A na-atụkarị aro Linux Alpine ka ọ bụrụ onyonyo ntọala maka Docker. A na-agwa gị na iji Alpine ga-eme ka ụlọ gị dị ntakịrị na usoro iwu gị ngwa ngwa.
Mana ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji Alpine Linux maka ngwa Python, yabụ ọ:
- Na-eme ka ihe nrụpụta gị jiri nwayọ nwayọ
- Na-eme ka onyonyo gị buru ibu
- Na-egbu oge gị
- Na n'ikpeazụ ọ nwere ike ime ka njehie na oge ọsọ ọsọ
Ka anyị lelee ihe kpatara eji atụ aro Alpine, mana gịnị kpatara na ị ka na-ejighị ya na Python.
Gịnị mere ndị mmadụ ji akwado Alpine?
Ka anyị chee na anyị chọrọ gcc dị ka akụkụ nke onyonyo anyị ma anyị chọrọ iji Alpine Linux tụnyere Ubuntu 18.04 n'ihe gbasara ọsọ ọsọ na nha onyonyo ikpeazụ.
Nke mbụ, ka anyị budata onyonyo abụọ wee tulee nha ha:
$ docker pull --quiet ubuntu:18.04
docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.04
$ docker pull --quiet alpine
docker.io/library/alpine:latest
$ docker image ls ubuntu:18.04
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID SIZE
ubuntu 18.04 ccc6e87d482b 64.2MB
$ docker image ls alpine
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID SIZE
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 5.59MB
Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, isi ihe oyiyi maka Alpine bụ nnọọ obere. Ka anyị gbalịa ugbu a ịwụnye gcc wee malite na Ubuntu:
FROM ubuntu:18.04
RUN apt-get update &&
apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y gcc &&
apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
Ide Dockerfile zuru oke karịrị oke edemede a.
Ka anyị tụọ ọsọ mgbakọ:
$ time docker build -t ubuntu-gcc -f Dockerfile.ubuntu --quiet .
sha256:b6a3ee33acb83148cd273b0098f4c7eed01a82f47eeb8f5bec775c26d4fe4aae
real 0m29.251s
user 0m0.032s
sys 0m0.026s
$ docker image ls ubuntu-gcc
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ubuntu-gcc latest b6a3ee33acb8 9 seconds ago 150MB
Anyị na-emeghachi otu ihe ahụ maka Alpine (Dockerfile):
FROM alpine
RUN apk add --update gcc
Anyị na-agbakọta, lelee oge na nha nke mgbakọ ahụ:
$ time docker build -t alpine-gcc -f Dockerfile.alpine --quiet .
sha256:efd626923c1478ccde67db28911ef90799710e5b8125cf4ebb2b2ca200ae1ac3
real 0m15.461s
user 0m0.026s
sys 0m0.024s
$ docker image ls alpine-gcc
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine-gcc latest efd626923c14 7 seconds ago 105MB
Dị ka e kwere ná nkwa, a na-anakọta ihe oyiyi ndị dabeere na Alpine ngwa ngwa ma dị ntakịrị: 15 sekọnd kama 30 na nha oyiyi bụ 105MB na 150MB. Ọ mara mma!
Mana ọ bụrụ na anyị gbanwee n'ịrụ ngwa Python, mgbe ahụ ihe niile adịchaghị mma.
Foto Python
Ngwa Python na-ejikarị pandas na matplotlib. Yabụ, otu nhọrọ bụ iji Dockerfile were were onyonyo dabere na Debian:
FROM python:3.8-slim
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas
Ka anyị chịkọta ya:
$ docker build -f Dockerfile.slim -t python-matpan.
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072kB
Step 1/2 : FROM python:3.8-slim
---> 036ea1506a85
Step 2/2 : RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas
---> Running in 13739b2a0917
Collecting matplotlib
Downloading matplotlib-3.1.2-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (13.1 MB)
Collecting pandas
Downloading pandas-0.25.3-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (10.4 MB)
...
Successfully built b98b5dc06690
Successfully tagged python-matpan:latest
real 0m30.297s
user 0m0.043s
sys 0m0.020s
Anyị na-enweta onyonyo nke 363MB n'ogo.
Anyị ga-eme nke ọma na Alpine? Ka anyị nwaa:
FROM python:3.8-alpine
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas
$ docker build -t python-matpan-alpine -f Dockerfile.alpine .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072kB
Step 1/2 : FROM python:3.8-alpine
---> a0ee0c90a0db
Step 2/2 : RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas
---> Running in 6740adad3729
Collecting matplotlib
Downloading matplotlib-3.1.2.tar.gz (40.9 MB)
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /usr/local/bin/python -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/
tmp/pip-install-a3olrixa/matplotlib/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a3olrixa/matplotlib/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'rn'"'"', '"'"'n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /tmp/pip-install-a3olrixa/matplotlib/pip-egg-info
...
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.
The command '/bin/sh -c pip install matplotlib pandas' returned a non-zero code: 1
Gịnị na-eme?
Alpine anaghị akwado wiil
Ọ bụrụ na ị lelee ihe owuwu ahụ, nke dabere na Debian, ị ga-ahụ na ọ na-ebudata matplotlib-3.1.2-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl.
Nke a bụ ọnụọgụ abụọ maka wheel. Alpine na-ebudata isi mmalite `matplotlib-3.1.2.tar.gz`Ebe ọ bụ na ọ naghị akwado ọkọlọtọ .
Gịnị kpatara? Imirikiti nkesa Linux na-eji ụdị GNU (glibc) nke ọba akwụkwọ ọkọlọtọ C, nke mmemme ọ bụla edere na C chọrọ n'ezie, gụnyere Python. Mana Alpine na-eji 'musl', ebe ọ bụ na e mere ọnụọgụ abụọ ndị ahụ maka 'glibc', ha abụghị naanị nhọrọ.
Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji Alpine, ịkwesịrị ikpokọta koodu niile edere na C na ngwugwu Python ọ bụla.
Ewoo, ee, ị ga-achọ ndepụta nke ihe niile dabere na mkpa ka achịkọta onwe gị.
N'okwu a, anyị nwetara ihe ndị a:
FROM python:3.8-alpine
RUN apk --update add gcc build-base freetype-dev libpng-dev openblas-dev
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir matplotlib pandas
Na oge nhazi ahụ na-ewe ...
... Nkeji 25 na sekọnd 57! Na nha onyonyo a bụ 851MB.
Onyonyo dabere na Alpine na-ewe ogologo oge iji wuo ya, ha buru oke ibu, ma ị ka kwesịrị ịchọ ihe ndabere niile. Ị nwere ike n'ezie belata mgbakọ size iji mana nke ahụ pụtara na a ga-arụrịrị ọrụ karịa.
Ọ bụghị ihe niile!
Alpine nwere ike ịkpata ahụhụ na-atụghị anya ya n'oge ọ na-agba ọsọ
- Na tiori, musl dakọtara na glibc, mana n'omume ndịiche nwere ike ịkpata ọtụtụ nsogbu. Ma ọ bụrụ na ha dị, ọ ga-abụ na ha agaghị adị mma. Nke a bụ ụfọdụ nsogbu nwere ike ibilite:
- Alpine nwere obere ngwugwu eri na ndabara, nke nwere ike iduga
- Ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ achọpụtala nke ahụ n'ihi ụzọ musl si ekenye ebe nchekwa (dị iche na glibc).
- Otu n'ime ndị na -eji
N'ezie, edoziworị njehie ndị a, mana onye maara ole ndị ọzọ a ga-enwe.
Ejila onyonyo Alpine maka Python
Ọ bụrụ na ịchọghị inye nsogbu na nnukwu ụlọ na ogologo oge, na-achọ ihe ndabere na njehie nwere ike, ejila Alpine Linux dị ka ihe oyiyi ntọala. .
isi: www.habr.com