tipikus VPN infrastrukt\u00fara el\u0151k\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9se mind\u00f6ssze n\u00e9h\u00e1ny percet vesz ig\u00e9nybe. Szerel\u00e9sben szinte lehetetlen elt\u00e9veszteni \u2014 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/432686\/\">\u00edrt\u00e1k<\/a><\/noindex> a Habr\u00e1n 2018-ban. \u2014 A telep\u00edt\u00e9si folyamat <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/install\/\">r\u00e9szletesen le van \u00edrva<\/a><\/noindex> a hivatalos weboldalon, k\u00fcl\u00f6n szeretn\u00e9m kiemelni a kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/openwrt.org\/docs\/guide-user\/network\/tunneling_interface_protocols#protocol_wireguard_wireguard_vpn\">t\u00e1mogat\u00e1st az OpenWRT sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/a><\/noindex>. A haszn\u00e1lat egyszer\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t \u00e9s a k\u00f3dalap kompakt mivolt\u00e1t a kulcsok terjeszt\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l val\u00f3 lemond\u00e1ssal \u00e9rt\u00e9k el. Itt nincs bonyolult tan\u00fas\u00edtv\u00e1nyrendszer \u00e9s az a rengeteg v\u00e1llalati r\u00e9m\u00e1lom, a r\u00f6vid titkos\u00edt\u00f3 kulcsok terjeszt\u00e9se k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl \u00fagy t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, mint az SSH-kulcsok\u00e9.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nA WireGuard projekt 2015 \u00f3ta fejl\u0151dik, \u00e1tment az auditon \u00e9s <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wireguard.com\/formal-verification\/\">formal verification<\/a><\/noindex>. A WireGuard t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa integr\u00e1lva van a NetworkManagerbe \u00e9s a systemd-be, a kernelhez k\u00e9sz\u00fclt jav\u00edt\u00e1sok pedig a Debian Unstable, Mageia, Alpine, Arch, Gentoo, OpenWrt, NixOS, Subgraph \u00e9s ALT disztrib\u00faci\u00f3k alapcsomagj\u00e1t k\u00e9pezik.<br \/>\n<br \/>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/dcmiran\/blog\/486046\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0451\u0441 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 net-next \u0441 VPN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 WireGuard. \u041e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 WireGuard. \u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.6. WireGuard \u2014 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 VPN \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c VPN. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u00a0\u2014 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0451\u0441 \u043a \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 net-next \u0441 VPN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 WireGuard.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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