{"id":90281,"date":"2020-07-30T13:42:14","date_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-uma-tech-infrastrukturu-razvivala"},"modified":"2020-07-30T13:42:14","modified_gmt":"2020-07-30T11:42:14","slug":"kak-uma-tech-infrastrukturu-razvivala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/hu\/blog\/administrirovanie\/kak-uma-tech-infrastrukturu-razvivala","title":{"rendered":"Hogyan fejl\u0151d\u00f6tt az Uma.Tech infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1ja","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00daj szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokat ind\u00edtottunk, n\u00f6vekedett a forgalom, szervereket v\u00e1ltottunk, \u00faj helysz\u00edneket csatlakoztattunk \u00e9s \u00e1talak\u00edtottuk az adatk\u00f6zpontokat \u2013 most pedig elmes\u00e9lj\u00fck ezt a t\u00f6rt\u00e9netet, melynek kezdet\u00e9vel \u00f6t \u00e9ve ismerkedt\u00fcnk meg.<\/i>.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\u00d6t \u00e9v \u2013 jellemz\u0151 id\u0151szak a r\u00e9szleges eredm\u00e9nyek \u00f6sszegz\u00e9s\u00e9re. Ez\u00e9rt \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6tt\u00fcnk, hogy besz\u00e1molunk az infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1nk fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9r\u0151l, amely ez id\u0151 alatt rendk\u00edv\u00fcl \u00e9rdekes fejl\u0151d\u00e9si utat tett meg, amire b\u00fcszk\u00e9k vagyunk. Az \u00e1ltalunk megval\u00f3s\u00edtott mennyis\u00e9gi v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sok min\u0151s\u00e9gi javul\u00e1sokhoz vezettek, most az infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1nk k\u00e9pes olyan \u00fczemm\u00f3dokban m\u0171k\u00f6dni, amelyek a m\u00falt \u00e9vtized k\u00f6zep\u00e9n m\u00e9g fant\u00e1zi\u00e1nak t\u0171ntek. <\/p>\n

A leg\u00f6sszetettebb projekteket biztos\u00edtjuk, amelyek rendk\u00edv\u00fcli megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1gi \u00e9s terhel\u00e9si k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyekkel rendelkeznek, ilyenek p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a PREMIER \u00e9s a Match TV. A sportk\u00f6zvet\u00edt\u00e9sek \u00e9s n\u00e9pszer\u0171 sorozatok premierje sor\u00e1n terabite per m\u00e1sodperces forgalomra van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, amit k\u00f6nnyed\u00e9n megval\u00f3s\u00edtunk, \u00e9s ez oly gyakran t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, hogy ezek a sebess\u00e9gek m\u00e1r r\u00e9g\u00f3ta mindennaposak sz\u00e1munkra. \u00d6t \u00e9ve a legnehezebb projekt a Rutube volt, ami az\u00f3ta fejl\u0151d\u00f6tt, n\u00f6velte a forgalm\u00e1t \u00e9s a terhel\u00e9seit, amelyeket figyelembe kellett venni a tervez\u00e9s sor\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Besz\u00e9lt\u00fcnk arr\u00f3l, hogyan fejlesztett\u00fck az infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1nk \"hardware\"-j\u00e9t (\u201eRutube 2009-2015: a hardver\u00fcnk t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete\u201d<\/a><\/noindex>) \u00e9s fejlesztett\u00fck a vide\u00f3k kiszolg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1\u00e9rt felel\u0151s rendszert (\u201eNull\u00e1r\u00f3l 700 gigabit m\u00e1sodpercenk\u00e9nt \u2013 hogyan szolg\u00e1lja ki a vide\u00f3kat Oroszorsz\u00e1g egyik legnagyobb vide\u00f3megoszt\u00f3ja\u201d<\/a><\/noindex>), de az\u00f3ta sok id\u0151 telt el, sz\u00e1mos m\u00e1s megold\u00e1s k\u00e9sz\u00fclt \u00e9s ker\u00fclt bevezet\u00e9sre, melyek eredm\u00e9nyei lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik sz\u00e1munkra, hogy eleget tegy\u00fcnk a modern k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyeknek, \u00e9s el\u00e9gg\u00e9 rugalmasak maradjunk az \u00faj feladatokhoz val\u00f3 alkalmazkod\u00e1shoz.<\/p>\n

\"Hogyan
\n
\nH\u00e1l\u00f3zati mag<\/b> folyamatosan fejl\u0151dik. 2015-ben Cisco berendez\u00e9sekre v\u00e1ltottunk, amir\u0151l m\u00e1r eml\u00edt\u00e9st tett\u00fcnk az el\u0151z\u0151 cikk\u00fcnkben. Akkor ezek m\u00e9g mind 10\/40G-k voltak, de \u00e9rthet\u0151 okokb\u00f3l n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9ven bel\u00fcl moderniz\u00e1ltuk a megl\u00e9v\u0151 chassikat, \u00e9s most m\u00e1r akt\u00edvan haszn\u00e1lunk 25\/100G-t is. <\/p>\n

\"Hogyan
\n
\nA 100G link is no longer a luxury (rather, it is an urgent requirement of our segment) or a rarity (more and more operators provide connections at such speeds). However, the relevance of 10\/40G persists: through these links, we continue to connect operators with low traffic volumes, for which it is currently uneconomical to use a higher-capacity port.<\/p>\n

The network core we created deserves separate consideration and will soon become the subject of a separate article. There, we will delve into technical details and examine the logic of our actions in its creation. But for now, we will continue to sketch the infrastructure more schematically, as your attention, dear readers, is not boundless.<\/p>\n

Video delivery servers <\/b>are evolving rapidly, which we are making a significant effort towards. Previously, we mainly used 2U servers with 4-5 network cards, each having two 10G ports, but now most of the traffic is delivered from 1U servers with 2-3 cards, each featuring two 25G ports. The costs of 10G and 25G cards have practically leveled out, and higher-speed solutions allow delivery at both 10G and 25G. The result is clear savings: fewer server components and cables for connection lead to lower costs (and higher reliability), while components take up less space in the rack, allowing a greater number of servers to be placed per unit area, and thus lower rental costs.<\/p>\n

But the speed gain is even more important! Now we can deliver over 100G with 1U! And this is in contrast to some large Russian projects that consider achieving 40G with 2U as an 'achievement.' We would prefer their problems!<\/p>\n

\"Hogyan
\n
\nNote that we continue to use the generation of network cards that can only operate at 10G. This equipment works reliably and is well known to us, so we haven't discarded it but instead found a new application for it. We installed these components in video storage servers, which clearly need more than one or two 1G interfaces for efficient operation\u2014thus, 10G cards have proven to be relevant.<\/p>\n

Adatkezel\u0151 rendszerek<\/b> ugyanakkor n\u00f6vekszenek. Az eltelt \u00f6t \u00e9v alatt a tizenk\u00e9tlemezes (12x HDD 2U) konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3k harminchatlemezesekk\u00e9 (36x HDD 4U) alakultak. Az ilyen hatalmas \u201et\u00f6mb\u00f6ket\u201d egyesek \u00f3dzkodnak haszn\u00e1lni, mivel ha egy ilyen h\u00e1z meghib\u00e1sodik, az a teljes rendszer teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u00e9re \u2013 s\u0151t, ak\u00e1r m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9re is \u2013 fenyeget\u00e9st jelenthet! De n\u00e1lunk ez nem fog megt\u00f6rt\u00e9nni: biztos\u00edtottuk az adataink geoelhelyez\u00e9si szint\u0171 redundanci\u00e1j\u00e1t. A h\u00e1zakat k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 adatk\u00f6zpontokba helyezt\u00fck \u2013 \u00f6sszesen h\u00e1rmat haszn\u00e1lunk \u2013 ez kiz\u00e1rja a probl\u00e9m\u00e1k felmer\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t, ak\u00e1r a h\u00e1zak hib\u00e1ja, ak\u00e1r a platform \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1sa eset\u00e9n.<\/p>\n

\"Hogyan
\n
\nTerm\u00e9szetesen ez a megk\u00f6zel\u00edt\u00e9s feleslegess\u00e9 tette a hardver alap\u00fa RAID-et, amelyt\u0151l lemondtunk. A redundancia megsz\u00fcntet\u00e9s\u00e9vel egyidej\u0171leg n\u00f6velt\u00fck a rendszer megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1t, egyszer\u0171s\u00edtve a megold\u00e1st \u00e9s elt\u00e1vol\u00edtva egy potenci\u00e1lis meghib\u00e1sod\u00e1si pontot. Eml\u00e9kezz\u00fcnk, hogy a t\u00e1rol\u00f3rendszereink \"\u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3ak\". Ezt tudatosan v\u00e1lasztottuk, \u00e9s az eredm\u00e9ny teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben kiel\u00e9g\u00edtett minket.<\/p>\n

ADATK\u00d6ZPONTOK<\/b> az eltelt \u00f6t \u00e9vben t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r is cser\u00e9lt\u00fck. Az el\u0151z\u0151 cikk meg\u00edr\u00e1sa \u00f3ta csak egy adatk\u00f6zpontot nem v\u00e1ltottunk ki \u2013 a DataLine-t \u2013 a t\u00f6bbi infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1nk fejl\u0151d\u00e9se folyt\u00e1n cser\u00e9re szorult. Minden \u00e1tk\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s tervezett volt.<\/p>\n

K\u00e9t \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt a MMTS-9-en bel\u00fcl \u00e1tk\u00f6lt\u00f6zt\u00fcnk egy min\u0151s\u00e9gi fel\u00faj\u00edt\u00e1son \u00e1tesett helysz\u00ednre, j\u00f3 h\u0171t\u00e9si rendszerrel, stabil \u00e1ramell\u00e1t\u00e1ssal \u00e9s pormentes k\u00f6rnyezetben, ahol kor\u00e1bban vastag r\u00e9tegekben \u00fclt a por minden fel\u00fcleten, \u00e9s b\u0151s\u00e9gesen elz\u00e1rta a berendez\u00e9seink bels\u0151 r\u00e9szeit is. Az szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok min\u0151s\u00e9ge \u2013 \u00e9s a por hi\u00e1nya! \u2013 indokolta a k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s\u00fcnket.<\/p>\n

\"Hogyan
\n
\nSzinte mindig \u201eegy k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s k\u00e9t t\u0171znek felel meg\u201d, de a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3s probl\u00e9m\u00e1k mindig m\u00e1sok. Ez\u00fattal a legf\u0151bb neh\u00e9zs\u00e9get a f\u00e9nym\u00e1sol\u00f3k bels\u0151 elrendez\u00e9se okozta \u2013 a padl\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti gazdag el\u00e1gaz\u00e1sok egyes\u00edtett k\u00e1belszervez\u00e9s\u00e9nek hi\u00e1nya miatt a t\u00e1vk\u00f6zl\u00e9si szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k r\u00e9sz\u00e9r\u0151l. A keresztk\u00f6t\u00e9sek aktualiz\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9s \u00fajrak\u00e1belez\u00e9se (amiben a MMTS-9 m\u00e9rn\u00f6kei seg\u00edtettek nek\u00fcnk) volt tal\u00e1n a migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 legnehezebb szakasza.<\/p>\n

A m\u00e1sodik migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 egy \u00e9ve t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt, 2019-ben k\u00f6lt\u00f6zt\u00fcnk egy nem t\u00fal j\u00f3 adatk\u00f6zpontb\u00f3l az O2xygenbe. A k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s okai hasonl\u00f3ak voltak a fenti szempontokhoz, de ehhez hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rult az a probl\u00e9ma is, hogy a kiindul\u00f3 adatk\u00f6zpont vonz\u00f3tlans\u00e1ga miatt sok szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3t saj\u00e1t magunknak kellett 'utol\u00e9rn\u00fcnk' erre a pontra.<\/p>\n

\"Hogyan
\n
\nA 13 \u00e1llv\u00e1ny migr\u00e1l\u00e1sa egy min\u0151s\u00e9gi helysz\u00ednre az MMTS-9-ben lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette, hogy ezt a helyet ne csak oper\u00e1tork\u00e9nt (k\u00e9t-h\u00e1rom \u00e1llv\u00e1ny \u00e9s a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k '\u00e1tcsatlakoztat\u00e1sa'), hanem mint az egyik f\u0151 helysz\u00ednt is fejleszthess\u00fck. Ez n\u00e9mileg leegyszer\u0171s\u00edtette a nem t\u00fal j\u00f3 adatk\u00f6zpontb\u00f3l val\u00f3 migr\u00e1ci\u00f3t \u2013 a legt\u00f6bb berendez\u00e9st onn\u00e9t egy m\u00e1sik helysz\u00ednre sz\u00e1ll\u00edtottuk, m\u00edg az O2xygen k\u00fcldet\u00e9s\u00e9t a fejl\u0151d\u0151 helysz\u00ednk\u00e9nt defini\u00e1ltuk, ahov\u00e1 szint\u00e9n 5 \u00e1llv\u00e1nynyi berendez\u00e9st k\u00fcldt\u00fcnk.<\/p>\n

Ma az O2xygen m\u00e1r egy teljes \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u0171 helysz\u00edn, ahov\u00e1 meg\u00e9rkeztek a sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k, \u00e9s \u00fajabbak is folyamatosan csatlakoznak. Az O2xygen a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3 sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is vonz\u00f3 volt a strat\u00e9giai fejl\u0151d\u00e9s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l.<\/p>\n

A k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s f\u0151 f\u00e1zis\u00e1t mindig egy \u00e9jszaka v\u00e9grehajtjuk, \u00e9s a MMTS-9-en \u00e9s az O2xygenre t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 sor\u00e1n is ezt a szab\u00e1lyt k\u00f6vett\u00fck. Hangs\u00falyozzuk, hogy az '\u00e9jszakai k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s' szab\u00e1ly\u00e1t szigor\u00faan betartjuk, f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl az \u00e1llv\u00e1nyok sz\u00e1m\u00e1t\u00f3l! Volt m\u00e1r olyan precedent, amikor 20 \u00e1llv\u00e1nyt helyezt\u00fcnk \u00e1t, \u00e9s ezt is egy \u00e9jszaka alatt v\u00e9grehajtottuk. A migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 egy viszonylag egyszer\u0171 folyamat, amely figyelmet \u00e9s k\u00f6vetkezetess\u00e9get ig\u00e9nyel, de itt is vannak bizonyos tr\u00fckk\u00f6k a felk\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9s, a k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00e9s \u00e9s az \u00faj helysz\u00ednen t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 telep\u00edt\u00e9s sor\u00e1n. A migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 r\u00e9szleteir\u0151l sz\u00edvesen besz\u00e9l\u00fcnk, ha \u00e9rdeklik \u00f6nt.<\/p>\n

Eredm\u00e9nyek<\/b> Mi kedvelj\u00fck az \u00f6t\u00e9ves fejl\u0151d\u00e9si terveket. Befejezt\u00fck az \u00faj, h\u00e1rom adatk\u00f6zpont k\u00f6z\u00f6tt elosztott hibat\u0171r\u0151 infrastrukt\u00fara ki\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t. Drasztikusan megn\u00f6velt\u00fck a forgalmi kapacit\u00e1s s\u0171r\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t \u2013 ha nemr\u00e9g m\u00e9g 40-80G-nek \u00f6r\u00fclt\u00fcnk 2U-val, akkor most m\u00e1r norm\u00e1lisnak tekintj\u00fck a 100G kiszolg\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t 1U-val. Most m\u00e1r a terabites forgalmat is h\u00e9tk\u00f6znapi dologk\u00e9nt fogjuk fel. K\u00e9szen \u00e1llunk tov\u00e1bb fejleszteni az infrastrukt\u00far\u00e1nkat, amely rugalmasan sk\u00e1l\u00e1zhat\u00f3 lett.<\/p>\n

K\u00e9rd\u00e9s: <\/b>Mir\u0151l mes\u00e9lj\u00fcnk nektek a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 sz\u00f6vegekben, kedves olvas\u00f3k? Arr\u00f3l, hogy mi\u00e9rt kezdt\u00fcnk el saj\u00e1t adatment\u00e9si rendszereket k\u00e9sz\u00edteni? A h\u00e1l\u00f3zati magr\u00f3l \u00e9s annak jellemz\u0151ir\u0151l? A d\u00e1tacenterek k\u00f6z\u00f6tti migr\u00e1ci\u00f3 tr\u00fckkjeir\u0151l \u00e9s apr\u00f3 r\u00e9szleteir\u0151l? A megold\u00e1sok optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l az alkatr\u00e9szek kiv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s\u00e1val \u00e9s a param\u00e9terek finomhangol\u00e1s\u00e1val? Az ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3 megold\u00e1sok l\u00e9trehoz\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l t\u00f6bb szint\u0171 biztons\u00e1gi ment\u00e9ssel \u00e9s v\u00edzszintes sk\u00e1l\u00e1z\u00e1si lehet\u0151s\u00e9gekkel a d\u00e1tacentereken bel\u00fcl, amelyeket h\u00e1rom adatk\u00f6zpontban val\u00f3s\u00edtottunk meg?<\/p>\n

Szerz\u0151: Pjotr Vinogradov \u2014 M\u0171szaki igazgat\u00f3, Uma.Tech H\u00f6rcs\u00f6g\u00f6k<\/a><\/noindex> <\/i>
\n
Forr\u00e1s: habr.com<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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