🥇Netplan na otu esi esi ya nke ọma

Ubuntu sistemụ arụmọrụ dị egwu, anaghị m arụ ọrụ na ya ogologo oge Ubuntu sava, imelite Desktọpụ m site na ụdị kwụsiri ike adịghị mma. Mgbe ahụ, n'oge na-adịghị anya gara aga, aghaghị m ịnagide mwepụta ọhụrụ. Ubuntu Na sava 18.04, o juru m anya nke ukwuu mgbe m chọpụtara na m nọ n'azụ oge niile ma enweghị m ike ịhazi netwọk m n'ihi na usoro ochie ochie nke ịhazi njikọ netwọk site na idezi faịlụ /etc/network/interfaces apụọla. Gịnịkwa dochie ya? Ihe dị egwu na, na nlele mbụ, nke a na-apụghị ịghọta kpamkpam—zute "Netplan."

N'ikwu eziokwu, na mbụ enweghị m ike ịghọta ihe nkwekọrịta ahụ bụ na "ihe mere o ji dị mkpa, e kwuwerị, ihe niile dị nnọọ mfe," mana mgbe m mụsịrị obere ihe, achọpụtara m na o nwere ọmarịcha nke ya. Ya mere, okwu egwu zuru oke, ka anyị gaa n'ihu na ihe Netplan bụ. Nke a bụ ngwa ọhụrụ maka ịhazi netwọk na Ubuntu, ma ọ dịkarịa ala "Ahụtụbeghị m ihe dị ka nke a na nkesa ndị ọzọ." Ihe dị iche na Netplan bụ na e dere nhazi ahụ n'asụsụ ahụ UMUAKA, ee, ị nụrụ ziri ezi YAML, ndị mmepe kpebiri na-aga n'ihu na oge (na n'agbanyeghị otú ha na-eto ya, m ka na-eche na ọ bụ a egwu asụsụ). Ihe ọjọọ dị n'asụsụ a bụ na ọ na-enwe mmetụta nke ukwuu na oghere, ka anyị lelee nhazi site na iji ihe atụ.

Faịlụ nhazi dị n'akụkụ ụzọ /etc/netplan/filename.yaml, n'etiti ngọngọ ọ bụla kwesịrị inwe oghere + 2.

1) Standard nkụnye eji isi mee dị ka nke a:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4:no

Ka anyị lee ihe anyị mere ugbu a:

netwọk: - nke a bụ mmalite nke ngọngọ nhazi.
renderer: networkd - ebe a anyị na-egosi onye njikwa netwọk anyị ga-eji, nke a bụ netwọk ma ọ bụ NetworkManager
ụdị: 2 - ebe a, ka m ghọtara ya, bụ ụdị YAML.
ethernets: - ngọngọ a na-egosi na anyị ga-ahazi usoro ethernet.
enps0f0: - gosi ihe nkwụnye netwọkụ anyị ga-ahazi.
dhcp4: mba - gbanyụọ DHCP v4, maka 6 v6 dhcp6 n'otu n'otu

2) Ka anyị gbalịa ikenye adreesị IP:

    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4:no
      macaddress: bb:11:13:ab:ff:32
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24, 10.10.10.3/24]
      gateway4: 10.10.10.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: 8.8.8.8

N'ebe a, anyị debere poppy, ipv4, gateway na sava dns. Rịba ama na ọ bụrụ na anyị chọrọ ihe karịrị otu adreesị IP, mgbe ahụ, anyị na-ede ha kewapụrụ rịkọm na a amanyere bụ ohere ohere mgbe.

3) Gịnị ma ọ bụrụ na anyị chọrọ njikota?

  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
      parameters: 
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1

bonds: - ngọngọ na-akọwa na anyị ga-ahazi bonding.
bond0: - aha interface aka ike.
interfaces: - a set nke interfaces anakọtara na a bond-ding, "dị ka e kwuru na mbụ, ọ bụrụ na e nwere ọtụtụ parameters, anyị na-akọwa ha na square brackets."
parameters: - kọwapụta ngọngọ ntọala paramita
mode: - ezipụta ọnọdụ nke njikọ ga-arụ ọrụ.
mii-monitor-interval: - tọọ oge nleba anya ka ọ bụrụ 1 sekọnd.

N'ime ngọngọ akpọrọ bond, ị nwekwara ike hazie paramita dị ka adreesị, gateway4, ụzọ, wdg.

Anyị agbakwunyela redundancy maka netwọk anyị, ugbu a naanị ihe fọdụrụ bụ ịwụnye vlan na ntọlite nwere ike were zuru ezu.

vlans: 
    vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: bond0
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
      gateway: 10.10.10.1
      routes:
        - to: 10.10.10.2/24
          via: 10.10.10.1
          on-link: true

vlans: - kwuwapụta ngọngọ nhazi vlan.
vlan10: - aka ike aha nke vlan interface.
id: - mkpado nke vlan anyị.
njikọ: - interface site na nke vlan ga-enweta.
ụzọ: - kwupụta ngọngọ nkọwa ụzọ.
- ka: - tọọ adreesị/subnet nke ụzọ a chọrọ.
site: - ezipụta ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke subnet anyị ga-esi nweta.
on-njikọ: - anyị na-egosi na a ga-edebanye aha ụzọ mgbe ọ bụla njikọ.

Lezienụ anya ka m si etinye oghere; nke a dị ezigbo mkpa na YAML.

Ya mere, anyị kọwara netwọk netwọk, kere bonding, na ọbụna tinye vlans. Ka anyị tinye config anyị, netplan apply Command ga-elele config anyị maka njehie wee tinye ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-aga nke ọma.

N'ịchịkọtala koodu blocks niile gara aga, nke a bụ ihe anyị nwetara:

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0f0:
      dhcp4: no
    ensp3s0f1:
      dhcp4: no
  bonds:
    bond0:
      dhcp4: no
      interfaces: [enp3s0f0, enp3s0f1]
      parameters: 
        mode: 802.3ad
        mii-monitor-interval: 1
  vlan10:
      id: 10
      link: bond0
      dhcp4: no
      addresses: [10.10.10.2/24]
      routes:
        - to: 10.10.10.2/24
          via: 10.10.10.1
          on-link: true
  vlan20:
    id: 20
    link: bond0
    dhcp4: no
    addresses: [10.10.11.2/24]
    gateway: 10.10.11.1
    nameserver:
      addresses: [8.8.8.8]

Ugbu a netwọk anyị dị njikere maka ịrụ ọrụ, ihe niile tụgharịrị na ọ bụghị egwu dị ka ọ dị na mbụ na koodu ahụ wee bụrụ nke mara mma na nke a na-agụ. PC daalụ maka netplan enwere ezigbo akwụkwọ ntuziaka na njikọ ahụ https://netplan.io/.

isi: www.habr.com

Netplan na otu esi akwadebe ya nke ọma