{"id":79489,"date":"2020-04-27T19:41:58","date_gmt":"2020-04-27T17:41:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/legkij-sposob-zashhitit-svoj-mikrotik-ot-atak"},"modified":"2020-04-27T19:41:58","modified_gmt":"2020-04-27T17:41:58","slug":"legkij-sposob-zashhitit-svoj-mikrotik-ot-atak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/legkij-sposob-zashhitit-svoj-mikrotik-ot-atak","title":{"rendered":"Egyszer\u0171 m\u00f3dja a Mikrotik v\u00e9delm\u00e9nek t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok ellen.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Szeretn\u00e9m megosztani a k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9ggel egy egyszer\u0171 \u00e9s m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 m\u00f3dszert, amellyel a Mikrotik seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel megv\u00e9dhetj\u00fck a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatunkat \u00e9s az azt haszn\u00e1l\u00f3 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokat a k\u00fcls\u0151 t\u00e1mad\u00e1sokt\u00f3l. Nevezetesen mind\u00f6ssze h\u00e1rom szab\u00e1llyal l\u00e9trehozhatunk egy honeypot-ot a Mikrotik-en. <\/p>\n<p>Tegy\u00fck fel, hogy van egy kis irod\u00e1nk, ahol egy RDP szerver tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a k\u00fcls\u0151 IP m\u00f6g\u00f6tt, hogy a munkav\u00e1llal\u00f3k t\u00e1volr\u00f3l dolgozhassanak. Az els\u0151 szab\u00e1ly term\u00e9szetesen az, hogy v\u00e1ltoztassuk meg a 3389-es portot a k\u00fcls\u0151 interf\u00e9szen egy m\u00e1sikra. De ez nem tart sok\u00e1ig, p\u00e1r nap m\u00falva a termin\u00e1lszerver audit napl\u00f3ja elkezd mutatni n\u00e9h\u00e1ny sikertelen bejelentkez\u00e9st m\u00e1sodpercenk\u00e9nt ismeretlen kliensekt\u0151l. <\/p>\n<p>Egy m\u00e1sik helyzet, amikor a Mikrotik m\u00f6g\u00f6tt egy asterisk b\u00fajik meg, term\u00e9szetesen nem a 5060-as udp porton, \u00e9s p\u00e1r nap m\u00falva m\u00e1r kezd\u0151dik a jelszavak felt\u00f6r\u00e9se... igen, tudom, hogy a fail2ban a megold\u00e1sunk, de azon is m\u00e9g dolgozni kell... p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul nemr\u00e9giben telep\u00edtettem az Ubuntu 18.04-re, \u00e9s meglepet\u00e9semre felfedeztem, hogy a fail2ban alapb\u00f3l nem tartalmaz aktu\u00e1lis be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokat az asterisk-hez ugyanarr\u00f3l az Ubuntu disztr\u00f3l... \u00e9s nem tudok gyors be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokat keresni a k\u00e9sz \"receptekhez\", mert az \u00faj verzi\u00f3k sz\u00e1mai egyre n\u0151nek az \u00e9vek m\u00fal\u00e1s\u00e1val, m\u00edg a r\u00e9gi verzi\u00f3khoz \u00edrt cikkek m\u00e1r nem m\u0171k\u00f6dnek, \u00e9s az \u00fajabbak alig bukkannak fel... De elkalandoztam...<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nTeh\u00e1t, mi az a honeypot r\u00f6viden \u2014 ez egy csali, a mi eset\u00fcnkben egy n\u00e9pszer\u0171 port a k\u00fcls\u0151 IP-n, b\u00e1rmilyen k\u00e9r\u00e9s erre a portra a k\u00fcls\u0151 kliens r\u00e9sz\u00e9r\u0151l automatikusan a forr\u00e1s IP-t fekete list\u00e1ra k\u00fcldi. Ennyi.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">\/ip firewall filter\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=&quot;Honeypot Hacker&quot; \n    address-list-timeout=30d0h0m chain=input comment=&quot;block honeypot ssh rdp winbox&quot; \n    connection-state=new dst-port=22,3389,8291 in-interface=\n    ether4-wan protocol=tcp\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=&quot;Honeypot Hacker&quot; \n    address-list-timeout=30d0h0m chain=input comment=\n    &quot;block honeypot asterisk&quot; connection-state=new dst-port=5060 \n    in-interface=ether4-wan protocol=udp \n\/ip firewall raw\nadd action=drop chain=prerouting in-interface=ether4-wan src-address-list=\n    &quot;Honeypot Hacker&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nAz els\u0151 szab\u00e1ly a n\u00e9pszer\u0171 TCP portok 22, 3389, 8291 eset\u00e9n az ether4-wan k\u00fcls\u0151 interf\u00e9szen a \"vend\u00e9g\" IP-j\u00e9t a \"Honeypot Hacker\" list\u00e1ra k\u00fcldi (a ssh, rdp \u00e9s winbox portokat el\u0151re letiltottuk vagy m\u00e1sokra v\u00e1ltoztattuk). A m\u00e1sodik szab\u00e1ly ugyanezt teszi a n\u00e9pszer\u0171 UDP 5060-as porton is.<\/p>\n<p>A harmadik szab\u00e1ly a pre-routing szakaszban eldobja azokat a \"vend\u00e9g\" csomagokat, akiknek a forr\u00e1s c\u00edme a \"Honeypot Hacker\" list\u00e1ra ker\u00fclt.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00e9t h\u00e9t otthoni Mikrotikom m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9se ut\u00e1n a \"Honeypot Hacker\" lista k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl m\u00e1sf\u00e9l ezer IP c\u00edmet tartalmazott, akik szerett\u00e9k volna \"megszorongatni\" a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati er\u0151forr\u00e1saimat (otthon saj\u00e1t telefon\u00e1l\u00e1s, e-mail, nextcloud, rdp tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3). A brute-force t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok megsz\u0171ntek, elj\u00f6tt a boldogs\u00e1g. <\/p>\n<p>A munkahelyen nem minden olyan egyszer\u0171, ott az rdp szervert tov\u00e1bbra is t\u00e1madj\u00e1k a jelszavak felt\u00f6r\u00e9se r\u00e9v\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dagy t\u0171nik, hogy a port sz\u00e1m\u00e1t a szkenner m\u00e1r r\u00e9g\u00f3ta \u00e9szlelte a honeypot bekapcsol\u00e1sa el\u0151tt, \u00e9s a karant\u00e9n alatt nem volt olyan egyszer\u0171 \u00e1tkonfigur\u00e1lni t\u00f6bb mint 100 felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3t, akiknek 20%-a 65 \u00e9v felett van. Ha a portot nem lehet megv\u00e1ltoztatni, van egy kis m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 recept. Hasonl\u00f3t l\u00e1ttam az interneten, de itt van egy kis finomhangol\u00e1s: <\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">Port Knocking be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1si szab\u00e1lyok<\/b><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\"> \/ip firewall filter\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_blacklist \n    address-list-timeout=15m chain=forward comment=rdp_to_blacklist \n    connection-state=new dst-port=3389 protocol=tcp src-address-list=\n    rdp_stage12\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage12 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage11\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage11 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage10\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage10 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage9\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage9 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage8\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage8 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage4\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage7 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage6\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage6 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage5\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage5 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=\n    3389 protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage4\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage4 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=\n    3389 protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage3\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage3 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage2\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage2 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage1\nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_stage1 \n    address-list-timeout=4m chain=forward connection-state=new dst-port=3389 \n    protocol=tcp \n\/ip firewall raw\nadd action=drop chain=prerouting in-interface=ether4-wan src-address-list=\nrdp_blacklist\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n4 perc alatt a t\u00e1voli kliensnek csak 12 \u00faj 'k\u00e9r\u00e9st' enged\u00e9lyeznek az RDP-hez. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/server\/dts-shicago\/\"   title=\"szerverhez\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2877\">szerverhez<\/a>. Egy bejelentkez\u00e9si k\u00eds\u00e9rlet 1-4 'k\u00e9r\u00e9st' jelent. A 12. 'k\u00e9r\u00e9s' eset\u00e9n 15 perces tilalom l\u00e9p \u00e9letbe. Az \u00e9n esetemben a t\u00e1mad\u00f3k nem hagyt\u00e1k abba a szerver felt\u00f6r\u00e9s\u00e9t, alkalmazkodtak az id\u0151z\u00edt\u0151kh\u00f6z, \u00e9s most nagyon lassan csin\u00e1lj\u00e1k, ez a sebess\u00e9g gyakorlatilag null\u00e1ra cs\u00f6kkenti a t\u00e1mad\u00e1s hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t. A v\u00e1llalat munkat\u00e1rsai az elfogadott int\u00e9zked\u00e9sekt\u0151l gyakorlatilag nem szenvednek k\u00e9nyelmetlens\u00e9get a munk\u00e1juk sor\u00e1n. <\/p>\n<p>                        <b class=\"spoiler_title\">M\u00e9g egy kis tr\u00fckk<\/b><br \/>\n                         Ez a szab\u00e1ly id\u0151z\u00edtve van \u00e9jf\u00e9lkor bekapcsolva \u00e9s 5 \u00f3rakor kikapcsolva, amikor az \u00e9l\u0151 emberek biztosan alszanak, m\u00edg az automatiz\u00e1lt keres\u0151k tov\u00e1bb \u00e9bren vannak.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"plaintext\">\/ip firewall filter \nadd action=add-src-to-address-list address-list=rdp_blacklist \n    address-list-timeout=1w0d0h0m chain=forward comment=\n    &quot;night_rdp_blacklist&quot; connection-state=new disabled=\n    yes dst-port=3389 protocol=tcp src-address-list=rdp_stage8<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nM\u00e1r a 8. kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1skor a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 IP-j\u00e9t egy h\u00e9tre feketelist\u00e1ra helyezik. Sz\u00e9ps\u00e9g!<\/p>\n<p>A fent eml\u00edtetthez m\u00e9g annyit f\u0171zn\u00e9k hozz\u00e1, hogy itt van egy link a Wiki cikkhez, a Mikrotik v\u00e9delmi be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sair\u00f3l a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati szkennerekkel szemben. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.mikrotik.com\/wiki\/Drop_port_scanners\">wiki.mikrotik.com\/wiki\/Drop_port_scanners<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Az \u00e9n eszk\u00f6zeimen ez a be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s a fent le\u00edrt honeypot szab\u00e1lyokkal egy\u00fctt m\u0171k\u00f6dik, j\u00f3l kieg\u00e9sz\u00edtve \u0151ket.<\/p>\n<p>UPD: Ahogy a kommentekben jelezt\u00e9k, a csomagok eldob\u00e1s\u00e1nak szab\u00e1ly\u00e1t a RAW-ba helyezt\u00e9k, hogy cs\u00f6kkents\u00e9k a router terhel\u00e9s\u00e9t.<br \/>\n<br \/>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/499146\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 Mikrotik \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u00ab\u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u00bb \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a. \u0410 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 honeypot. \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441, \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 IP \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 RDP \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0425\u043e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 Mikrotik \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e 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