ProHoster > Блог > Nchịkwa > Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko

Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko

Injinia - nke sitere na Latịn - sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ.
Onye injinia nwere ike ime ihe ọ bụla. (c) R. Diesel.
Akwụkwọ edemede.
Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko
Ma ọ bụ akụkọ gbasara ihe mere onye nchịkwa nchekwa data kwesịrị iji cheta mmemme ya gara aga.

Okwu mmalite

Agbanwewo aha niile. Egwuregwu na-enweghị usoro. Ihe a bụ naanị echiche nke onye dere ya.

Mkpesa nke akwụkwọ ikike: n'ime usoro isiokwu a na-eme atụmatụ, a gaghị enwe nkọwa zuru ezu na nke ziri ezi nke tebụl na edemede eji eme ihe. Enweghị ike iji ngwa ngwa "AS IS".
Nke mbụ, n'ihi nnukwu ihe onwunwe.
Nke abuo, n'ihi nkọ na mmepụta isi nke ezigbo ahịa.
Ya mere, ọ bụ naanị echiche na nkọwa n'ụdị kachasị n'ozuzu ka a ga-enye na isiokwu.
Ma eleghị anya n'ọdịnihu usoro ahụ ga-eto eto na ọkwa nke ikenye na GitHub, ma ọ bụ eleghị anya ọ bụghị. Oge ga-egosi.

Mmalite nke akụkọ -Ị na-echeta otú ihe niile si malite".
Gịnị mere n'ihi ya, na kasị n'ozuzu okwu - "Synthesis dị ka otu n'ime ụzọ iji melite arụmọrụ PostgreSQL»

Gịnị mere m ji chọọ ihe a niile?

Ọfọn, nke mbụ, ka ị ghara ichefu onwe gị, na-echeta ụbọchị dị ebube na ezumike nká.
Nke abuo, iji hazie ihe edere. Maka ugbua onwe m, mgbe ụfọdụ m na-amalite inwe mgbagwoju anya ma chefuo akụkụ dị iche iche.

Ọfọn, na nke kachasị mkpa - na mberede ọ nwere ike ịbịara mmadụ aka ma nyere aka ka ọ ghara ịmaliteghachi wiil ahụ ma ghara ịnakọta rake. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, melite karma gị (ọ bụghị Khabrovsky). Maka ihe kacha baa uru n'ụwa a bụ echiche. Isi ihe bụ ịchọta echiche. Na ịsụgharị echiche n'ime eziokwu abụrụlarị okwu teknụzụ naanị.

Yabụ ka anyị bido nwayọ...

Ịmepụta nsogbu ahụ.

Dị:

PostgreSQL(10.5), agwakọta ibu (OLTP+DSS), ibu ibu na-adị mfe, na-akwado na igwe ojii AWS.
Enweghị nleba anya nchekwa data, a na-egosi nlekota akụrụngwa dịka ngwaọrụ AWS ọkọlọtọ na nhazi ntakịrị.

Achọrọ:

Nyochaa arụmọrụ na ọkwa nke nchekwa data, chọta ma nwee ozi mbụ iji bulie ajụjụ nchekwa data dị arọ.

Okwu mmeghe ma ọ bụ nyocha nke ngwọta dị nkenke

Iji malite, ka anyị gbalịa nyochaa nhọrọ maka idozi nsogbu ahụ site n'echiche nke ntụle ntụle nke uru na nsogbu maka onye injinia, ka ndị kwesịrị ịdị na ndepụta ndị ọrụ na-eleba anya na uru na mfu. nke njikwa.

Nhọrọ 1 - "Na-arụ ọrụ na-achọ"

Anyị na-ahapụ ihe niile ka ọ dị. Ọ bụrụ na onye ahịa enweghị afọ ojuju na ihe dị na ahụike, arụmọrụ nke nchekwa data ma ọ bụ ngwa, ọ ga-agwa ndị injinia DBA site na e-mail ma ọ bụ site na ịmepụta ihe mere na igbe tiketi.
Onye injinia, mgbe ọ natara ọkwa, ga-aghọta nsogbu ahụ, nye azịza, ma ọ bụ dozie nsogbu ahụ, na-atụ anya na ihe niile ga-edozi onwe ya, na agbanyeghị, a ga-echefu ihe niile n'oge na-adịghị anya.
Gingerbread na donuts, ọnya na ọnyaAchịcha gingerbread na donuts:
1. Ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ ime
2. A na-enwe ohere mgbe niile ịpụ apụ na unyi.
3. Ọtụtụ oge ị nwere ike iji naanị gị.
Ọkpụkpụ na ọnya:
1. N'oge na-adịghị anya, onye ahịa ahụ ga-eche echiche banyere ihe bụ isi nke ịbụ na ikpe ziri ezi zuru ụwa ọnụ n'ụwa a ma jụọ onwe ya ajụjụ ọzọ - gịnị kpatara m ji akwụ ha ego m? Ihe ga-esi na ya pụta na-abụ otu - naanị ajụjụ bụ mgbe ike gwụrụ onye ahịa wee fegharịa ya nke ọma. Na feeder bụ efu. Ọ dị mwute.
2. Mmepe nke injinia bụ efu.
3. Ihe isi ike na nhazi oge ọrụ na ntinye

Nhọrọ 2 - "Ịgba egwú na ịgbà, yikwasị ma yikwasị akpụkpọ ụkwụ"

Paragraf nke 1-Gịnị kpatara anyị ji achọ usoro nlekota oru, anyị ga-enweta arịrịọ niile. Anyị na-ebupụta ụyọkọ nke ụdị ajụjụ ọ bụla na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu data na echiche dị ike, gbanye ụdị counters niile, weta ihe niile na tebụl, nyochaa ndepụta na tebụl kwa oge, dị ka ọ dị. N'ihi ya, anyị nwere ọmarịcha eserese, tebụl, akụkọ. Isi ihe - nke ahụ ga-abụ karịa, karịa.
Paragraf nke 2-Mepụta ọrụ-gbaa nyocha nke ihe a niile.
Paragraf nke 3-Anyị na-akwadebe otu akwụkwọ, anyị na-akpọ akwụkwọ a, dị mfe - "kedu ka anyị si akwadebe nchekwa data."
Paragraf nke 4- Onye ahịa, na-ahụ ihe niile a dị ebube nke eserese na ọnụ ọgụgụ, nọ na ntụkwasị obi nke nwata - ugbu a ihe niile ga-arụ ọrụ maka anyị, n'oge na-adịghị anya. Na, n'ụzọ dị mfe na n'enweghị mgbu na-etinye aka na akụrụngwa ego ha. Nlekọta jikwa n'aka na ndị injinia anyị na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Ntinye kacha.
Paragraf nke 5- Tinyegharịa nzọụkwụ 1 mgbe niile.
Gingerbread na donuts, ọnya na ọnyaAchịcha gingerbread na donuts:
1. Ndụ nke ndị njikwa na ndị injinia dị mfe, buru amụma ma jupụta na ọrụ. Ihe niile na-ama jijiji, onye ọ bụla na-arụ ọrụ.
2. Ndụ nke onye ahịa adịghịkwa njọ - ọ na-ejide n'aka mgbe niile na ị kwesịrị inwe ndidi ntakịrị na ihe niile ga-arụ ọrụ. Ọ naghị adị mma, nke ọma, nke ọma - ụwa a adịghị mma, na ndụ ọzọ - ị ga-enwe ihu ọma.
Ọkpụkpụ na ọnya:
1. N'oge na-adịghị anya, a ga-enwe onye na-enye ihe ọmụma nke ọrụ yiri nke ahụ nke ga-eme otu ihe ahụ, ma ntakịrị ọnụ ala. Ma ọ bụrụ na nsonaazụ ya bụ otu, gịnị kpatara ịkwụ ụgwọ karịa. Nke ọzọ ga-eduga na efu nke feeder.
2. Ọ na-agwụ ike. Lee ka ọ na-agwụ ike obere ọrụ ọ bụla bara uru.
3. Dị ka ọ dị na nsụgharị gara aga - enweghị mmepe. Mana maka injinia, mwepu bụ na, n'adịghị ka nhọrọ nke mbụ, ebe a ịkwesịrị ịmepụta IDB mgbe niile. Nke ahụ na-ewekwa oge. Nke a ga-emefu maka ọdịmma nke onye ị hụrụ n'anya. N'ihi na ị nweghị ike ilekọta onwe gị, onye ọ bụla na-eche banyere gị.

Nhọrọ 3-Ọ dịghị mkpa ịmepụta igwe igwe, ị ga-azụta ya ma gbaa ya.

Ndị injinia sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-ama ụma na-eri pizza na biya (oh, oge dị ebube nke St. Petersburg na 90s). Ka anyị jiri sistemụ nleba anya nke emere, debugged na arụ ọrụ, na n'ozuzu na-ekwu okwu, ha na-eweta uru (nke ọma, opekata mpe nye ndị okike ha).
Gingerbread na donuts, ọnya na ọnyaAchịcha gingerbread na donuts:
1. Ọ dịghị mkpa igbu oge na-emepụta ihe emepụtalarị. Were were were.
2. Ọ bụghị ndị nzuzu dere usoro nlekota oru, na n'ezie ha bara uru.
3. Sistemụ nlekota oru na-enyekarị ozi nzacha bara uru.
Ọkpụkpụ na ọnya:
1. Onye injinia na nke a abụghị onye injinia, kama ọ bụ naanị onye na-eji ngwaahịa onye ọzọ ma ọ bụ onye ọrụ.
2. Onye ahịa ga-ekwenye na ọ dị mkpa ịzụta ihe ọ na-achọghị ka ọ ghọta, ma o kwesịghị, na n'ozuzu mmefu ego maka afọ akwadoro ma ọ gaghị agbanwe. Mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị ịkenye ihe enyemaka dị iche, hazie ya maka otu usoro. Ndị ahụ. Mbụ ị ga-akwụ ụgwọ, kwụọ ụgwọ ma kwụọ ụgwọ ọzọ. Na onye na-azụ ahịa na-esi ike. Nke a bụ ụkpụrụ nke ndụ a.

Kedu ihe ị ga-eme, Chernyshevsky? Ajuju gi bara uru nke ukwuu. (ya na)

N'okwu a na ọnọdụ dị ugbu a, ị nwere ike ime ntakịrị iche - ka anyị mee usoro nleba anya nke anyị.
Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko
Ọfọn, ọ bụghị usoro, n'ezie, n'ụzọ zuru ezu nke okwu ahụ, nke a dị oke ụda na mpako, ma ọ dịkarịa ala n'ụzọ ụfọdụ mee ka ọ dịrị gị mfe ma nakọta ozi ndị ọzọ iji dozie ihe omume arụmọrụ. Ka ị ghara ịchọta onwe gị n'ọnọdụ - "gaa ebe ahụ, amaghị m ebe, chọta nke ahụ, amaghị m ihe."

Kedu uru na ọghọm dị na nhọrọ a:

Ihe:
1. Ọ na-adọrọ mmasị. Ọfọn, ọ dịkarịa ala ihe na-adọrọ mmasị karịa "ịkụda datafile, gbanwee tablespace, wdg."
2. Ndị a bụ nkà ọhụrụ na mmepe ọhụrụ. Kedu nke n'ọdịnihu, n'oge na-adịghị anya, ga-enye gingerbread na donuts kwesịrị ekwesị.
Cons:
1. Ga-arụ ọrụ. Na-arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu.
2. Ị ga na-akọwa mgbe niile pụtara na echiche nke ọrụ niile.
3. A ga-achụ ihe n'àjà, n'ihi na naanị ihe onwunwe dị maka engineer - oge - na-ejedebe na Eluigwe na Ala.
4. Nke kacha njọ na nke na-adịghị mma - N'ihi ya, ihe mkpofu dị ka "Ọ bụghị òké, ọ bụghị frog, ma obere anụmanụ na-amaghị ama" nwere ike ịpụta.

Onye na-adịghị ize ndụ ihe adịghị aṅụ champeenu.
Ya mere, ihe ọchị na-amalite.

Echiche izugbe - schematic

Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko
(Ihe atụ sitere na edemede «Synthesis dị ka otu n'ime ụzọ iji melite arụmọrụ PostgreSQL»)

Nkọwa:

  • Ejide ọkọlọtọ PostgreSQL ndọtị “pg_stat_statements” etinyere nchekwa data ebumnuche.
  • N'ime nchekwa data nlekota oru, anyị na-emepụta tebụl ọrụ iji chekwaa pg_stat_statements akụkọ ihe mere eme na mbido mbụ yana ịhazi metrics na nlekota n'ọdịnihu.
  • Na onye na-ahụ maka nlekota, anyị na-emepụta nhazi nke scripts bash, gụnyere ndị maka ịmepụta ihe omume na usoro tiketi.

Tebụl ọrụ

Iji bido, ERD dị mfe n'usoro, ihe mere na njedebe:
Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko
Nkọwa dị nkenke nke tebụlnjedebe - onye ọbịa, njikọ na-atụ ihe atụ
database - nchekwa data nhọrọ
pg_stat_ akụkọ ihe mere eme - tebụl akụkọ ihe mere eme maka ịchekwa foto nwa oge nke pg_stat_statements echiche nke nchekwa data ebumnuche
metric_glossary - Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke metrik arụmọrụ
metric_config - nhazi nke metrics n'otu n'otu
metric - otu metrik akọwapụtara maka arịrịọ a na-enyocha
metric_alert_akụkọ ihe mere eme - akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịdọ aka ná ntị arụmọrụ
log_query - Tebụl ọrụ maka ịchekwa ndekọ ndị e depụtara na faịlụ ndekọ PostgreSQL ebudatara na AWS
akwukwo ndu - parameters nke oge a na-eji dị ka ntọala
ebe nyocha - nhazi nke metrik maka ịlele ọkwa nke nchekwa data
checkpoint_alert_history - akụkọ ịdọ aka ná ntị nke metrik nlele ọnọdụ nchekwa data
pg_stat_db_queries - tebụl ọrụ nke arịrịọ nọ n'ọrụ
ọrụ_log - table ọrụ ndekọ ọrụ
ọnyà_oid - tebụl ọrụ nhazi ọnyà

Nkeji 1 - chịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ arụmọrụ wee nweta akụkọ

A na-eji tebụl echekwa ozi ndekọ aha. pg_stat_ akụkọ ihe mere eme
nhazi okpokoro pg_stat_history

                                          Tebụlụ "public.pg_stat_history" kọlụm | ụdị | Ndị na-eme mgbanwe----------------------------------------+---- ------------------ id | ọnụọgụ | ọ bụghị efu ndabere nextval('pg_stat_history_id_seq'::regclass) snapshot_timestamp | timestamp enweghị mpaghara oge | nchekwa data_id | ọnụọgụ | dbid | mma | onye ọrụ | mma | ajụjụ | nnukwu | ajụjụ | ederede | oku | nnukwu | ngụkọta_oge | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | oge_min | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | max_oge | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | oge_oge | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | stddev_oge | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | ahiri | nnukwu | kekọrịtara_blks_hit | nnukwu | shared_blks_agụ | nnukwu | shared_blks_dirtied | nnukwu | shared_blks_written | nnukwu | local_blks_hit | nnukwu | local_blks_read | nnukwu | local_blks_dirtied | nnukwu | local_blks_written | nnukwu | temp_blks_agụ | nnukwu | temp_blks_written | nnukwu | blk_agụ_oge | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | blk_write_oge | okpukpu abụọ nkenke | baseline_id | ọnụọgụ | Ndekọ: "pg_stat_history_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) "database_idx" btree (database_id) "queryid_idx" btree (queryid) "snapshot_timestamp_idx" btree (snapshot_timestamp) Mgbochi igodo mba ofesi nchekwa data (id ) NA HIchapụ CAASCADE

Dị ka ị na-ahụ, tebụl bụ naanị nchịkọta nlele data pg_stat_nkwupụta na lekwasịrị anya nchekwa data.

Ojiji nke tebụl a dị nnọọ mfe.

pg_stat_ akụkọ ihe mere eme ga-anọchi anya ọnụ ọgụgụ chịkọbara nke mmezu ajụjụ maka elekere ọ bụla. Na mmalite nke awa ọ bụla, mgbe e dejupụtara na tebụl, ọnụ ọgụgụ pg_stat_nkwupụta Tọgharịa na pg_stat_statements_reset().
Cheta na: A na-anakọta ọnụ ọgụgụ maka arịrịọ nwere ogologo oge karịa 1 sekọnd.
Na-ebunye tebụl pg_stat_history

--pg_stat_history.sql
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pg_stat_history( ) RETURNS boolean AS $$
DECLARE
  endpoint_rec record ;
  database_rec record ;
  pg_stat_snapshot record ;
  current_snapshot_timestamp timestamp without time zone;
BEGIN
  current_snapshot_timestamp = date_trunc('minute',now());  
  
  FOR endpoint_rec IN SELECT * FROM endpoint 
  LOOP
    FOR database_rec IN SELECT * FROM database WHERE endpoint_id = endpoint_rec.id 
	  LOOP
	    
		RAISE NOTICE 'NEW SHAPSHOT IS CREATING';
		
		--Connect to the target DB	  
	    EXECUTE 'SELECT dblink_connect(''LINK1'',''host='||endpoint_rec.host||' dbname='||database_rec.name||' user=USER password=PASSWORD '')';
 
        RAISE NOTICE 'host % and dbname % ',endpoint_rec.host,database_rec.name;
		RAISE NOTICE 'Creating snapshot of pg_stat_statements for database %',database_rec.name;
		
		SELECT 
	      *
		INTO 
		  pg_stat_snapshot
	    FROM dblink('LINK1',
	      'SELECT 
	       dbid , SUM(calls),SUM(total_time),SUM(rows) ,SUM(shared_blks_hit) ,SUM(shared_blks_read) ,SUM(shared_blks_dirtied) ,SUM(shared_blks_written) , 
           SUM(local_blks_hit) , SUM(local_blks_read) , SUM(local_blks_dirtied) , SUM(local_blks_written) , SUM(temp_blks_read) , SUM(temp_blks_written) , SUM(blk_read_time) , SUM(blk_write_time)
	       FROM pg_stat_statements WHERE dbid=(SELECT oid from pg_database where datname=current_database() ) 
		   GROUP BY dbid
  	      '
	               )
	      AS t
	       ( dbid oid , calls bigint , 
  	         total_time double precision , 
	         rows bigint , shared_blks_hit bigint , shared_blks_read bigint ,shared_blks_dirtied bigint ,shared_blks_written	 bigint ,
             local_blks_hit	 bigint ,local_blks_read bigint , local_blks_dirtied bigint ,local_blks_written bigint ,
             temp_blks_read	 bigint ,temp_blks_written bigint ,
             blk_read_time double precision , blk_write_time double precision	  
	       );
		 
		INSERT INTO pg_stat_history
          ( 
		    snapshot_timestamp  ,database_id  ,
			dbid , calls  ,total_time ,
            rows ,shared_blks_hit  ,shared_blks_read  ,shared_blks_dirtied  ,shared_blks_written ,local_blks_hit , 	 	
            local_blks_read,local_blks_dirtied,local_blks_written,temp_blks_read,temp_blks_written, 	
            blk_read_time, blk_write_time 
		  )		  
	    VALUES
	      (
	       current_snapshot_timestamp ,
		   database_rec.id ,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.dbid ,pg_stat_snapshot.calls,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.total_time,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.rows ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_hit ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_read ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_dirtied ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_written , 
           pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_hit , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_dirtied , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_written , 
	       pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_written , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_read_time , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_write_time 	   
	      );		   
		  
        RAISE NOTICE 'Creating snapshot of pg_stat_statements for queries with min_time more than 1000ms';
	
        FOR pg_stat_snapshot IN
          --All queries with max_time greater than 1000 ms
	      SELECT 
	        *
	      FROM dblink('LINK1',
	        'SELECT 
	         dbid , userid ,queryid,query,calls,total_time,min_time ,max_time,mean_time, stddev_time ,rows ,shared_blks_hit ,
			 shared_blks_read ,shared_blks_dirtied ,shared_blks_written , 
             local_blks_hit , local_blks_read , local_blks_dirtied , 
			 local_blks_written , temp_blks_read , temp_blks_written , blk_read_time , 
			 blk_write_time
	         FROM pg_stat_statements 
			 WHERE dbid=(SELECT oid from pg_database where datname=current_database() AND min_time >= 1000 ) 
  	        '

	                  )
	        AS t
	         ( dbid oid , userid oid , queryid bigint ,query text , calls bigint , 
  	           total_time double precision ,min_time double precision	 ,max_time double precision	 , mean_time double precision	 ,  stddev_time double precision	 , 
	           rows bigint , shared_blks_hit bigint , shared_blks_read bigint ,shared_blks_dirtied bigint ,shared_blks_written	 bigint ,
               local_blks_hit	 bigint ,local_blks_read bigint , local_blks_dirtied bigint ,local_blks_written bigint ,
               temp_blks_read	 bigint ,temp_blks_written bigint ,
               blk_read_time double precision , blk_write_time double precision	  
	         )
	    LOOP
		  INSERT INTO pg_stat_history
          ( 
		    snapshot_timestamp  ,database_id  ,
			dbid ,userid  , queryid  , query  , calls  ,total_time ,min_time ,max_time ,mean_time ,stddev_time ,
            rows ,shared_blks_hit  ,shared_blks_read  ,shared_blks_dirtied  ,shared_blks_written ,local_blks_hit , 	 	
            local_blks_read,local_blks_dirtied,local_blks_written,temp_blks_read,temp_blks_written, 	
            blk_read_time, blk_write_time 
		  )		  
	      VALUES
	      (
	       current_snapshot_timestamp ,
		   database_rec.id ,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.dbid ,pg_stat_snapshot.userid ,pg_stat_snapshot.queryid,pg_stat_snapshot.query,pg_stat_snapshot.calls,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.total_time,pg_stat_snapshot.min_time ,pg_stat_snapshot.max_time,pg_stat_snapshot.mean_time, pg_stat_snapshot.stddev_time ,
	       pg_stat_snapshot.rows ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_hit ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_read ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_dirtied ,pg_stat_snapshot.shared_blks_written , 
           pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_hit , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_dirtied , pg_stat_snapshot.local_blks_written , 
	       pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_read , pg_stat_snapshot.temp_blks_written , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_read_time , pg_stat_snapshot.blk_write_time 	   
	      );
		  
        END LOOP;

        PERFORM dblink_disconnect('LINK1');  
				
	  END LOOP ;--FOR database_rec IN SELECT * FROM database WHERE endpoint_id = endpoint_rec.id 
    
  END LOOP;

RETURN TRUE;  
END
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

N'ihi ya, mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị na tebụl pg_stat_ akụkọ ihe mere eme anyị ga-enwe set nke snapshots nke ọdịnaya nke tebụl pg_stat_nkwupụta nchekwa data lekwasịrị anya.

Na-akọ akụkọ n'ezie

Iji ajụjụ dị mfe, ị nwere ike nweta akụkọ bara uru na nke na-atọ ụtọ.

Achịkọtara data maka oge enyere

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  database_id , 
  SUM(calls) AS calls ,SUM(total_time)  AS total_time ,
  SUM(rows) AS rows , SUM(shared_blks_hit)  AS shared_blks_hit,
  SUM(shared_blks_read) AS shared_blks_read ,
  SUM(shared_blks_dirtied) AS shared_blks_dirtied,
  SUM(shared_blks_written) AS shared_blks_written , 
  SUM(local_blks_hit) AS local_blks_hit , 
  SUM(local_blks_read) AS local_blks_read , 
  SUM(local_blks_dirtied) AS local_blks_dirtied , 
  SUM(local_blks_written)  AS local_blks_written,
  SUM(temp_blks_read) AS temp_blks_read, 
  SUM(temp_blks_written) temp_blks_written , 
  SUM(blk_read_time) AS blk_read_time , 
  SUM(blk_write_time) AS blk_write_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NULL AND
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
GROUP BY database_id ;

D.B oge

to_char (n'agbata '1 millisecond' * pg_total_stat_history_rec.total_time, 'HH24: MI: SS.MS')

Oge I/O

to_char (n'agbata '1 millisecond' * ( pg_total_stat_history_rec.blk_read_time + pg_total_stat_history_rec.blk_write_time), 'HH24: MI: SS.MS')

TOP10 SQL site mkpokọta_oge

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  queryid , 
  SUM(calls) AS calls ,
  SUM(total_time)  AS total_time  	
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT 
GROUP BY queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC 
LIMIT 10
------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY ngụkọta oge igbu | #| ajụjụ| oku| oku %| ngụkọta_oge (ms) | dbtime% +----+----------------------- ------------------------------- | 1| 821760255| 2| .00001|00:03:23.141( 203141.681 ms.)| 5.42 | 2| 4152624390| 2| .00001|00:03:13.929( 193929.215 ms.)| 5.17 | 3| 1484454471| 4| .00001|00:02:09.129( 129129.057 ms.)| 3.44 | 4| 655729273| 1| .00000|00:02:01.869( 121869.981 ms.)| 3.25 | 5| 2460318461| 1| .00000|00:01:33.113( 93113.835 ms.)| 2.48 | 6| 2194493487| 4| .00001|00:00:17.377( 17377.868 ms.)| .46 | 7| 1053044345| 1| .00000|00:00:06.156( 6156.352 ms.)| .16 | 8| 3644780286| 1| .00000|00:00:01.063( 1063.830 ms.)| .03

TOP10 SQL site na ngụkọta oge I/O

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  queryid , 
  SUM(calls) AS calls ,
  SUM(blk_read_time + blk_write_time)  AS io_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
GROUP BY  queryid 
ORDER BY 3 DESC 
LIMIT 10
------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY ngụkọta oge m/O | #| ajụjụ| oku| oku %| Oge I/O (ms)|db I/O oge % +----+------------------------+------ ------------------------------------------------- -- | 1| 4152624390| 2| .00001|00:08:31.616( 511616.592 ms.)| June 31.06 | 2| 821760255| 2| .00001|00:08:27.099( 507099.036 ms.)| 30.78 | 3| 655729273| 1| .00000|00:05:02.209( 302209.137 ms.)| 18.35 | 4| 2460318461| 1| .00000|00:04:05.981( 245981.117 ms.)| 14.93 | 5| 1484454471| 4| .00001|00:00:39.144( 39144.221 ms.)| 2.38 | 6| 2194493487| 4| .00001|00:00:18.182( 18182.816 ms.)| 1.10 | 7| 1053044345| 1| .00000|00:00:16.611( 16611.722 ms.)| 1.01 | 8| 3644780286| 1| .00000|00:00:00.436( 436.205 ms.)| .03

TOP10 SQL site na oke oge igbu

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  id AS snapshotid , 
  queryid , 
  snapshot_timestamp ,  
  max_time 
FROM 
  pg_stat_history 
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
ORDER BY 4 DESC 
LIMIT 10

------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY MAX EXECUTION TIME | #| foto nke | snapshotID| ajụjụ| max_time (ms) +----+---+----------- --+------------------------------------------------ | 1| 05.04.2019/01/03 4169:655729273| 00| 02| 01.869: 121869.981: 2 (04.04.2019 ms.) | 17| 00/4153/821760255 00:01| 41.570| 101570.841| 3: 04.04.2019: 16 (00 ms.) | 4146| 821760255/00/01 41.570:101570.841| 4| 04.04.2019| 16: 00: 4144 (4152624390 ms.) | 00| 01/36.964/96964.607 5:04.04.2019| 17| 00| 4151: 4152624390: 00 (01 ms.) | 36.964| 96964.607/6/05.04.2019 10:00| 4188| 1484454471| 00: 01: 33.452 (93452.150 ms.) | 7| 04.04.2019/17/00 4150:2460318461 | 00| 01| 33.113: 93113.835: 8 (04.04.2019 ms.) | 15| 00/4140/1484454471 00:00| 11.892| 11892.302| 9: 04.04.2019: 16 (00 ms.) | 4145| 1484454471/00/00 11.892:11892.302| 10| 04.04.2019| 17: 00: 4152 (1484454471 ms.) | 00| 00/11.892/11892.302 XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX: XNUMX: XNUMX (XNUMX ms.) | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX:XNUMX:XNUMX (XNUMX ms.)

TOP10 SQL site na nchekwa SHARED na-agụ/dee

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  id AS snapshotid , 
  queryid ,
  snapshot_timestamp , 
  shared_blks_read , 
  shared_blks_written 
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT AND
  ( shared_blks_read > 0 OR shared_blks_written > 0 )
ORDER BY 4 DESC  , 5 DESC 
LIMIT 10
------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 SQL BY NKEkọrịta ihe nchekwa agụ/dee | #| foto nke | snapshotID| ajụjụ| òkè blocks agụ| òkè blocks dee +----+----+-------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------ | 1| 04.04.2019/17/00 4153:821760255| 797308| 0| 2| 04.04.2019 | 16| 00/4146/821760255 797308:0| 3| 05.04.2019| 01| 03 | 4169| 655729273/797158/0 4:04.04.2019| 16| 00| 4144| 4152624390 | 756514| 0/5/04.04.2019 17:00| 4151| 4152624390| 756514| 0 | 6| 04.04.2019/17/00 4150:2460318461| 734117| 0| 7| 04.04.2019 | 17| 00/4155/3644780286 52973:0| 8| 05.04.2019| 01| 03 | 4168| 1053044345/52818/0 9:04.04.2019| 15| 00| 4141| 2194493487 | 52813| 0/10/04.04.2019 16:00| 4147| 2194493487| 52813| 0 | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------

Histogram nke nkesa ajụjụ site na oke oge igbu

Arịrịọ

SELECT  
  MIN(max_time) AS hist_min  , 
  MAX(max_time) AS hist_max , 
  (( MAX(max_time) - MIN(min_time) ) / hist_columns ) as hist_width
FROM 
  pg_stat_history 
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT ;

SELECT 
  SUM(calls) AS calls
FROM 
  pg_stat_history 
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND
  database_id =DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT AND 
  ( max_time >= hist_current_min AND  max_time < hist_current_max ) ;

|------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | MAX_TIME HISTOGRAM | Mkpokọta oku : 33851920 | OGE OGE : 00:00:01.063 | Ogologo oge: 00:02:01.869 --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- | nkeji oge| ogologo oge | oku +------------------------------------------------- ------------------ | 00: 00: 01.063 (1063.830 ms.) | 00: 00: 13.144 (13144.445 ms.) | 9 | 00: 00: 13.144 (13144.445 ms.) | 00: 00: 25.225 (25225.060 ms.) | 0 | 00: 00: 25.225 (25225.060 ms.) | 00: 00: 37.305 (37305.675 ms.) | 0 | 00: 00: 37.305 (37305.675 ms.) | 00: 00: 49.386 (49386.290 ms.) | 0 | 00: 00: 49.386 (49386.290 ms.) | 00: 01: 01.466 (61466.906 ms.) | 0 | 00: 01: 01.466 (61466.906 ms.) | 00: 01: 13.547 (73547.521 ms.) | 0 | 00: 01: 13.547 (73547.521 ms.) | 00: 01: 25.628 (85628.136 ms.) | 0 | 00: 01: 25.628 (85628.136 ms.) | 00: 01: 37.708 (97708.751 ms.) | 4 | 00: 01: 37.708 (97708.751 ms.) | 00: 01: 49.789 (109789.366 ms.) | 2 | 00: 01: 49.789 (109789.366 ms.) | 00: 02: 01.869 (121869.981 ms.) | 0

TOP10 Snapshots site na ajụjụ kwa nkeji

Arịrịọ

--pg_qps.sql
--Calculate Query Per Second 
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION pg_qps( pg_stat_history_id integer ) RETURNS double precision AS $$
DECLARE
 pg_stat_history_rec record ;
 prev_pg_stat_history_id integer ;
 prev_pg_stat_history_rec record;
 total_seconds double precision ;
 result double precision;
BEGIN 
  result = 0 ;
  
  SELECT *
  INTO pg_stat_history_rec
  FROM 
    pg_stat_history
  WHERE id = pg_stat_history_id ;

  IF pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp IS NULL 
  THEN
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'ERROR - Not found pg_stat_history for id = %',pg_stat_history_id;
  END IF ;  
  
 --RAISE NOTICE 'pg_stat_history_id = % , snapshot_timestamp = %', pg_stat_history_id , 
 pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp ;
  
  SELECT 
    MAX(id)   
  INTO
    prev_pg_stat_history_id
  FROM
    pg_stat_history
  WHERE 
    database_id = pg_stat_history_rec.database_id AND
	queryid IS NULL AND
	id < pg_stat_history_rec.id ;

  IF prev_pg_stat_history_id IS NULL 
  THEN
    RAISE NOTICE 'Not found previous pg_stat_history shapshot for id = %',pg_stat_history_id;
	RETURN NULL ;
  END IF;
  
  SELECT *
  INTO prev_pg_stat_history_rec
  FROM 
    pg_stat_history
  WHERE id = prev_pg_stat_history_id ;
  
  --RAISE NOTICE 'prev_pg_stat_history_id = % , prev_snapshot_timestamp = %', prev_pg_stat_history_id , prev_pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp ;    

  total_seconds = extract(epoch from ( pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp - prev_pg_stat_history_rec.snapshot_timestamp ));
  
  --RAISE NOTICE 'total_seconds = % ', total_seconds ;    
  
  --RAISE NOTICE 'calls = % ', pg_stat_history_rec.calls ;      
  
  IF total_seconds > 0 
  THEN
    result = pg_stat_history_rec.calls / total_seconds ;
  ELSE
   result = 0 ; 
  END IF;
   
 RETURN result ;
END
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;


SELECT 
  id , 
  snapshot_timestamp ,
  calls , 	
  total_time , 
  ( select pg_qps( id )) AS QPS ,
  blk_read_time ,
  blk_write_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT AND
  ( select pg_qps( id )) IS NOT NULL 
ORDER BY 5 DESC 
LIMIT 10

|------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- | TOP10 Snapshots nyere iwu site na ọnụọgụ QueryPerSeconds ----------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- | #| foto nke | snapshotID| oku| ngụkọta dbtime| QPS | I/O oge | Oge I/O% +-------------------------------------- ----+------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- | 1| 04.04.2019/20/04 4161:5758631| 00| 06| 30.513:390513.926:1573.396 (00 ms.)| 00| 01.470:1470.110:376 (2 ms.)| .04.04.2019 | 17| 00/4149/3529197 00:11| 48.830| 708830.618| 980.332:00:12 (47.834 ms.)| 767834.052| 108.324:3:04.04.2019( 16 ms.)| 00 | 4143| 3525360/00/10 13.492:613492.351| 979.267| 00| 08: 41.396: 521396.555 ( 84.988 ms.)| 4| 04.04.2019:21:03 (4163 ms.)| 2781536 | 00| 03/06.470/186470.979 785.745:00| 00| 00.249| 249.865:134:5 (04.04.2019 ms.)| 19| 03:4159:2890362 (00 ms.)| .03 | 16.784| 196784.755/776.979/00 00:01.441| 1441.386| 732| 6:04.04.2019:14 (00 ms.)| 4137| 2397326: 00: 04 (43.033 ms.)| .283033.854 | 665.924| 00/00/00.024 24.505:009| 7| 04.04.2019| 15:00:4139 (2394416 ms.)| 00| 04:51.435:291435.010 (665.116 ms.)| .00 | 00| 12.025/12025.895/4.126 8:04.04.2019| 13| 00| 4135: 2373043: 00 (04 ms.)| 26.791| 266791.988:659.179:00 (00 ms.)| 00.064 | 64.261| 024/9/05.04.2019 01:03| 4167| 4387191| 00:06:51.380 (411380.293 ms.)| 609.332| 00:05:18.847 (318847.407 ms.)| .77.507 | 10| 04.04.2019/18/01 4157:1145596| 00| 01| 19.217:79217.372:313.004 (00 ms.)| 00| 01.319:1319.676:1.666 (XNUMX ms.)| XNUMX | XNUMX| XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX XNUMX:XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX| XNUMX:XNUMX:XNUMX (XNUMX ms.)| XNUMX| XNUMX:XNUMX:XNUMX (XNUMX ms.)| XNUMX

Akụkọ mmegbu nke elekere na QueryPerSeconds na Oge I/O

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  id , 
  snapshot_timestamp ,
  calls , 	
  total_time , 
  ( select pg_qps( id )) AS QPS ,
  blk_read_time ,
  blk_write_time
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
ORDER BY 2

|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| HOURLY EXECUTION HISTORY  WITH QueryPerSeconds and I/O Time
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| QUERY PER SECOND HISTORY
|    #|          snapshot| snapshotID|      calls|                      total dbtime|        QPS|                          I/O time| I/O time %
+-----+------------------+-----------+-----------+----------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------+-----------
|    1|  04.04.2019 11:00|       4131|       3747|  00:00:00.835(       835.374 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .000 ms.)|       .000
|    2|  04.04.2019 12:00|       4133|    1002722|  00:01:52.419(    112419.376 ms.)|    278.534|  00:00:00.149(       149.105 ms.)|       .133
|    3|  04.04.2019 13:00|       4135|    2373043|  00:04:26.791(    266791.988 ms.)|    659.179|  00:00:00.064(        64.261 ms.)|       .024
|    4|  04.04.2019 14:00|       4137|    2397326|  00:04:43.033(    283033.854 ms.)|    665.924|  00:00:00.024(        24.505 ms.)|       .009
|    5|  04.04.2019 15:00|       4139|    2394416|  00:04:51.435(    291435.010 ms.)|    665.116|  00:00:12.025(     12025.895 ms.)|      4.126
|    6|  04.04.2019 16:00|       4143|    3525360|  00:10:13.492(    613492.351 ms.)|    979.267|  00:08:41.396(    521396.555 ms.)|     84.988
|    7|  04.04.2019 17:00|       4149|    3529197|  00:11:48.830(    708830.618 ms.)|    980.332|  00:12:47.834(    767834.052 ms.)|    108.324
|    8|  04.04.2019 18:01|       4157|    1145596|  00:01:19.217(     79217.372 ms.)|    313.004|  00:00:01.319(      1319.676 ms.)|      1.666
|    9|  04.04.2019 19:03|       4159|    2890362|  00:03:16.784(    196784.755 ms.)|    776.979|  00:00:01.441(      1441.386 ms.)|       .732
|   10|  04.04.2019 20:04|       4161|    5758631|  00:06:30.513(    390513.926 ms.)|   1573.396|  00:00:01.470(      1470.110 ms.)|       .376
|   11|  04.04.2019 21:03|       4163|    2781536|  00:03:06.470(    186470.979 ms.)|    785.745|  00:00:00.249(       249.865 ms.)|       .134
|   12|  04.04.2019 23:03|       4165|    1443155|  00:01:34.467(     94467.539 ms.)|    200.438|  00:00:00.015(        15.287 ms.)|       .016
|   13|  05.04.2019 01:03|       4167|    4387191|  00:06:51.380(    411380.293 ms.)|    609.332|  00:05:18.847(    318847.407 ms.)|     77.507
|   14|  05.04.2019 02:03|       4171|     189852|  00:00:10.989(     10989.899 ms.)|     52.737|  00:00:00.539(       539.110 ms.)|      4.906
|   15|  05.04.2019 03:01|       4173|       3627|  00:00:00.103(       103.000 ms.)|      1.042|  00:00:00.004(         4.131 ms.)|      4.010
|   16|  05.04.2019 04:00|       4175|       3627|  00:00:00.085(        85.235 ms.)|      1.025|  00:00:00.003(         3.811 ms.)|      4.471
|   17|  05.04.2019 05:00|       4177|       3747|  00:00:00.849(       849.454 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.006(         6.124 ms.)|       .721
|   18|  05.04.2019 06:00|       4179|       3747|  00:00:00.849(       849.561 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .051 ms.)|       .006
|   19|  05.04.2019 07:00|       4181|       3747|  00:00:00.839(       839.416 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .062 ms.)|       .007
|   20|  05.04.2019 08:00|       4183|       3747|  00:00:00.846(       846.382 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .007 ms.)|       .001
|   21|  05.04.2019 09:00|       4185|       3747|  00:00:00.855(       855.426 ms.)|      1.041|  00:00:00.000(          .065 ms.)|       .008
|   22|  05.04.2019 10:00|       4187|       3797|  00:01:40.150(    100150.165 ms.)|      1.055|  00:00:21.845(     21845.217 ms.)|     21.812

Ederede nke SQL niile ahọpụtara

Arịrịọ

SELECT 
  queryid , 
  query 
FROM 
  pg_stat_history
WHERE 
  queryid IS NOT NULL AND 
  database_id = DATABASE_ID  AND
  snapshot_timestamp BETWEEN BEGIN_TIMEPOINT AND END_TIMEPOINT
GROUP BY queryid , query

Nsonaazụ

Dị ka ị na-ahụ, site n'ụzọ dị mfe, ị nwere ike nweta ọtụtụ ozi bara uru gbasara ibu ọrụ na ọnọdụ nke nchekwa data.

Mara:Ọ bụrụ na ị na-edozi queryid na ajụjụ ndị a, anyị ga-enweta akụkọ ihe mere eme maka arịrịọ dị iche (iji chekwaa ohere, a na-ahapụ akụkọ maka arịrịọ dị iche).

Yabụ, data ndekọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na arụmọrụ ajụjụ dị ma chịkọta ya.
Agba nke mbụ "nchịkọta data ndekọ aha" agwụla.

Ị nwere ike ịga n'ihu na ọkwa nke abụọ - "ịhazi metrics arụmọrụ".
Nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ajụjụ PostgreSQL. Nkebi nke 1 - akuko

Mana nke ahụ bụ akụkọ dị iche iche.

Ka ga-aga n'ihu…

isi: www.habr.com

Tinye a comment