{"id":80532,"date":"2020-05-07T01:42:17","date_gmt":"2020-05-06T23:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/problemy-s-dns-v-kubernetes-publichnyj-postmortem"},"modified":"2020-05-07T01:42:17","modified_gmt":"2020-05-06T23:42:17","slug":"problemy-s-dns-v-kubernetes-publichnyj-postmortem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/problemy-s-dns-v-kubernetes-publichnyj-postmortem","title":{"rendered":"DNS probl\u00e9m\u00e1k a Kubernetesben. Nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i><b>Megjegyz\u00e9s:<\/b> ez a v\u00e1llalat m\u00e9rn\u00f6ki blogj\u00e1b\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem ford\u00edt\u00e1sa <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/preply.com\/\">Preply<\/a><\/noindex>. A dokumentum le\u00edrja a conntrack probl\u00e9m\u00e1t a Kubernetes klaszterben, ami n\u00e9h\u00e1ny termel\u00e9si szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s r\u00e9szleges le\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezetett.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Ez a cikk hasznos lehet azok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, akik t\u00f6bbet szeretn\u00e9nek megtudni a posztmortemekr\u0151l, vagy meg akarj\u00e1k el\u0151zni a potenci\u00e1lis DNS probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat a j\u00f6v\u0151ben.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DNS probl\u00e9m\u00e1k a Kubernetesben. Nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/0e841b0231f11171d52d82030cd1df21.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Ez nem DNS<br \/>\nNem lehet, hogy ez DNS<br \/>\nEz DNS volt<\/i><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<h2>Egy kis tudnival\u00f3 a posztmortemekr\u0151l \u00e9s a Preply folyamatokr\u00f3l<\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A posztmortem a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si zavarokat vagy esem\u00e9nyeket \u00edrja le a termel\u00e9sben. A posztmortem tartalmazza az esem\u00e9nyek id\u0151vonal\u00e1t, a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3kra gyakorolt hat\u00e1st, az els\u0151dleges okokat, a tennival\u00f3kat \u00e9s az ebb\u0151l levont tanuls\u00e1gokat.<\/p>\n<p><i><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/shop.oreilly.com\/product\/0636920063964.do\">Seeking SRE<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\nA heti, pizz\u00e1val egybek\u00f6t\u00f6tt megbesz\u00e9l\u00e9seinken a technikai csapat k\u00f6r\u00e9ben k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat osztunk meg. Az ilyen megbesz\u00e9l\u00e9sek legfontosabb r\u00e9szei k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak a posztmortemek, amelyeket legt\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043friz\u00e1ci\u00f3val \u00e9s m\u00e9lyebb elemz\u00e9ssel k\u00eds\u00e9r\u00fcnk. B\u00e1r a posztmortemek ut\u00e1n nem tapsolunk, pr\u00f3b\u00e1ljuk fejleszteni a \"hib\u00e1tlan kult\u00far\u00e1t\" (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/codeascraft.com\/2012\/05\/22\/blameless-postmortems\/\">blameless culture<\/a><\/noindex>). Hisz\u00fcnk abban, hogy a posztmortemek \u00edr\u00e1sa \u00e9s bemutat\u00e1sa seg\u00edthet nek\u00fcnk (\u00e9s m\u00e1soknak) a hasonl\u00f3 esem\u00e9nyek j\u00f6v\u0151beni megel\u0151z\u00e9s\u00e9ben, ez\u00e9rt osztjuk meg \u0151ket.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Az incidensbe beleavatkoz\u00f3 szem\u00e9lyeknek \u00e9rezni\u00fck kell, hogy r\u00e9szletesen besz\u00e9lhetnek r\u00f3la, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl, hogy a b\u00fcntet\u00e9st\u0151l vagy v\u00e9dekez\u00e9st\u0151l kellene tartaniuk. Nincs elmarasztal\u00e1s! A posztmortem \u00edr\u00e1sa nem b\u00fcntet\u00e9s, hanem tanul\u00e1si lehet\u0151s\u00e9g az eg\u00e9sz v\u00e1llalat sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<p><i><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/devblog.axway.com\/dev-insights\/keep-calms-devops-s-sharing\/\">Keep CALMS &amp; DevOps: S is for Sharing<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>DNS probl\u00e9m\u00e1k a Kubernetesben. Posztmortem<\/h2>\n<p>\n<b>D\u00e1tum:<\/b> 28.02.2020<\/p>\n<p><b>Szerz\u0151k:<\/b> Amet U., Andrey S., Igor K., Alexey P.<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00c1llapot:<\/b> Befejezve<\/p>\n<p><b>R\u00f6viden:<\/b> DNS r\u00e9szleges el\u00e9rhetetlens\u00e9g (26 perc) n\u00e9h\u00e1ny szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a Kubernetes klaszterben<\/p>\n<p><b>Hat\u00e1s:<\/b> 15000 esem\u00e9ny elveszett az A, B \u00e9s C szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra<\/p>\n<p><b>Els\u0151dleges ok:<\/b> A Kube-proxy nem tudta helyesen elt\u00e1vol\u00edtani a r\u00e9gi bejegyz\u00e9st a conntrack t\u00e1bl\u00e1b\u00f3l, ez\u00e9rt egyes szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok tov\u00e1bbra is a nem l\u00e9tez\u0151 podokhoz pr\u00f3b\u00e1ltak csatlakozni<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">E0228 20:13:53.795782       1 proxier.go:610] A kube-system\/kube-dns:dns v\u00e9gpont kapcsolatok t\u00f6rl\u00e9se nem siker\u00fclt, hiba: hiba t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt a conntrack bejegyz\u00e9sek t\u00f6rl\u00e9sekor az UDP t\u00e1rs {100.64.0.10, 100.110.33.231} eset\u00e9n, hiba: a conntrack parancs visszat\u00e9rt: ...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b>Trigger:<\/b> Az alacsony terhel\u00e9s miatt a Kubernetes klaszterben a CoreDNS-autoscaler cs\u00f6kkentette a podok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t a telep\u00edt\u00e9sben h\u00e1rmr\u00f3l kett\u0151re<\/p>\n<p><b>Megold\u00e1s:<\/b> A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 alkalmaz\u00e1s telep\u00edt\u00e9se \u00faj csom\u00f3pontok l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1t ind\u00edtotta el, a CoreDNS-autoscaler t\u00f6bb podot adott hozz\u00e1 a klaszter kiszolg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, ami a conntrack t\u00e1bl\u00e1zat fel\u00fcl\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1t okozta.<\/p>\n<p><b>Felfedez\u00e9s:<\/b> A Prometheus monitoroz\u00e1s nagy sz\u00e1m\u00fa 5xx hib\u00e1t \u00e9szlelt az A, B \u00e9s C szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokn\u00e1l, \u00e9s \u00e9rtes\u00edtette a hivat\u00e1sos m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6ket.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DNS probl\u00e9m\u00e1k a Kubernetesben. Nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/14a2216ce7564f05c6dc3e7cb1c3dbb0.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>5xx hib\u00e1k a Kibana-ban.<\/i><\/p>\n<h3>M\u0171veletek<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>M\u0171velet<br \/>\nT\u00edpus<br \/>\nFelel\u0151s<br \/>\nFeladat<\/p>\n<p>Az automatikus sk\u00e1l\u00e1z\u00f3t le kell \u00e1ll\u00edtani a CoreDNS sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<br \/>\nmegakad\u00e1lyozni<br \/>\nAmet U.<br \/>\nDEVOPS-695<\/p>\n<p>Cache-el\u0151 DNS-szerver be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa.<br \/>\ncs\u00f6kkenteni<br \/>\nMax V.<br \/>\nDEVOPS-665<\/p>\n<p>Conntrack monitoroz\u00e1s be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa.<br \/>\nmegakad\u00e1lyozni<br \/>\nAmet U.<br \/>\nDEVOPS-674<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Tanulm\u00e1nyozott leck\u00e9k.<\/h3>\n<p>\n<b>Mi ment j\u00f3l:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A monitoroz\u00e1s pontosan m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt. A reakci\u00f3 gyors \u00e9s szervezett volt.<\/li>\n<li>Nem \u00fctk\u00f6zt\u00fcnk semmilyen hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9kbe a csom\u00f3pontokon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Mi volt rossz:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A val\u00f3s ok tov\u00e1bbra is ismeretlen, \u00fagy t\u0171nik, hogy <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/kubernetes\/kubernetes\/issues\/66651\">specifikus hiba<\/a><\/noindex> a conntrack-ban.<\/li>\n<li>Minden l\u00e9p\u00e9s csak a k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeket jav\u00edtja, nem az okot (hib\u00e1t).<\/li>\n<li>Tudtuk, hogy el\u0151bb vagy ut\u00f3bb probl\u00e9m\u00e1ink lehetnek a DNS-szel, de nem prioriz\u00e1ltuk a feladatokat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b>Hol volt szerencs\u00e9nk:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 telep\u00edt\u00e9s kiv\u00e1ltotta a CoreDNS-autoscalert, amely fel\u00fcl\u00edrta a conntrack t\u00e1bl\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li>Ez a hiba csak n\u00e9h\u00e1ny szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1st \u00e9rintett.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Id\u0151vonal (EET)<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Id\u0151<br \/>\nM\u0171velet<\/p>\n<p>22:13<br \/>\nA CoreDNS-autoscaler cs\u00f6kkentette a podok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t h\u00e1romr\u00f3l kett\u0151re.<\/p>\n<p>22:18<br \/>\nA hivat\u00e1sos m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6k h\u00edv\u00e1sokat kezdtek kapni a monitoroz\u00f3 rendszert\u0151l.<\/p>\n<p>22:21<br \/>\nA hivat\u00e1sos m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6k elkezdt\u00e9k kider\u00edteni a hib\u00e1k ok\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>22:39<br \/>\nA hivat\u00e1sos m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6k elkezdt\u00e9k vissza\u00e1ll\u00edtani az egyik legut\u00f3bbi szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1st a kor\u00e1bbi verzi\u00f3ra.<\/p>\n<p>22:40<br \/>\nA 5xx hib\u00e1k megsz\u0171ntek, a helyzet stabiliz\u00e1l\u00f3dott.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Felfedez\u00e9si id\u0151:<\/b> 4 perc<\/li>\n<li><b>Cselekv\u00e9si id\u0151:<\/b> 21 perc<\/li>\n<li><b>Jav\u00edt\u00e1si id\u0151:<\/b> 1 perc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3>Dokument\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CoreDNS napl\u00f3k:\n<pre><code class=\"bash\">I0228 20:13:53.507780       1 event.go:221] Esem\u00e9ny(v1.ObjectReference{Kind:\"Deployment\", Namespace:\"kube-system\", Name:\"coredns\", UID:\"2493eb55-3dc0-11ea-b3a2-02bb48f8c230\", APIVersion:\"apps\/v1\", ResourceVersion:\"132690686\", FieldPath:\"\"}): t\u00edpus: 'Norm\u00e1lis' ok: 'ScalingReplicaSet' Cs\u00f6kkentett m\u00e1solatk\u00e9szlet coredns-6cbb6646c9 2-re<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>Hivatkoz\u00e1sok a Kibana-ra (csonk\u00edtva), Grafana (csonk\u00edtva).<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.projectcalico.org\/when-linux-conntrack-is-no-longer-your-friend\/\">Ahol a Linux conntrack m\u00e1r nem a bar\u00e1tod.<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/blog\/2019\/03\/29\/kube-proxy-subtleties-debugging-an-intermittent-connection-reset\/\">kube-proxy \u00e1rnyalatok: Intermittens kapcsolat-vissza\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s hibakeres\u00e9se.<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.weave.works\/blog\/racy-conntrack-and-dns-lookup-timeouts\">Versenyt\u00e1rs conntrack \u00e9s DNS lek\u00e9rdez\u00e9si id\u0151t\u00fall\u00e9p\u00e9sek.<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nA processzorhaszn\u00e1lat minimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben a Linux mag egy olyan dolgot haszn\u00e1l, mint a conntrack. R\u00f6viden, ez egy eszk\u00f6z, amely egy NAT-bejegyz\u00e9ssorozatot tartalmaz, amely egy speci\u00e1lis t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatban van t\u00e1rolva. Amikor a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 csomag ugyanabb\u00f3l a podb\u00f3l \u00e9rkezik, mint kor\u00e1bban, a v\u00e9gs\u0151 IP-c\u00edm nem lesz \u00fajrasz\u00e1m\u00edtva, hanem a conntrack t\u00e1bl\u00e1b\u00f3l ker\u00fcl felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sra.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"DNS probl\u00e9m\u00e1k a Kubernetesben. Nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/895db4057ee0912e16e017c6e3134162.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Hogyan m\u0171k\u00f6dik a conntrack.<\/i><\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6sszegz\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<p>\nEz volt az egyik posztmortem\u00fcnk p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja, n\u00e9h\u00e1ny hasznos linkkel. Kifejezetten ebben a cikkben olyan inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat osztunk meg, amelyek m\u00e1s c\u00e9gek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra hasznosak lehetnek. Ez\u00e9rt nem f\u00e9l\u00fcnk hib\u00e1zni, \u00e9s ez\u00e9rt tett\u00fck egyik posztmortem\u00fcnket nyilv\u00e1noss\u00e1. \u00cdme m\u00e9g n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9rdekes nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>GitLab: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/about.gitlab.com\/blog\/2017\/02\/10\/postmortem-of-database-outage-of-january-31\/\">A janu\u00e1r 31-i adatb\u00e1zis le\u00e1ll\u00e1s posztmortemje<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Dropbox: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/dropbox.tech\/infrastructure\/outage-post-mortem\">Le\u00e1ll\u00e1s posztmortem<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Spotify: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/labs.spotify.com\/2017\/03\/31\/spotifys-lovehate-relationship-with-dns\/\">Spotify szeretet\/gy\u0171l\u00f6let kapcsolata a DNS-sel<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Sok m\u00e1s a <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/gist.github.com\/cheapRoc\/d9e73fe05480330c1e36410cbdf0e867\">mostani g\u00edst\u0151l<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9s a t\u00e1rol\u00f3t\u00f3l <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/hjacobs\/kubernetes-failure-stories\">Kubernetes hibat\u00f6rt\u00e9netek<\/a><\/noindex><\/li>\n<li>Ezenk\u00edv\u00fcl <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/landing.google.com\/sre\/sre-book\/chapters\/postmortem\/\">p\u00e9ld\u00e1m<\/a><\/noindex> nyilv\u00e1nos posztmortem az SRE K\u00f6nyvvel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Forr\u00e1s: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/500346\/\">habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c. \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432.: \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Preply. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441 conntrack \u0432 Kubernetes-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043a \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0448\u043d\u0430. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 DNS \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 DNS \u041d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":80533,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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