{"id":88905,"date":"2020-07-16T07:42:06","date_gmt":"2020-07-16T05:42:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu"},"modified":"2020-07-16T07:42:06","modified_gmt":"2020-07-16T05:42:06","slug":"apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/apache-nginx-svyazany-odnoj-czepyu","title":{"rendered":"Apache & Nginx. Egy l\u00e1ncba k\u00f6tve.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Hogyan val\u00f3sul meg az Apache \u00e9s Nginx \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1sa a Timeweben<\/i><\/p>\n

Sok v\u00e1llalat sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra az Nginx + Apache + PHP egy nagyon tipikus \u00e9s elterjedt kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3, \u00e9s a Timeweb sem volt kiv\u00e9tel. Azonban \u00e9rdekes \u00e9s hasznos lehet meg\u00e9rteni, pontosan hogyan is val\u00f3sul meg ez. <\/p>\n

\"Apache
\n
\nEnnek a kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3nak a haszn\u00e1lata term\u00e9szetesen \u00fcgyfeleink sz\u00fcks\u00e9gleteit t\u00fckr\u00f6zi. Az Nginx \u00e9s az Apache k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges szerepet j\u00e1tszik, mindkett\u0151 egy-egy feladatot old meg.<\/p>\n

Alapvet\u0151 be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sok Apache<\/b> az Apache konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s f\u00e1jljaiban t\u00f6rt\u00e9nnek, m\u00edg az \u00fcgyf\u00e9loldali webhelyek be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sai a .htaccess f\u00e1jlon kereszt\u00fcl<\/b>. .htaccess egy konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3s f\u00e1jl, amelyben az \u00fcgyf\u00e9l saj\u00e1t maga be\u00e1ll\u00edthatja a webkiszolg\u00e1l\u00f3 szab\u00e1lyait \u00e9s viselked\u00e9s\u00e9t. Ez a be\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s kifejezetten az \u0151 webhely\u00e9re vonatkozik. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az Apache funkci\u00f3ja lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, hogy egy PHP verzi\u00f3n bel\u00fcl m\u00f3dos\u00edts\u00e1k a m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si m\u00f3dot mod_php-r\u0151l mod_cgi-re; be\u00e1ll\u00edthat\u00f3ak \u00e1tir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1sok, SEO optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s, k\u00e9nyelmes URL-ek, valamint bizonyos PHP hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9kek.<\/p>\n

Nginx<\/b> proxy-kiszolg\u00e1l\u00f3k\u00e9nt m\u0171k\u00f6dik a forgalom Apache-ra val\u00f3 \u00e1tir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, \u00e9s webszerver<\/a> statikus tartalom kiszolg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Az Nginx-hez biztons\u00e1gi modulokat is kifejlesztett\u00fcnk, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik az \u00fcgyfeleink adatainak v\u00e9delm\u00e9t, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9si jogok elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t. <\/p>\n

K\u00e9pzelj\u00fck el, hogy egy felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 bel\u00e9p egy \u00fcgyfel\u00fcnk webhely\u00e9re. El\u0151sz\u00f6r a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 az Nginx-re \u00e9rkezik, amely statikus tartalmat szolg\u00e1ltat. Ez azonnal megt\u00f6rt\u00e9nik. Ezut\u00e1n, amikor a PHP bet\u00f6lt\u00e9se k\u00f6vetkezik, az Nginx \u00e1tir\u00e1ny\u00edtja a k\u00e9r\u00e9st az Apache-ra. Az Apache \u00e9s a PHP m\u00e1r gener\u00e1lja a dinamikus tartalmat.<\/p>\n

Az Apache \u00e9s Nginx Timeweb-i kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak saj\u00e1toss\u00e1gai <\/h3>\n

\nA virtu\u00e1lis hosztol\u00e1sunkon 2 f\u0151 m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9si s\u00e9ma val\u00f3sult meg Apache \u00e9s Nginx k\u00f6z\u00f6tt: Megosztott \u00e9s Dedik\u00e1lt<\/b>.
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nA Megosztott s\u00e9ma<\/b><\/p>\n

Ez a s\u00e9ma a legt\u00f6bb felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak k\u00e9sz\u00fclt. Egyszer\u0171s\u00e9ge \u00e9s er\u0151forr\u00e1s-ig\u00e9nye jellemzi: a Megosztott s\u00e9ma kevesebb er\u0151forr\u00e1st haszn\u00e1l, ez\u00e9rt tarif\u00e1ja is olcs\u00f3bb. E s\u00e9ma szerint egy Nginx fut a szerveren, amely lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi minden felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3i k\u00e9r\u00e9s kiszolg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb Apache p\u00e9ld\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n

A Megosztott s\u00e9ma sok\u00e1ig fejl\u0151d\u00f6tt: fokozatosan jav\u00edtottuk a hib\u00e1kat. K\u00e9nyelmes, hogy ezt a kiindul\u00e1si k\u00f3d m\u00f3dos\u00edt\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl is meg lehet val\u00f3s\u00edtani.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nMegosztott s\u00e9ma <\/i><\/p>\n

Dedik\u00e1lt s\u00e9ma<\/b><\/p>\n

A Dedicated server requires more resources, which is why its plan is more expensive for clients. In the Dedicated scheme, each client has their own separate Apache instance. Resources are reserved exclusively for the client. Here's how it works: the server has several PHP versions. We support versions 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4. Thus, a separate Apache instance runs for each PHP version.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nDedicated scheme<\/i><\/p>\n

Safe zone. Configuring zones in Nginx<\/h3>\n

\nPreviously, we used many shared memory zones (zone) for Nginx \u2014 one server block per domain. This setup requires a lot of resources, as a separate zone is created for each site. However, most sites have similar settings, so they can be grouped into one zone by using the map directives in the ngx_http_map_module<\/b>, which allow for defining mappings. For instance, we have a zone template that needs to include variables: the path to the site, the PHP version, and the user. This way, it speeds up the reloading of Nginx configuration.<\/p>\n

Such configuration significantly saved resources and improved Nginx performance.<\/p>\n

Reload will not succeed! <\/h3>\n

\nIn the Shared scheme, we eliminated the need for Apache reloads when changing site settings. Previously, when a client wanted to add a domain or change the PHP version, an Apache reload was mandatory, which caused response delays and negatively affected site performance.<\/p>\n

We removed reloads by creating dynamic configurations. Thanks to mpm-itk<\/a><\/noindex> (an Apache module), each process runs under a separate user, enhancing security. This method allows passing user data and their document_root from Nginx to Apache2. Thus, Apache does not hold the site configurations, but receives them dynamically, eliminating the need for reloads.<\/p>\n

\"Apache
\nConfiguration of the Shared scheme<\/i> <\/p>\n

What about Docker?<\/h3>\n

\nMany companies have switched to container-based systems. Timeweb is currently considering such a transition. Naturally, each solution has its pros and cons. <\/p>\n

A kont\u00e9neres rendszer k\u00e9ts\u00e9gtelen el\u0151nyei mellett a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 kevesebb er\u0151forr\u00e1st kap. A Timeweb-n\u00e9l, a le\u00edrt hoszting munkarendnek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en, a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3nak nincsen korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sa a mem\u00f3ri\u00e1ra. T\u00f6bb er\u0151forr\u00e1st kap, mint a kont\u00e9nerben. Ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 t\u00f6bb Apache modult is bet\u00f6lthet.<\/p>\n

A Timeweb k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 500 000 webhely m\u0171k\u00f6dtet\u00e9s\u00e9t biztos\u00edtja. Nagy felel\u0151ss\u00e9get v\u00e1llalunk, \u00e9s nem hajtunk v\u00e9gre azonnali, indokolatlan v\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1sokat a bonyolult architekt\u00far\u00e1ban. Az Apache & Nginx \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1sa megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 \u00e9s id\u0151ben bev\u00e1lt. Mi is arra t\u00f6reksz\u00fcnk, hogy maximaliz\u00e1ljuk a teljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyt egyedi konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3inkkal.<\/p>\n

A sok webhely gyors \u00e9s sz\u00ednvonalas m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9se \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges az Apache \u00e9s Nginx sablonos \u00e9s dinamikus konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak haszn\u00e1lata. Ez lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a hasonl\u00f3 szerverek egyszer\u0171 \u00e9s gyors adminisztr\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t.
\n
Forr\u00e1s: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 Apache & Nginx \u0432 Timeweb \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 Nginx + Apache + PHP \u2014 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430, \u0438 Timeweb \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0418 Nginx \u0438 Apache \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":88906,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Apache & Nginx. 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