{"id":71917,"date":"2020-02-29T08:54:13","date_gmt":"2020-02-29T05:54:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/balansirovka-nagruzki-s-pomoshhyu-aws-elb"},"modified":"2020-03-03T16:14:06","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T13:14:06","slug":"balansirovka-nagruzki-s-pomoshhyu-aws-elb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/balansirovka-nagruzki-s-pomoshhyu-aws-elb","title":{"rendered":"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mindenkinek hell\u00f3! M\u00e1r ma elindul a kurzus <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/otus.pw\/EBsK\/\">\u201eAWS fejleszt\u0151knek\u201d<\/a><\/noindex>, ez\u00e9rt megval\u00f3s\u00edtottunk egy megfelel\u0151 tematikus webin\u00e1riumot, amely az ELB \u00e1ttekint\u00e9s\u00e9re \u00f6sszpontos\u00edtott. Megvizsg\u00e1ltuk a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 t\u00edpusokat, \u00e9s l\u00e9trehoztunk n\u00e9h\u00e1ny EC2 p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyt a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3val. Tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 m\u00e1s felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1si p\u00e9ld\u00e1kat is tanulm\u00e1nyoztunk.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ad01e706fd18742f7199346081874a44.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=L3e5bylykOU\">A webin\u00e1rium meghallgat\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n<\/a><\/noindex>, \u00d6n k\u00e9pes lesz: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>meg\u00e9rteni, mi az az AWS Load Balancing;<\/li>\n<li>ismerni az Elastic Load Balancer t\u00edpusait \u00e9s \u00f6sszetev\u0151it;<\/li>\n<li>az AWS ELB-t alkalmazni a gyakorlat\u00e1ban.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nMi\u00e9rt fontos ezt tudni:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>hasznos, ha AWS tan\u00fas\u00edt\u00f3 vizsg\u00e1kat k\u00edv\u00e1n tenni;<\/li>\n<li>egyszer\u0171 m\u00f3dja a terhel\u00e9s eloszt\u00e1s\u00e1nak a szerverek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt;<\/li>\n<li> egyszer\u0171 m\u00f3dja a Lambda hozz\u00e1ad\u00e1s\u00e1nak a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz (ALB).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA ny\u00edlt \u00f3r\u00e1t vezette <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/otus.pw\/rjXk\/\">Rishat Teregulov<\/a><\/noindex>, rendszerm\u00e9rn\u00f6k egy weboldalakat fejleszt\u0151 \u00e9s karbantart\u00f3 marketingc\u00e9gn\u00e9l.<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h3>Bevezet\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<p>\nAz Elastic Load Balancer defin\u00edci\u00f3j\u00e1t al\u00e1bb l\u00e1that\u00f3 diagramon tekintheti meg, amely bemutatja a legegyszer\u0171bb p\u00e9ld\u00e1t: <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/3cee42a12bcc3c16ebf18e38921c1a25.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nA Load Balancer fogadja a k\u00e9r\u00e9seket \u00e9s elosztja azokat a p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. Van egy k\u00fcl\u00f6n p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyunk, Lambda funkci\u00f3ink \u00e9s egy Auto Scaling csoportunk (szerverek csoportja). <\/p>\n<h3>AWS ELB t\u00edpusok<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>1. Tekints\u00fck \u00e1t az alapvet\u0151 t\u00edpusokat<\/b>:<\/p>\n<p>Classic Load Balancer. Az AWS els\u0151 terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3ja, m\u0171k\u00f6dik a 4. \u00e9s 7. OSI r\u00e9tegen, t\u00e1mogatja a HTTP, HTTPS, TCP \u00e9s SSL protokollokat. Alapvet\u0151 terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1st biztos\u00edt t\u00f6bb Amazon EC2 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, \u00e9s m\u0171k\u00f6dik a k\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e9s a kapcsolat szintj\u00e9n is. Nyissuk meg (sz\u00fcrk\u00e9vel kiemelve):<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/34ecf8bb89d3dbc9c822813bf4e212e6.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nEz a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 elavultnak sz\u00e1m\u00edt, ez\u00e9rt csak k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges esetekben aj\u00e1nlott haszn\u00e1lni. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul olyan alkalmaz\u00e1sokhoz, amelyek az EC2\u2011Classic h\u00e1l\u00f3zatra \u00e9p\u00fcltek. Egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt senki sem akad\u00e1lyoz meg minket abban, hogy l\u00e9trehozzuk:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/0cc18b7a1bc617af6847723a4459e161.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<b>2. Network Load Balancer.<\/b> Nagy terhel\u00e9shez ide\u00e1lis, a 4. OSI r\u00e9tegen m\u0171k\u00f6dik (haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 EKS \u00e9s ECS eset\u00e9n), t\u00e1mogatja a TCP, UDP \u00e9s TLS protokollokat. <\/p>\n<p>A Network Load Balancer a forgalmat a c\u00e9lobjektumokhoz ir\u00e1ny\u00edtja az Amazon VPC-n bel\u00fcl, \u00e9s k\u00e9pes kezelni milli\u00f3 k\u00e9r\u00e9st m\u00e1sodpercenk\u00e9nt, rendk\u00edv\u00fcl alacsony k\u00e9sleltet\u00e9ssel. Emellett optimaliz\u00e1lva van a hirtelen \u00e9s v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3 terhel\u00e9s\u0171 forgalmi modellek kezel\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n<p><b>3. Application Load Balancer<\/b>. A 7. szinten m\u0171k\u00f6dik, t\u00e1mogatja a Lambda-t, szab\u00e1lyokat alkalmaz a fejl\u00e9ceken \u00e9s \u00fatvonalakon, \u00e9s t\u00e1mogatja a HTTP \u00e9s HTTPS protokollokat. <br \/>\nAlkalmaz\u00e1s-alap\u00fa architekt\u00far\u00e1kra, bele\u00e9rtve a mikroszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokat \u00e9s kont\u00e9nereket alapozva, a k\u00e9r\u00e9sir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s kiterjesztett megold\u00e1sait biztos\u00edtja. A forgalmat a c\u00e9lobjektumokra ir\u00e1ny\u00edtja az Amazon VPC-n innen, a k\u00e9r\u00e9s tartalma alapj\u00e1n. <\/p>\n<p>Sok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra az Application Load Balancer els\u0151k\u00e9nt helyettes\u00edti a Classic Load Balancert, mivel a TCP nem olyan elterjedt, mint a HTTP.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00e9sz\u00edts\u00fcnk egyet, \u00edgy m\u00e1r k\u00e9t terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3nk lesz:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/581b6c8d2861d634892f5bffac2e61d9.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 komponensei<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>A terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00f6s komponensei<\/b> (minden terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3ra jellemz\u0151):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si napl\u00f3z\u00e1si ir\u00e1nyelv<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u2014 az ELB hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si napl\u00f3id. A be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok elv\u00e9gz\u00e9s\u00e9hez l\u00e9pjen a Le\u00edr\u00e1sra, \u00e9s v\u00e1lassza az \u201eAttrib\u00fatumok szerkeszt\u00e9se\u201d gombot:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/26e649c163db320139fec38db6da5a4d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nEzut\u00e1n adja meg az S3Bucket-et \u2014 az Amazon objektumt\u00e1rol\u00f3t:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/6840a9867f8c33f29dcc3776f96cdbc2.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>S\u00e9m\u00e1k <\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u2014 bels\u0151 vagy k\u00fcls\u0151 terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3. Az a l\u00e9nyeg, hogy a LoadBalancernek kell-e k\u00fcls\u0151 c\u00edmeket kapnia ahhoz, hogy el\u00e9rhet\u0151 legyen k\u00edv\u00fclr\u0151l, vagy lehet ez a bels\u0151 terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Biztons\u00e1gi csoportok<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u2014 hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s-vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3hoz. L\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben ez egy magas szint\u0171 t\u0171zfal.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/23116f4ecf2b1b8fa29549aa1ee47cf1.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/ed63c80c7ee5e0843a64dc494bded4c0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Alh\u00e1l\u00f3zatok<\/b> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u2014 alh\u00e1l\u00f3zatok az \u00d6n VPC-j\u00e9n bel\u00fcl (ezek szerint az el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3n\u00e1k). Az alh\u00e1l\u00f3zatokat a l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1skor adj\u00e1k meg. Ha a VPC r\u00e9gi\u00f3ra van korl\u00e1tozva, az alh\u00e1l\u00f3zatok az el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3n\u00e1kra korl\u00e1toz\u00f3dnak. Amikor terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3t hoz l\u00e9tre, \u00e9rdemes azt legal\u00e1bb k\u00e9t alh\u00e1l\u00f3zatban l\u00e9trehozni (ez seg\u00edt, ha az egyik el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3n\u00e1val probl\u00e9m\u00e1k mer\u00fcln\u00e9nek fel); <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Hallgat\u00f3k<\/b> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u2014 a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 protokolljai. Mint m\u00e1r eml\u00edtett\u00fck, a Classic Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben ez lehet HTTP, HTTPS, TCP \u00e9s SSL, a Network Load Balancer eset\u00e9n \u2014 TCP, UDP \u00e9s TLS, az Application Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben pedig HTTP \u00e9s HTTPS.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00e9lda a Classic Load Balancer-re:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/6a63f184d0d33c6ad70c007853c1daba.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nViszont az Application Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben egy kicsit m\u00e1s fel\u00fcletet l\u00e1tunk, \u00e9s \u00f6sszess\u00e9g\u00e9ben m\u00e1s logik\u00e1t:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/6cb81a09a92efc63a95a6d5fcc7f63df.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 komponensek v2 (ALB \u00e9s NLB)<\/h3>\n<p>\nMost r\u00e9szletesebben megvizsg\u00e1ljuk a 2. verzi\u00f3s Application Load Balancer \u00e9s Network Load Balancer terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3kat. Ezek a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3k saj\u00e1t komponens saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gokkal rendelkeznek. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul megjelent egy olyan fogalom, mint a C\u00e9lcsoportok \u2014 p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyok (\u00e9s funkci\u00f3k). Ennek a komponensnek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00fcnk ny\u00edlt megadni, hogy mely C\u00e9lcsoportokra szeretn\u00e9nk ir\u00e1ny\u00edtani a forgalmat.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/4bd252ecc69967c2dd47a0da5a66f7ba.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/12e6a6b664bc77c17ca45db9683ae932.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nEgyszer\u0171 szavakkal, a C\u00e9lcsoportokban azokat a p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyokat hat\u00e1rozzuk meg, ahova a forgalom \u00e9rkezik. Ha a Classic Load Balancer eset\u00e9n egyszer\u0171en csatlakoztatja a p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyokat a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3hoz, akkor az Application Load Balancer eset\u00e9n el\u0151sz\u00f6r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>l\u00e9trehozza a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3t;<\/li>\n<li>l\u00e9trehozza a c\u00e9lcsoportot;<\/li>\n<li>a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges portok vagy Load Balancer szab\u00e1lyok alapj\u00e1n a megfelel\u0151 Target Group-ok fel\u00e9 ir\u00e1ny\u00edtod;<\/li>\n<li>a Target Group-okban p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyokat rendelsz hozz\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nEz a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si logika bonyolultabbnak t\u0171nhet, de val\u00f3j\u00e1ban k\u00e9nyelmesebb. <\/p>\n<p>A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 \u00f6sszetev\u0151 \u2014 <b>Listener szab\u00e1lyok<\/b> (routing szab\u00e1lyok). Ez m\u00e1r csak az Application Load Balancer-re vonatkozik. Ha a Network Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben egyszer\u0171en l\u00e9trehozol egy Listener-t, \u00e9s az konkr\u00e9t Target Group-ra ir\u00e1ny\u00edtja a forgalmat, akkor az Application Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben minden <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/L3e5bylykOU?t=1414\">sz\u00f3rakoztat\u00f3bb \u00e9s k\u00e9nyelmesebb<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/1e6c0edcf7db4a8eb336b1d653ef14c2.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nMost besz\u00e9lj\u00fcnk egy kicsit a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 \u00f6sszetev\u0151r\u0151l \u2014 <b>Elastic IP<\/b> (statikus c\u00edmek az NLB sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra). Ha a Listener szab\u00e1lyok a routing-ra vonatkoztak az Application Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben, akkor az Elastic IP csak a Network Load Balancer-re vonatkozik. <\/p>\n<p>Hozzuk l\u00e9tre a Network Load Balancer-t:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/fadb6aae1ac199ab2a8cd2b024ce008d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/116a54e4011f88ab360ae0d82211fd49.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\n\u00c9ppen a l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s folyamat\u00e1ban l\u00e1tni fogjuk, hogy lehet\u0151s\u00e9g van Elastic IP v\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1ra:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/a959a74f438f2455aabdd7249c750f0d.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAz Elastic IP egyetlen IP-c\u00edmet biztos\u00edt, amelyet k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 EC2 p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyokhoz lehet kapcsolni az id\u0151 m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1val. Ha egy EC2 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny rendelkezik Elastic IP-c\u00edmmel, \u00e9s ez a p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny le\u00e1llt vagy le lett \u00e1ll\u00edtva, akkor az Elastic IP-hez egy \u00faj EC2 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny azonnal csatlakoztathat\u00f3. \u00cdgy a jelenlegi alkalmaz\u00e1sod nem \u00e1ll le, mivel az alkalmaz\u00e1sok ugyanazt az IP-c\u00edmet l\u00e1tj\u00e1k, m\u00e9g ha a konkr\u00e9t EC2 meg is v\u00e1ltozott. <\/p>\n<p>\u00cdme <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/L3e5bylykOU?t=2086\">m\u00e9g egy haszn\u00e1lati eset<\/a><\/noindex> az\u00e9rt, hogy mire j\u00f3 az Elastic IP. N\u00e9zd, h\u00e1rom IP-c\u00edmet l\u00e1tunk, de ezek nem maradnak itt \u00f6r\u00f6kre: <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/62f1b41f4ef217e7dc015d7b16136839.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nAz Amazon id\u0151vel v\u00e1ltoztatja \u0151ket, ezt ak\u00e1r 60 m\u00e1sodpercenk\u00e9nt megteheti (de a gyakorlatban term\u00e9szetesen ritk\u00e1bban). Ez\u00e9rt az IP-c\u00edmek megv\u00e1ltozhatnak. A Network Load Balancer eset\u00e9ben \u00e9ppen azt teheti, hogy az IP-t hozz\u00e1rendelheti, \u00e9s megadhatja a szab\u00e1lyaiban, politik\u00e1iban stb. <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s az AWS ELB seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/b2d98ff6f0682347372a0e74d246a3bf.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Levonjuk a k\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9seket<\/h3>\n<p>\nAz ELB automatikus forgalomeloszt\u00e1st biztos\u00edt a bej\u00f6v\u0151 forgalom sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra t\u00f6bb c\u00e9lobjektum k\u00f6z\u00f6tt (kont\u00e9nerek, Amazon EC2 p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyok, IP-c\u00edmek \u00e9s Lambda funkci\u00f3k). Az ELB k\u00e9pes forgalmat elosztani v\u00e1ltoz\u00f3 teher mellett, ak\u00e1r egy el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3n\u00e1n bel\u00fcl, ak\u00e1r t\u00f6bb el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3na k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. A felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 h\u00e1rom k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 t\u00edpus\u00fa balancer k\u00f6z\u00fcl v\u00e1laszthat, amelyek biztos\u00edtj\u00e1k a magas rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00e1st, az automatikus sk\u00e1l\u00e1z\u00e1st \u00e9s a megfelel\u0151 v\u00e9delmet. Mindez fontos az alkalmaz\u00e1said megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1nak biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n<p>F\u0151 el\u0151ny\u00f6k:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>magas rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00e1s<\/b>. A szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1si meg\u00e1llapod\u00e1sban 99,99%-os rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00e1s van a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul t\u00f6bb el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3na biztos\u00edtja, hogy a forgalmat csak a hib\u00e1tlan objektumok kezelj\u00e9k. Val\u00f3j\u00e1ban terhel\u00e9st lehet elosztani az eg\u00e9sz r\u00e9gi\u00f3ban, ir\u00e1ny\u00edtva a forgalmat a hib\u00e1tlan c\u00e9lobjektumok fel\u00e9 a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 el\u00e9rhet\u0151s\u00e9gi z\u00f3n\u00e1kban;<\/li>\n<li><b>biztons\u00e1g<\/b>. Az ELB az Amazon VPC-vel m\u0171k\u00f6dik, k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 biztons\u00e1gi lehet\u0151s\u00e9geket biztos\u00edtva \u2014 bele\u00e9rtve az integr\u00e1lt tan\u00fas\u00edtv\u00e1nykezel\u00e9st, a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i hiteles\u00edt\u00e9st \u00e9s az SSL\/TLS titkos\u00edt\u00e1st. Mindez k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott \u00e9s rugalmas TLS-be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok kezel\u00e9s\u00e9t teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9;<\/li>\n<li><b>rugalmass\u00e1g<\/b>. Az ELB k\u00e9pes kezelni a hirtelen v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sokat a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati forgalomban. A m\u00e9ly integr\u00e1ci\u00f3 az Auto Scaling-gel elegend\u0151 er\u0151forr\u00e1st biztos\u00edt az alkalmaz\u00e1s sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, ha a terhel\u00e9s v\u00e1ltozik, \u00edgy manu\u00e1lis beavatkoz\u00e1sra nincs sz\u00fcks\u00e9g;<\/li>\n<li><b>flexibilit\u00e1s<\/b>. IP-c\u00edmeket lehet alkalmazni a k\u00e9r\u00e9sek c\u00e9lobjektumokhoz val\u00f3 ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Ez garant\u00e1lja a rugalmass\u00e1got a c\u00e9lalkalmaz\u00e1sok virtualiz\u00e1l\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve ezzel t\u00f6bb alkalmaz\u00e1s egyidej\u0171 futtat\u00e1s\u00e1t egy p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyon. Mivel az alkalmaz\u00e1sok egy h\u00e1l\u00f3zati portot haszn\u00e1lhatnak, \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6n biztons\u00e1gi csoportokkal rendelkeznek, egyszer\u0171bb\u00e9 v\u00e1lik az alkalmaz\u00e1sok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti interakci\u00f3, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul ha mikroszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok alap\u00fa architekt\u00far\u00e1r\u00f3l van sz\u00f3;<\/li>\n<li><b>monitoroz\u00e1s \u00e9s audit\u00e1l\u00e1s<\/b>. Az alkalmaz\u00e1sok val\u00f3s idej\u0171 monitoroz\u00e1sa lehets\u00e9ges az Amazon CloudWatch funkci\u00f3inak haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val. Ezek metrik\u00e1kat, napl\u00f3kat \u00e9s a k\u00e9r\u00e9sek nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s\u00e9t jelentik. Egyszer\u0171 kifejez\u00e9sekkel \u00e9lve, k\u00e9pes lesz probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat azonos\u00edtani \u00e9s meglehet\u0151sen pontosan meg\u00e1llap\u00edtani a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny sz\u0171k keresztmetszeteit;<\/li>\n<li><b>hibrid terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s<\/b>. A terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00e1s lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge a helyi er\u0151forr\u00e1sok \u00e9s az AWS k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, ugyanazzal a terhel\u00e9seloszt\u00f3val megk\u00f6nny\u00edti a helyi alkalmaz\u00e1sok migr\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1t vagy felh\u0151be t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 b\u0151v\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t. Egyszer\u0171bb\u00e9 v\u00e1lik a hibakezel\u00e9s a felh\u0151 haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1val is.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nHa tov\u00e1bbi r\u00e9szletekre k\u00edv\u00e1ncsi, \u00edme m\u00e9g p\u00e1r hasznos hivatkoz\u00e1s az Amazon hivatalos oldal\u00e1r\u00f3l:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ru\/elasticloadbalancing\/\">Elastic Load Balancing<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/ru\/elasticloadbalancing\/features\/\">Az Elastic Load Balancing lehet\u0151s\u00e9gei.<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/otus\/blog\/490232\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! \u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441 \u00abAWS \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u00bb, \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0443 ELB. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432 EC2 \u0441 \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u0410 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440, \u0432\u044b \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435: \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 AWS Load Balancing; \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b Elastic Load Balancer \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":71918,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442! 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