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Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)
Ka anyị tụlee na omume iji Windows Active Directory + NPS (2 sava iji hụ na mmejọ ndidi) + 802.1x ọkọlọtọ maka ohere njikwa na nyocha nke ndị ọrụ - ngalaba kọmputa - ngwaọrụ. Ị nwere ike mata tiori dị ka ọkọlọtọ na Wikipedia, na njikọ: IEEE 802.1X

Ebe ọ bụ na “ụlọ nyocha” m nwere oke na akụrụngwa, ọrụ NPS na onye na-ahụ maka ngalaba dakọtara, mana ana m akwado ka ị kewapụ ụdị ọrụ dị oke egwu.

Amaghị m ụzọ ọkọlọtọ iji mekọrịta nhazi Windows NPS (atụmatụ), yabụ anyị ga-eji edemede PowerShell nke onye nhazi ọrụ bidoro (onye ode akwụkwọ bụbu onye ọrụ ibe m). Maka nyocha nke kọmputa ngalaba yana maka ngwaọrụ ndị enweghị ike 802.1x (ekwentị, ndị nbipute, wdg), a ga-ahazi amụma otu na a ga-emepụta otu nchekwa.

Na njedebe nke isiokwu ahụ, m ga-agwa gị banyere ụfọdụ mgbagwoju anya nke ịrụ ọrụ na 802.1x - otu ị nwere ike isi jiri ọkụ ọkụ na-adịghị edozi, ACL dị ike, wdg. M ga-ekekọrịta ozi gbasara "glitches" ndị ejidere. .

Ka anyị bido na wụnye na configuring failover NPS na Windows Server 2012R2 (ihe niile bụ otu ihe ahụ na 2016): site Server Manager -> Tinye ọrụ na atụmatụ Ọkachamara, họrọ naanị Network Policy Server.

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

ma ọ bụ iji PowerShell:

Install-WindowsFeature NPAS -IncludeManagementTools

A obere nkọwa - ebe maka EAP (PEAP) echekwara ị ga-achọrịrị akwụkwọ na-akwado izi ezi nke ihe nkesa (nwere ikike kwesịrị ekwesị iji), nke a ga-atụkwasị obi na kọmpụta ndị ahịa, mgbe ahụ ị ga-achọrịrị itinye ọrụ ahụ. Asambodo Authority. Ma anyị ga-eche na CA i tinyegoro ya...

Ka anyị mee otu ihe ahụ na sava nke abụọ. Ka anyị mepụta nchekwa maka C: scripts scripts na sava abụọ yana nchekwa netwọk na sava nke abụọ SRV2NPS-nhazi $

Ka anyị mepụta edemede PowerShell na sava mbụ C:ScriptsExport-NPS-config.ps1 ya na ọdịnaya ndị a:

Export-NpsConfiguration -Path "SRV2NPS-config$NPS.xml"

Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ka anyị hazie ọrụ na Task Sheduler: "Mbupụ-NpsConfiguration"

powershell -executionpolicy unrestricted -f "C:ScriptsExport-NPS-config.ps1"

Gbaa ọsọ maka ndị ọrụ niile - Jiri ikike kacha gbaa ọsọ
Kwa ụbọchị - Tinyegharịa ọrụ ahụ kwa nkeji iri ọ bụla. n'ime awa 10

Na ndabere NPS, hazie mbubata nhazi (atụmatụ):
Ka anyị mepụta edemede PowerShell:

echo Import-NpsConfiguration -Path "c:NPS-configNPS.xml" >> C:ScriptsImport-NPS-config.ps1

na ọrụ ime ya kwa nkeji 10 ọ bụla:

powershell -executionpolicy unrestricted -f "C:ScriptsImport-NPS-config.ps1"

Gbaa ọsọ maka ndị ọrụ niile - Jiri ikike kacha gbaa ọsọ
Kwa ụbọchị - Tinyegharịa ọrụ ahụ kwa nkeji iri ọ bụla. n'ime awa 10

Ugbu a, ka ịlele, ka anyị tinye na NPS na otu n'ime sava (!) Otu ụzọ mgbanwe na ndị ahịa RADIUS (IP na Shared Secret), atumatu arịrịọ njikọ abụọ: WIRED-Jikọọ (Ọnọdụ: "Ụdị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri NAS bụ Ethernet") na WiFi-Enterprise (Ọnọdụ: "Ụdị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri NAS bụ IEEE 802.11"), yana amụma netwọkụ. Nweta ngwaọrụ netwọkụ Cisco (Ndị nchịkwa netwọk):

Условия:
Группы Windows - domainsg-network-admins
Ограничения:
Методы проверки подлинности - Проверка открытым текстом (PAP, SPAP)
Параметры:
Атрибуты RADIUS: Стандарт - Service-Type - Login
Зависящие от поставщика - Cisco-AV-Pair - Cisco - shell:priv-lvl=15

N'akụkụ mgba ọkụ, ntọala ndị a:

aaa new-model
aaa local authentication attempts max-fail 5
!
!
aaa group server radius NPS
 server-private 192.168.38.151 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813 key %shared_secret%
 server-private 192.168.10.151 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813 key %shared_secret%
!
aaa authentication login default group NPS local
aaa authentication dot1x default group NPS
aaa authorization console
aaa authorization exec default group NPS local if-authenticated
aaa authorization network default group NPS
!
aaa session-id common
!
identity profile default
!
dot1x system-auth-control
!
!
line vty 0 4
 exec-timeout 5 0
 transport input ssh
 escape-character 99
line vty 5 15
 exec-timeout 5 0
 logging synchronous
 transport input ssh
 escape-character 99

Mgbe nhazichara, mgbe nkeji 10 gachara, ndị ahịa niilepolicyparameters kwesịrị ịpụta na ndabere NPS ma anyị ga-enwe ike ịbanye na switches site na iji akaụntụ ActiveDirectory, onye so na ngalaba ngalaba-network-admins (nke anyị mepụtara tupu oge eruo).

Ka anyị gaa n'ihu n'ịtọlite ​​Active Directory - mepụta otu na atumatu okwuntughe, mepụta otu ndị dị mkpa.

Iwu otu Kọmputa-8021x-Ntọala:

Computer Configuration (Enabled)
   Policies
     Windows Settings
        Security Settings
          System Services
     Wired AutoConfig (Startup Mode: Automatic)
Wired Network (802.3) Policies


NPS-802-1x

Name	NPS-802-1x
Description	802.1x
Global Settings
SETTING	VALUE
Use Windows wired LAN network services for clients	Enabled
Shared user credentials for network authentication	Enabled
Network Profile
Security Settings
Enable use of IEEE 802.1X authentication for network access	Enabled
Enforce use of IEEE 802.1X authentication for network access	Disabled
IEEE 802.1X Settings
Computer Authentication	Computer only
Maximum Authentication Failures	10
Maximum EAPOL-Start Messages Sent	 
Held Period (seconds)	 
Start Period (seconds)	 
Authentication Period (seconds)	 
Network Authentication Method Properties
Authentication method	Protected EAP (PEAP)
Validate server certificate	Enabled
Connect to these servers	 
Do not prompt user to authorize new servers or trusted certification authorities	Disabled
Enable fast reconnect	Enabled
Disconnect if server does not present cryptobinding TLV	Disabled
Enforce network access protection	Disabled
Authentication Method Configuration
Authentication method	Secured password (EAP-MSCHAP v2)
Automatically use my Windows logon name and password(and domain if any)	Enabled

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

Ka anyị mepụta otu nchekwa sg-kọmputa-8021x-vl100, ebe anyị ga-agbakwunye kọmpụta anyị chọrọ ikesa na vlan 100 wee hazie nzacha maka iwu otu e mepụtara na mbụ maka otu a:

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

Ị nwere ike ịchọpụta na amụma ahụ arụ ọrụ nke ọma site na imepe "Network na Sharing Center (Network and Internet Settings) - Ịgbanwe ntọala nkwụnye (Ịhazi ntọala nkwụnye) - Njirimara nkwụnye", ebe anyị nwere ike ịhụ taabụ "Nnwale":

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

Mgbe ị kwenyesiri ike na etinyere iwu a nke ọma, ị nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-edozi amụma netwọkụ na NPS na ịnweta ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri.

Ka anyị mepụta amụma netwọkụ neag-kọmputa-8021x-vl100:

Conditions:
  Windows Groups - sg-computers-8021x-vl100
  NAS Port Type - Ethernet
Constraints:
  Authentication Methods - Microsoft: Protected EAP (PEAP) - Unencrypted authentication (PAP, SPAP)
  NAS Port Type - Ethernet
Settings:
  Standard:
   Framed-MTU 1344
   TunnelMediumType 802 (includes all 802 media plus Ethernet canonical format)
   TunnelPrivateGroupId  100
   TunnelType  Virtual LANs (VLAN)

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

Ntọala a na-ahụkarị maka ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri mgba ọkụ (biko mara na a na-eji ụdị njirimara "multi-domain" - Data & Voice, yana enwere ike ịnweta nkwenye site na adreesị Mac. N'oge "oge mgbanwe" ọ bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya iji na parameters:


authentication event fail action authorize vlan 100
authentication event no-response action authorize vlan 100

Vlan id abụghị “kwarantaini”, kama ọ bụ otu ebe kọmputa onye ọrụ ga-aga mgbe ịbanye na nke ọma - ruo mgbe anyị ji n'aka na ihe niile na-arụ ọrụ dịka o kwesịrị. Enwere ike iji otu paramita ndị a na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe nkwụnye ọkụ na-adịghị edozi na-agbanye n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri a ma ịchọrọ ka ngwaọrụ niile ejikọrọ na ya bụ ndị na-agafebeghị nkwenye ka ha daba na ụfọdụ vlan ("quarantine").

gbanwee ntọala ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na 802.1x host-mode multi- domain mode

default int range Gi1/0/39-41
int range Gi1/0/39-41
shu
des PC-IPhone_802.1x
switchport mode access
switchport nonegotiate
switchport voice vlan 55
switchport port-security maximum 2
authentication event fail action authorize vlan 100
authentication event no-response action authorize vlan 100
authentication host-mode multi-domain
authentication port-control auto
authentication violation restrict
mab
dot1x pae authenticator
dot1x timeout quiet-period 15
dot1x timeout tx-period 3
storm-control broadcast level pps 100
storm-control multicast level pps 110
no vtp
lldp receive
lldp transmit
spanning-tree portfast
no shu
exit

Ị nwere ike ijide n'aka na kọmputa gị na ekwentị gị agafeela nyocha nke ọma site na iwu a:

sh authentication sessions int Gi1/0/39 det

Ugbu a, ka anyị mepụta otu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, sg-fgpp-mab ) na Active Directory maka ekwentị ma tinye otu ngwaọrụ na ya maka nnwale (n'ọnọdụ m ọ bụ GXP2160 na adrees mas 000b.82ba.a7b1 na resp. akaụntụ ngalaba 00b82baa7b1).

Maka otu emepụtara, anyị ga-agbadata iwu paswọọdụ chọrọ (iji Atumatu okwuntughe mara mma site na Center Active Directory Administrative Center -> ngalaba -> Sistemu -> Okwuntughe Ntọala) yana paramita ndị a Okwuntughe-Ntọala-maka-MAB:

Ịhazi 802.1X na Cisco Switches Iji Failover NPS (Windows RADIUS na AD)

Ya mere, anyị ga-ekwe ka ojiji nke ngwaọrụ mas adreesị dị ka okwuntughe. Mgbe nke a gasịrị, anyị nwere ike ịmepụta amụma netwọk maka 802.1x method mab authentication, ka anyị kpọọ ya neag-devices-8021x-voice. The parameters bụ dị ka ndị a:

  • Ụdị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri NAS - Ethernet
  • Otu Windows – sg-fgpp-mab
  • Ụdị EAP: Nyocha ezoro ezo (PAP, SPAP)
  • Àgwà RADIUS - Onye na-ere ahịa Specific: Cisco - Cisco-AV-Pair - Uru njirimara: ngwaọrụ-traffic-class = olu

Mgbe nyochachara nke ọma (echefukwala ịhazi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri), ka anyị lelee ozi sitere na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri:

sh nyocha se int Gi1/0/34

----------------------------------------
            Interface:  GigabitEthernet1/0/34
          MAC Address:  000b.82ba.a7b1
           IP Address:  172.29.31.89
            User-Name:  000b82baa7b1
               Status:  Authz Success
               Domain:  VOICE
       Oper host mode:  multi-domain
     Oper control dir:  both
        Authorized By:  Authentication Server
      Session timeout:  N/A
         Idle timeout:  N/A
    Common Session ID:  0000000000000EB2000B8C5E
      Acct Session ID:  0x00000134
               Handle:  0xCE000EB3

Runnable methods list:
       Method   State
       dot1x    Failed over
       mab      Authc Success

Ugbu a, dị ka e kwere ná nkwa, ka anyị leba anya n'ọnọdụ ole na ole na-apụtachaghị ìhè. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, anyị kwesịrị ijikọ kọmputa ndị ọrụ na ngwaọrụ site na mgba ọkụ na-adịghị edozi (mgbanwe). N'okwu a, ntọala ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri maka ya ga-adị ka nke a:

gbanwee ntọala ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na 802.1x host-mode multi-auth mode

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
description *SW – 802.1x – 8 mac*
shu
switchport mode access
switchport nonegotiate
switchport voice vlan 55
switchport port-security maximum 8  ! увеличиваем кол-во допустимых мас-адресов
authentication event fail action authorize vlan 100
authentication event no-response action authorize vlan 100
authentication host-mode multi-auth  ! – режим аутентификации
authentication port-control auto
authentication violation restrict
mab
dot1x pae authenticator
dot1x timeout quiet-period 15
dot1x timeout tx-period 3
storm-control broadcast level pps 100
storm-control multicast level pps 110
no vtp
spanning-tree portfast
no shu

PS anyị hụrụ a nnọọ iju glitch - ma ọ bụrụ na ngwaọrụ ejikọrọ site dị otú ahụ a mgba ọkụ, na mgbe ahụ ọ plugged n'ime a jisiri mgba ọkụ, mgbe ahụ, ọ gaghị arụ ọrụ ruo mgbe anyị reboot(!) mgba ọkụ ahụ. iji dozie nsogbu a ma.

Isi ihe ọzọ metụtara DHCP (ọ bụrụ na ejiri ip dhcp snooping) - enweghị nhọrọ ndị a:

ip dhcp snooping vlan 1-100
no ip dhcp snooping information option

Maka ihe ụfọdụ enweghị m ike ịnweta adreesị IP nke ọma ... n'agbanyeghị na nke a nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ nke sava DHCP anyị

Na Mac OS & Linux (nke nwere nkwado 802.1x nke ala) gbalịa ịchọpụta onye ọrụ ahụ, ọbụlagodi na ahaziri njirimara site na adreesị Mac.

N'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke isiokwu ahụ, anyị ga-eleba anya na iji 802.1x maka Ikuku (dabere na otu nke akaụntụ onye ọrụ bụ, anyị ga-atụba ya na netwọk kwekọrọ (vlan), n'agbanyeghị na ha ga-ejikọta ya. otu SSID).

isi: www.habr.com

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