Edemede a bụ n'ihu nke nke gara aga-“".
Ọ ga-ekpuchi usoro nhazi nke nrụnye na nhazi nke ụyọkọ oVirt 4.3 maka nnabata igwe mebere nke ọma dị, na-eburu n'uche na emechalarị usoro mmalite niile maka ịkwadebe akụrụngwa na mbụ.
Okwu mmeghe
Ebumnuche bụ isi nke isiokwu a bụ inye ntụziaka nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ dị ka "Osote -> Ee -> Imecha"otu esi egosi ụfọdụ atụmatụ mgbe ị na-etinye na nhazi ya. Usoro maka ibugharị ụyọkọ gị nwere ike ọ gaghị adabakọ mgbe niile na nke akọwara na ya, n'ihi njirimara akụrụngwa na gburugburu ebe obibi, mana ụkpụrụ izugbe ga-abụ otu.
Site n'echiche nke onwe, Ọrụ ya yiri ụdị VMware vSphere 5.x, mana n'ezie nwere njirimara nhazi ya na ọrụ ya.
Maka ndị nwere mmasị, enwere ike ịhụ ọdịiche niile dị n'etiti RHEV (aka oVirt) na VMware vSphere na ịntanetị, dịka ọmụmaatụ. , ma m ka ga na-ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ ụfọdụ n'ime ọdịiche ha ma ọ bụ myirịta ha na ibe ha ka isiokwu na-aga n'ihu.
Iche iche, ọ ga-amasị m iji ntakịrị ọrụ tụnyere netwọk maka igwe mebere. oVirt na-arụ ọrụ yiri nke ahụ nke njikwa netwọkụ maka igwe mebere (nke a na-akpọ VMs), dị ka ọ dị na VMware vSphere:
- iji akwa Linux ọkọlọtọ (na VMware - vSwitch ọkọlọtọ), na-agba ọsọ na virtualization hosts;
- iji Open vSwitch (OVS) (na VMware - vSwitch ekesara) bụ ngbanwe mebere nkesa nwere ihe abụọ bụ isi: ihe nkesa OVN etiti yana ndị na-ahụ maka ndị na-elekọta OVN na ndị ọbịa a na-achịkwa.
Ekwesiri ighota na n'ihi nfe nke mmejuputa ya, isiokwu a ga-akọwa nhazi netwọk na oVirt maka VM site na iji eriri Linux ọkọlọtọ, nke bụ nhọrọ ọkọlọtọ mgbe ị na-eji hypervisor KVM.
N'akụkụ a, enwere ọtụtụ iwu bụ isi maka ịrụ ọrụ na netwọkụ na ụyọkọ, nke kachasị mma ka a ghara imebi ya:
- Ntọala netwọkụ niile dị na ndị ọbịa tupu ịgbakwunye ha na oVirt ga-abụrịrị otu, ewezuga adreesị IP.
- Ozugbo eweghaara onye ọbịa n'okpuru njikwa oVirt, a naghị atụ aro ka ị gbanwee ihe ọ bụla na aka gị na ntọala netwọkụ na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi zuru oke na omume gị, ebe ọ bụ na onye nnọchi anya oVirt ga-atụgharịghachi ya na ndị gara aga ka ịmalitegharịa onye ọbịa ma ọ bụ. onye nnọchi anya.
- Ịgbakwunye netwọk ọhụrụ maka VM, yana ịrụ ọrụ na ya, kwesịrị ime naanị site na njikwa njikwa oVirt.
Ọzọ ndetu dị mkpa - maka gburugburu ebe dị oke egwu (nwere mmetụta maka mfu ego), a ka ga-atụ aro ka iji nkwado na ojiji akwụ ụgwọ. . N'oge arụ ọrụ nke ụyọkọ oVirt, ụfọdụ okwu nwere ike ibilite nke ọ dị mma ịnweta enyemaka ozugbo enwere ike, kama ịmekọrịta ha n'onwe gị.
N'ikpeazụ, ka akwadoro Tupu ibuga ụyọkọ oVirt, mara onwe gị nke ọma , iji mara ma ọ dịkarịa ala isi echiche na nkọwa, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ ga-esiri ike ịgụ ihe ndị ọzọ.
Ihe ndabere maka ịghọta akụkọ na ụkpụrụ nke ọrụ nke ụyọkọ oVirt bụ akwụkwọ ntuziaka ndị a:
Olu ahụ adịghị oke ibu, n'ime otu awa ma ọ bụ abụọ ị nwere ike ịmụta ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi, mana maka ndị na-amasị nkọwa, a na-atụ aro ka ị gụọ. - RHEV na oVirt bụ otu ihe.
Yabụ, ọ bụrụ na emechara ntọala ntọala niile na ndị ọbịa, switches na sistemụ nchekwa, anyị na-aga n'ihu ozugbo na ntinye nke oVirt.
Nkebi 2. Ịwụnye na ịhazi ụyọkọ oVirt 4.3
Maka ntụzịaka dị mfe, m ga-edepụta akụkụ ndị bụ isi na edemede a, nke a ga-emecha n'otu n'otu:
- Ịwụnye ihe nkesa njikwa oVirt
- Ịmepụta ebe data ọhụrụ
- Ịmepụta ụyọkọ ọhụrụ
- Ịwụnye ndị ọbịa ọzọ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke onwe
- Ịmepụta ebe nchekwa ma ọ bụ ngalaba Nchekwa
- Ịmepụta na ịhazi netwọk maka igwe mebere
- Ịmepụta onyonyo nwụnye maka ibugharị igwe mebere
- Mepụta igwe mebere
Ịwụnye ihe nkesa njikwa oVirt
ihe nkesa njikwa oVirt bụ ihe kachasị mkpa na akụrụngwa oVirt, n'ụdị igwe mebere, onye ọbịa, ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ mebere nke na-ejikwa akụrụngwa oVirt dum.
Analọgụ ya dị nso sitere na ụwa nke virtualization bụ:
- VMware vSphere - sava vCenter
- Microsoft Hyper-V - Onye njikwa igwe mebere sistemu Center (VMM).
Iji wụnye ihe nkesa njikwa oVirt, anyị nwere nhọrọ abụọ:
Nhọrọ 1
Na-ebuga ihe nkesa n'ụdị VM pụrụ iche ma ọ bụ onye ọbịa.
Nhọrọ a na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, mana ọ bụrụhaala na VM dị otú ahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'adabereghị na ụyọkọ ahụ, ya bụ. anaghị agba ọsọ na ụyọkọ ụyọkọ ọ bụla dị ka igwe mebere oge niile na-agba KVM.
Kedu ihe kpatara na enweghị ike ibunye ụdị VM dị otú ahụ na ụyọkọ ụyọkọ?
Na mmalite nke usoro nke itinye ihe nkesa njikwa oVirt, anyị nwere nsogbu - anyị kwesịrị ịwụnye VM nchịkwa, mana n'eziokwu ọ dịghị ụyọkọ n'onwe ya, ya mere gịnị ka anyị nwere ike ịbịa na ofufe? Nke ahụ ziri ezi - wụnye KVM na ọnụ ụyọkọ ụyọkọ n'ọdịnihu, wee mepụta igwe mebere na ya, dịka ọmụmaatụ, yana CentOS OS wee tinye injin oVirt n'ime ya. Enwere ike ime nke a maka ihe kpatara njikwa zuru oke na VM dị otú ahụ, mana nke a bụ ebumnuche hiere ụzọ, n'ihi na na nke a, n'ọdịnihu, 100% ga-enwe nsogbu na njikwa VM dị otú ahụ:
- enweghị ike ịkwaga ya na oVirt console n'etiti ndị ọbịa (ọnụ ọnụ) nke ụyọkọ;
- mgbe ị na-akwaga site na iji KVM site virish ịkwaga, VM a agaghị adị maka njikwa site na oVirt console.
- enweghị ike igosipụta ụyọkọ ụyọkọ Ụdị nlekọta (ọnọdụ nlekọta), ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji VM kwaga VM a site na onye ọbịa gaa na nnabata virish ịkwaga.
Yabụ mee ihe niile dịka iwu siri dị - jiri ma ọ bụ onye ọbịa dị iche maka sava njikwa oVirt, ma ọ bụ VM nọọrọ onwe ya na-agba ọsọ na ya, ma ọ bụ ka mma, mee dị ka edere na nhọrọ nke abụọ.
Nhọrọ 2
Ịwụnye ngwa oVirt Engine na ụyọkọ ụyọkọ nke ya na-achịkwa.
Ọ bụ nhọrọ a ka a ga-atụle n'ihu dị ka ihe ziri ezi ma dabara adaba n'ọnọdụ anyị.
A kọwapụtara ihe ndị a chọrọ maka VM dị otú ahụ n'okpuru ebe a; M ga-agbakwunye naanị na a na-atụ aro ka ịnwe ma ọ dịkarịa ala ndị ọbịa abụọ na akụrụngwa nke njikwa VM nwere ike iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma. N'ebe a, ọ ga-amasị m ịgbakwunye nke ahụ, dịka m dere na nkwupụta na isiokwu gara aga, enweghị m ike ịnweta mgbawa ụbụrụ na ụyọkọ oVirt nke ndị ọbịa abụọ, na-enwe ike ịgba ọsọ VM akwadoro na ha.
Ịwụnye ngwa injin oVirt na ndị ọbịa mbụ nke ụyọkọ ahụ
Njikọ na akwụkwọ gọọmentị - , isi "»
Akwụkwọ ahụ na-akọwapụta ihe ndị a ga-emerịrị tupu ha ebuga VM akwadoro, ma kọwakwa n'ụzọ zuru ezu usoro nrụnye n'onwe ya, yabụ na ọ nweghị uru ikwugharị ya ngwa ngwa, yabụ anyị ga-elekwasị anya na nkọwa ụfọdụ dị mkpa.
- Tupu ịmalite omume niile, jide n'aka na ị ga-eme ka nkwado nke ọma na ntọala BIOS na onye ọbịa.
- Wụnye ngwungwu maka ihe nrụnye injin a kwadoro na onye ọbịa:
yum -y install http://resources.ovirt.org/pub/yum-repo/ovirt-release43.rpm
yum -y install epel-release
yum install screen ovirt-hosted-engine-setup- Anyị na-amalite usoro maka ibuga oVirt Hosted Engine na onye ọbịa na ihuenyo (ị nwere ike wepu ya site na Ctrl-A + D, nso site na Ctrl-D):
screen
hosted-engine --deployỌ bụrụ na-ịchọrọ, ị nwere ike iji faịlụ azịza akwadoro wụnye ya:
hosted-engine --deploy --config-append=/var/lib/ovirt-hosted-engine-setup/answers/answers-ohe.conf- Mgbe anyị na-ebuga Hosted-engine, anyị na-akọwapụta paramita niile dị mkpa:
- имя кластера
- количество vCPU и vRAM (рекомендуется 4 vCPU и 16 Гб)
- пароли
- тип хранилища для hosted engine ВМ – в нашем случае FC
- номер LUN для установки hosted engine
- где будет находиться база данных для hosted engine – рекомендую для простоты выбрать Local (это БД PostgreSQL работающая внутри этой ВМ)
и др. параметры. - Iji wụnye VM dị nke ukwuu nke nwere injin a kwadoro, anyị na-emepụtabu LUN pụrụ iche na sistemụ nchekwa, ọnụọgụ 4 na 150 GB n'ogo, nke ewepụtara ya n'aka ndị agha ụyọkọ - lee. .
Na mbụ, anyị enyochakwara ọhụhụ ya na ndị ọbịa:
multipath -ll
…
3600a098000e4b4b3000003c95d171065 dm-3 DELL , MD38xxf
size=150G features='3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50' hwhandler='1 rdac' wp=rw
|-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=14 status=active
| `- 15:0:0:4 sdc 8:32 active ready running
`-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=9 status=enabled
`- 18:0:0:4 sdj 8:144 active ready running- Usoro ntinye igwe nke akwadoro n'onwe ya adịghị mgbagwoju anya; na njedebe anyị kwesịrị ịnata ihe dịka nke a:
[ INFO ] Generating answer file '/var/lib/ovirt-hosted-engine-setup/answers/answers-20191129131846.conf'
[ INFO ] Generating answer file '/etc/ovirt-hosted-engine/answers.conf'
[ INFO ] Stage: Pre-termination
[ INFO ] Stage: Termination
[ INFO ] Hosted Engine successfully deployedAnyị na-elele ọnụnọ nke ọrụ oVirt na onye ọbịa:
Ọ bụrụ na emechara ihe niile n'ụzọ ziri ezi, mgbe ahụ ka emechara nrụnye, jiri ihe nchọgharị weebụ gaa site na kọmputa onye nchịkwa, wee pịa [Portal nchịkwa].
nseta ihuenyo nke "Portal nchịkwa"
Site na ịbanye na nbanye na paswọọdụ (nke edobere n'oge usoro nrụnye) n'ime mpio ahụ dị ka ọ dị na nseta ihuenyo, anyị na-abanye na njikwa njikwa mebere Virtualization Manager, nke ị nwere ike iji akụrụngwa mebere eme ihe niile:
- tinye ebe data
- tinye na hazie ụyọkọ
- tinye ma jikwaa ndị ọbịa
- tinye ebe nchekwa ma ọ bụ ngalaba nchekwa maka diski igwe mebere
- tinye ma hazie netwọk maka igwe mebere
- tinye ma jikwaa igwe mebere, onyonyo nwụnye, ndebiri VM
A ga-atụle ihe ndị a niile n'ihu, ụfọdụ na nnukwu sel, ndị ọzọ na nkọwa zuru ezu na nuances.
Mana nke mbụ, m ga-akwado ịgụ ihe mgbakwunye a, nke nwere ike ịbara ọtụtụ mmadụ uru.
Mgbakwunye
1) Na ụkpụrụ, ọ bụrụ na e nwere mkpa dị otú ahụ, ọ dịghị ihe na-egbochi gị ịwụnye KVM hypervisor na ụyọkọ ọnụ n'ihu site na iji ngwugwu. libvirt и qemu-kvm (ma ọ bụ qemu-kvm-ev) nke ụdị achọrọ, ọ bụ ezie na mgbe ị na-ebuga ọnụ ụyọkọ oVirt, ọ nwere ike ime nke a n'onwe ya.
Ma ọ bụrụ libvirt и qemu-kvm Ọ bụrụ na ịwụnyebeghị ụdị kachasị ọhụrụ, ịnwere ike ịnweta njehie a mgbe ị na-ebuga injin akwadoro:
error: unsupported configuration: unknown CPU feature: md-clearNdị ahụ. ga-enwe libvirt na nchedo si , nke na-akwado amụma a:
<feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>Wụnye libvirt v.4.5.0-10.el7_6.12, na nkwado md-clear:
yum-config-manager --disable mirror.centos.org_centos-7_7_virt_x86_64_libvirt-latest_
yum install centos-release-qemu-ev
yum update
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer libguestfs libguestfs-tools dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts virt-top libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl restart libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtdLelee maka nkwado 'md-clear':
virsh domcapabilities kvm | grep require
<feature policy='require' name='ss'/>
<feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
<feature policy='require' name='tsc_adjust'/>
<feature policy='require' name='clflushopt'/>
<feature policy='require' name='pku'/>
<feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>
<feature policy='require' name='stibp'/>
<feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
<feature policy='require' name='invtsc'/>Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ị nwere ike ịga n'ihu na-etinye engine a kwadoro.
2) Na oVirt 4.3, ọnụnọ na ojiji nke firewall onye na -agba ọkụ bụ ihe a chọrọ n'aka.
Ọ bụrụ na n'oge ebuga VM maka injin akwadoro anyị na-enweta njehie a:
[ ERROR ] fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "firewalld is required to be enabled and active in order to correctly deploy hosted-engine. Please check, fix accordingly and re-deploy.n"}
[ ERROR ] Failed to execute stage 'Closing up': Failed executing ansible-playbook
[https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1608467Mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị gbanyụọ firewall ọzọ (ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya), ma wụnye na-agba ọsọ onye na -agba ọkụ:
yum install firewalld
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalld
firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
firewall-cmd --get-zonesMgbe e mesịrị, mgbe ị na-etinye onye ọrụ ovirt na onye ọbịa ọhụrụ maka ụyọkọ ahụ, ọ ga-ahazi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri achọrọ na ya. onye na -agba ọkụ na-akpaghị aka.
3) Ịmegharị onye ọbịa na VM na-agba ọsọ na ya na engine kwadoro.
Ka ọ dị na mbụ, и na akwụkwọ nchịkwa.
A na-eme njikwa niile nke injin VM akwadoro naanị site na iji iwu ahụ akwadoro-igwe na usu ebe ọ na-agba ọsọ, banyere nwa agbọghọ anyị ga-echefu, yana eziokwu na ị nwere ike jikọọ na VM a site na SSH wee mee iwu "shutdown".
Usoro maka itinye VM na ọnọdụ mmezi:
hosted-engine --set-maintenance --mode=global
hosted-engine --vm-status
!! Cluster is in GLOBAL MAINTENANCE mode !!
--== Host host1.test.local (id: 1) status ==--
conf_on_shared_storage : True
Status up-to-date : True
Hostname : host1.test.local
Host ID : 1
Engine status : {"health": "good", "vm": "up", "detail": "Up"}
Score : 3400
stopped : False
Local maintenance : False
crc32 : dee1a774
local_conf_timestamp : 1821
Host timestamp : 1821
Extra metadata (valid at timestamp):
metadata_parse_version=1
metadata_feature_version=1
timestamp=1821 (Sat Nov 29 14:25:19 2019)
host-id=1
score=3400
vm_conf_refresh_time=1821 (Sat Nov 29 14:25:19 2019)
conf_on_shared_storage=True
maintenance=False
state=GlobalMaintenance
stopped=False
hosted-engine --vm-shutdownAnyị na-eji onye na-ahụ maka injin a kwadoro ma malitegharịa onye ọbịa ahụ ma jiri ya mee ihe anyị chọrọ.
Mgbe ịmalitegharịrị, lelee ọnọdụ VM na injin a kwadoro:
hosted-engine --vm-statusỌ bụrụ na VM anyị nwere igwe eji arụ ọrụ anaghị ebido yana ọ bụrụ na anyị ahụ mperi ndị yiri ya na ndekọ ọrụ:
Njehie na ndekọ ọrụ:
journalctl -u ovirt-ha-agent
...
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.hosted_engine.HostedEngine ERROR Failed to start necessary monitors
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.agent.Agent ERROR Traceback (most recent call last):#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/agent.py", line 131, in _run_agent#012 return action(he)#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/agent.py", line 55, in action_proper#012 return he.start_monitoring()#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/hosted_engine.py", line 413, in start_monitoring#012 self._initialize_broker()#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/hosted_engine.py", line 537, in _initialize_broker#012 m.get('options', {}))#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/lib/brokerlink.py", line 86, in start_monitor#012 ).format(t=type, o=options, e=e)#012RequestError: brokerlink - failed to start monitor via ovirt-ha-broker: [Errno 2] No such file or directory, [monitor: 'ping', options: {'addr': '172.20.32.32'}]
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.agent.Agent ERROR Trying to restart agentMgbe ahụ anyị jikọọ nchekwa ahụ wee malitegharịa onye nnọchi anya:
hosted-engine --connect-storage
systemctl restart ovirt-ha-agent
systemctl status ovirt-ha-agent
hosted-engine --vm-start
hosted-engine --vm-statusMgbe ejiri igwe kwadoro VM malite, anyị na-ewepụ ya na ọnọdụ mmezi:
Usoro maka iwepụ VM na ọnọdụ mmezi:
hosted-engine --check-liveliness
hosted-engine --set-maintenance --mode=none
hosted-engine --vm-status
--== Host host1.test.local (id: 1) status ==--
conf_on_shared_storage : True
Status up-to-date : True
Hostname : host1.test.local
Host ID : 1
Engine status : {"health": "good", "vm": "up", "detail": "Up"}
Score : 3400
stopped : False
Local maintenance : False
crc32 : 6d1eb25f
local_conf_timestamp : 6222296
Host timestamp : 6222296
Extra metadata (valid at timestamp):
metadata_parse_version=1
metadata_feature_version=1
timestamp=6222296 (Fri Jan 17 11:40:43 2020)
host-id=1
score=3400
vm_conf_refresh_time=6222296 (Fri Jan 17 11:40:43 2020)
conf_on_shared_storage=True
maintenance=False
state=EngineUp
stopped=False4) Wepụ engine akwadoro na ihe niile metụtara ya.
Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ dị mkpa iwepụ engine a kwadoro na mbụ - na akwụkwọ nduzi.
Naanị gbanye iwu na onye ọbịa:
/usr/sbin/ovirt-hosted-engine-cleanupỌzọ, anyị na-ewepụ ngwugwu na-enweghị isi, na-akwado ụfọdụ nhazi tupu nke a, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa:
yum autoremove ovirt* qemu* virt* libvirt* libguestfs Ịmepụta ebe data ọhụrụ
Akwụkwọ ntụaka - Ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt.
Ka anyị buru ụzọ kọwaa ihe ọ bụ data center (M na-ehota site na enyemaka) bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya nke na-akọwapụta ihe eji eme ihe na gburugburu ebe obibi.
Ebe data bụ ụdị akpa nwere:
- akụrụngwa ezi uche dị n'ụdị ụyọkọ na ndị ọbịa
- akụrụngwa netwọkụ ụyọkọ n'ụdị netwọkụ ezi uche na ihe nkwụnye anụ ahụ na ndị ọbịa,
- akụrụngwa nchekwa (maka diski VM, ndebiri, onyonyo) n'ụdị ebe nchekwa (nchekwa ngalaba).
Ebe data nwere ike ịgụnye ọtụtụ ụyọkọ nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa nwere igwe mebere na-agba ọsọ na ha, ọ nwekwara ike ịnwe ọtụtụ ebe nchekwa jikọtara ya.
Enwere ike inwe ọtụtụ ebe data; ha na-arụ ọrụ n'adabereghị onwe ha. Ovirt nwere nkewa nke ikike site na ọrụ, ma ị nwere ike hazie ikike n'otu n'otu, ma n'ogo etiti data yana na ihe ezi uche dị na ya.
Ebe data, ma ọ bụ ebe data ma ọ bụrụ na enwere ọtụtụ n'ime ha, na-ejikwa otu njikwa njikwa ma ọ bụ ọnụ ụzọ.
Iji mepụta ebe data, gaa na portal nhazi wee mepụta ebe data ọhụrụ:
Gụnye >> data Centers >> New
Ebe anyị na-eji nchekwa ekekọrịtara na sistemu nchekwa, Ekwesịrị ikekọrịta Ụdị Nchekwa:
nseta ihuenyo nke Ọkachamara Okike Center Center
Mgbe ị na-etinye igwe mebere nke nwere injin a kwadoro, a na-emepụta ebe data site na ndabara - Ebe nchekwa data1, na mgbe ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ị nwere ike ịgbanwe ya Ụdị Nchekwa ọzọ.
Ịmepụta ebe data bụ ọrụ dị mfe, na-enweghị nuances ọ bụla dị aghụghọ, a na-akọwakwa ihe niile metụtara ya na akwụkwọ. Naanị ihe m ga-achọpụta bụ na otu ndị ọbịa nwere naanị nchekwa mpaghara (disk) maka VM agaghị enwe ike ịbanye na ebe data nwere Ụdị Nchekwa - Shared (enweghị ike ịgbakwunye ha n'ebe ahụ), na maka ha ịkwesịrị ịmepụta. ebe data dị iche - ya bụ. Onye ọ bụla ọbịa nwere nchekwa mpaghara chọrọ ebe data dị iche iche nke ya.
Ịmepụta ụyọkọ ọhụrụ
Njikọ na akwụkwọ - Ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt.
Enweghị nkọwa na-enweghị isi, ụyọkọ - nke a bụ nchịkọta ezi uche dị na ya nke ndị agha nwere ebe nchekwa nchekwa (n'ụdị nkekọrịta diski na usoro nchekwa, dị ka ọ dị na anyị). Ọ dịkwa mma ka ndị ọbịa nọ na ụyọkọ ahụ bụrụ otu na ngwaike ma nwee otu ụdị nhazi (Intel ma ọ bụ AMD). Ọ kachasị mma, n'ezie, na sava ndị dị na ụyọkọ ahụ bụ otu kpamkpam.
Ụyọkọ a bụ akụkụ nke ebe data (nwere ụdị nchekwa a kapịrị ọnụ - Obodo ma ọ bụ nnwekọrịta), na ndị ọbịa niile ga-abụrịrị nke ụfọdụ ụdị ụyọkọ, dabere ma ha ekekọrịtala nchekwa ma ọ bụ na ha ekekọrịtaghị.
Mgbe ị na-etinye igwe mebere nke nwere injin a kwadoro na onye ọbịa, a na-emepụta ebe data site na ndabara - Ebe nchekwa data1, yana ụyọkọ - Ụyọkọ1, na n'ọdịnihu ị nwere ike hazie paramita ya, mee ka nhọrọ ndị ọzọ, tinye ndị ọbịa na ya, wdg.
Dị ka ọ dị na mbụ, maka nkọwa gbasara ntọala ụyọkọ niile, ọ dị mma ịtu aka na akwụkwọ gọọmentị. N'ime ụfọdụ njirimara nke ịtọlite ụyọkọ, m ga-agbakwunye na mgbe ị na-emepụta ya, o zuru ezu ịhazi naanị ihe ndị bụ isi na taabụ. General.
M ga-arịba ama paramita kacha mkpa:
- Ordị nhazi - a na-ahọrọ dabere na nke processors arụnyere na ụyọkọ ụsụụ ndị agha, kedu emeputa ha si, na nke processor na ụsụụ ndị agha bụ ndị kasị ochie, nke mere na, dabere na nke a, niile dị processor ntụziaka na ụyọkọ na-eji.
- Dị mgba ọkụ - na ụyọkọ anyị naanị anyị na-eji akwa Linux, ọ bụ ya mere anyị ji ahọrọ ya.
- Ụdị firewall - ihe niile doro anya ebe a, nke a bụ firewalld, nke a ga-emerịrị ma hazie ya na ndị ọbịa.
Nseta ihuenyo nwere parampat ụyọkọ
Ịwụnye ndị ọbịa ọzọ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke onwe
maka akwụkwọ.
A na-agbakwunye ndị ọbịa ndị ọzọ maka gburugburu ebe obibi onwe onye n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka onye ọbịa oge niile, yana mgbakwunye mgbakwunye nke ibuga VM nwere injin akwadoro - Họrọ mmemme mbunye igwe akwadoro >> Debe. Ebe ọ bụ na a ga-enyerịrị onye ọbịa ahụ ya na LUN maka VM nwere injin a na-akwado ya, nke a pụtara na onye ọbịa a nwere ike, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, iji kwado VM nwere injin a kwadoro na ya.
Maka ebumnuche nnabata mmejọ, a na-atụ aro ka e nwee opekata mpe abụọ nke enwere ike itinye injin VM akwadoro na ya.
Na onye nnabata ọzọ, gbanyụọ iptables (ọ bụrụ na enyere ya aka), mee ka firewalld nwee ike
systemctl stop iptables
systemctl disable iptables
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalldWụnye ụdị KVM achọrọ (ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa):
yum-config-manager --disable mirror.centos.org_centos-7_7_virt_x86_64_libvirt-latest_
yum install centos-release-qemu-ev
yum update
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer libguestfs libguestfs-tools dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts virt-top libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl restart libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtd
virsh domcapabilities kvm | grep md-clearWụnye ebe nchekwa dị mkpa yana ihe nrụnye injin a kwadoro:
yum -y install http://resources.ovirt.org/pub/yum-repo/ovirt-release43.rpm
yum -y install epel-release
yum update
yum install screen ovirt-hosted-engine-setupỌzọ, gaa na console Mepee onye njikwa anya, tinye onye ọbịa ọhụrụ, ma mee ihe niile site na nzọụkwụ, dị ka edere ya .
N'ihi ya, mgbe agbakwunyere onye ọbịa ọzọ, anyị kwesịrị ịnweta ihe dị ka foto dị na njikwa njikwa, dị ka nseta ihuenyo.
Nseta ihuenyo nke portal nhazi - ndị ọbịa
Onye ọbịa nke injin VM na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a nwere okpueze ọla edo na ihe e dere “Na-agba ọsọ Engine VM kwadoro", onye ọbịa nke enwere ike ịmalite VM a ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa - ihe odide ahụ"Nwere ike na-agba ọsọ Engine Hosted VM".
N'ọnọdụ nke onye ọbịa ọdịda nke "Na-agba ọsọ Engine VM kwadoro", ọ ga-amalite na-akpaghị aka na onye ọbịa nke abụọ. Enwere ike ịkwaga VM a site na onye ọbịa nọ n'ọrụ gaa na ndị ọbịa nọrọ njikere maka mmezi ya.
Ịmepụta njikwa ike / fencing na ndị ọbịa oVirt
Njikọ akwụkwọ:
- Ịmepụta okpu uhie uhie 4.3 -> Ntụaka nka ->
- Ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt ->
Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere ike ịdị ka ịmechaala ịgbakwunye na ịhazi onye ọbịa, nke ahụ abụghị eziokwu kpamkpam.
Maka ọrụ nkịtị nke ndị ọbịa, yana iji chọpụta / dozie ọdịda na nke ọ bụla n'ime ha, achọrọ ntọala njikwa ike / fencing.
Ịgba ọsọ, ma ọ bụ fencing, bụ usoro ịwepụ nwa oge ma ọ bụ ndị ọbịa dara ada na ụyọkọ ahụ, nke na-amalitegharị ma ọ bụ ọrụ oVirt dị na ya ma ọ bụ onye ọbịa n'onwe ya.
Enyere nkọwa niile na nkọwapụta na paramita nke njikwa ike / fencing, dị ka ọ dị na mbụ, na akwụkwọ ahụ; M ga-enye naanị ọmụmaatụ otu esi ahazi oke a dị mkpa, dị ka etinyere na sava Dell R640 nwere iDRAC 9.
- Gaa na portal nchịkwa, pịa Gụnye >> Ndị ọbịa họrọ onye ọbịa.
- Anyị pịa Dezie.
- Pịa taabụ Njikwa Ike.
- Lelee igbe dị n'akụkụ nhọrọ ahụ Kwado njikwa ike.
- Lelee igbe dị n'akụkụ nhọrọ ahụ Ngwakọta Kdumpiji gbochie onye ọbịa ịbanye n'ụdị fencing mgbe ị na-edekọ mkpofu kernel.
Cheta.
Mgbe emechara ntinye Kdump na onye na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ, a ga-etinyerịrị ya dịka usoro dị na ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt -> -> Na-eweghachi ndị ọbịa.
- Nhọrọ, ị nwere ike ịlele igbe Gbanyụọ njikwa iwu njikwa ike, ma ọ bụrụ na anyị achọghị ka usoro nhazi usoro ụyọkọ ga-achịkwa njikwa ike ndị ọbịa.
- Pịa bọtịnụ (+) iji tinye ngwaọrụ njikwa ike ọhụrụ, windo ndezi ihe nnọchite ga-emeghe.
Maka iDRAC9, dejupụta ubi:- Address - adreesị iDRAC9
- Aha njirimara / Paswọdu - nbanye na paswọọdụ maka ịbanye n'ime iDRAC9, n'otu n'otu
- ụdị - Drak5
- akara Secure
- tinye nhọrọ ndị a: cmd_prompt=>,login_timeout=30
Nseta ihuenyo nwere parampat “Ike njikwa ike” na akụrụngwa nnabata
Ịmepụta ebe nchekwa ma ọ bụ ngalaba Nchekwa
Njikọ na akwụkwọ - Ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt, .
Ngalaba Nchekwa, ma ọ bụ ebe nchekwa, bụ ebe etiti maka ịchekwa diski igwe mebere, onyonyo nrụnye, ndebiri na ọnyà.
Enwere ike ijikọ mpaghara nchekwa na etiti data site na iji ụkpụrụ dị iche iche, ụyọkọ na sistemụ faịlụ netwọkụ.
oVirt nwere ụdị nchekwa atọ:
- Ngalaba Data - iji chekwaa data niile metụtara igwe mebere (disiki, ndebiri). Enweghị ike ịkekọrịta ngalaba data n'etiti etiti data dị iche iche.
- ngalaba ISO (ụdị ebe nchekwa ochie) - maka ịchekwa onyonyo nwụnye OS. Enwere ike ịkekọrịta ngalaba ISO n'etiti ebe data dị iche iche.
- Ngalaba mbupụ (ụdị ebe nchekwa ochie) - maka nchekwa nwa oge nke onyonyo kwagara n'etiti ebe data.
N'ọnọdụ anyị, ebe nchekwa nke nwere ụdị ngalaba Data na-eji Fiber Channel Protocol (FCP) jikọọ na LUNs na sistemụ nchekwa.
Site n'echiche nke oVirt, mgbe ị na-eji sistemụ nchekwa (FC ma ọ bụ iSCSI), diski ọ bụla mebere, foto ma ọ bụ ndebiri bụ diski ezi uche dị na ya.
A na-agbakọta ngwaọrụ ngọngọ n'otu nkeji (na ụyọkọ ụyọkọ) site na iji Group Volume wee kewaa site na iji LVM ka ọ bụrụ mpịakọta ezi uche dị na ya, nke a na-eji dị ka diski mebere maka VM.
Enwere ike ịhụ otu ndị a niile na ọtụtụ mpịakọta LVM na ụyọkọ ụyọkọ site na iji iwu wdg и lvs. Dị ka o kwesịrị ịdị, omume niile nwere diski dị otú ahụ kwesịrị ime naanị site na oVirt console, ewezuga n'ọnọdụ pụrụ iche.
diski mebere maka VM nwere ike ịbụ ụdị abụọ - QCOW2 ma ọ bụ RAW. Disk nwere ike ịbụ"mkpa"ma ọ bụ"oké"Snapshots na-mgbe kere dị ka"dị gịrịgịrị".
Ụzọ isi jikwaa ngalaba Nchekwa, ma ọ bụ ebe nchekwa na-enweta site na FC, bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya - maka diski mebere VM ọ bụla enwere olu ezi uche dị iche iche nke naanị otu onye ọbịa ga-ede. Maka njikọ FC, oVirt na-eji ihe dịka ụyọkọ LVM.
Enwere ike ịkwaga igwe mebere nke dị n'otu ebe nchekwa n'etiti ndị ọbịa nke otu ụyọkọ.
Dị ka anyị nwere ike ịhụ site na nkọwa ahụ, ụyọkọ na oVirt, dị ka ụyọkọ na VMware vSphere ma ọ bụ Hyper-V, pụtara otu ihe ahụ - ọ bụ nchịkọta ezi uche nke ndị agha, ọkacha mma na nhazi ngwaike, yana inwe nchekwa nchekwa maka mebere. igwe diski.
Ka anyị gaa n'ihu na ịmepụta ebe nchekwa maka data (VM disks), ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ya agaghị ebido ebe data.
Ka m chetara gị na LUN niile ewepụtara na ụyọkọ ụyọkọ na sistemụ nchekwa ga-ahụrịrị na ha site na iji iwu “multipath -ll".
Dị ka , gaa na portal gaa na nchekwa >> ngalaba -> Ngalaba ọhụrụ ma soro ntuziaka sitere na ngalaba "Ịtinye Nchekwa FCP".
Mgbe ịmalitechara ọkachamara, dejupụta mpaghara achọrọ:
- aha - tọọ ụyọkọ aha
- Ọrụ ngalaba — Data
- Typedị Nchekwa - Fiber Channel
- Onye ọbịa iji - họrọ onye ọbịa nke LUN anyị chọrọ dị na ya
N'ime ndepụta LUN, kaa akara nke anyị chọrọ, pịa tinye Ọzọkwa OK. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ịnwere ike ịhazigharị paramita ndị ọzọ nke ebe nchekwa site na ịpị Oke oke.
nseta ihuenyo nke ọkachamara maka ịgbakwunye "ngalaba nchekwa"
Dabere na nsonaazụ nke ọkachamara ahụ, anyị kwesịrị ịnata ebe nchekwa ọhụrụ, yana ebe data anyị kwesịrị ịkwaga na ọkwa. UP, ma ọ bụ ibido:
nseta ihuenyo nke ebe data na ebe nchekwa na ya:
Ịmepụta na ịhazi netwọk maka igwe mebere
Njikọ na akwụkwọ - Ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt,
Netwọk, ma ọ bụ netwọk, na-eje ozi maka otu netwọk ezi uche ejiri na akụrụngwa oVirt mebere.
Iji mekọrịta n'etiti ihe nkwụnye netwọkụ na igwe mebere na ihe nkwụnye anụ ahụ na onye ọbịa, a na-eji oghere ezi uche dị ka akwa Linux.
Iji jikọta na kewaa okporo ụzọ n'etiti netwọk, a na-ahazi VLAN na mgba ọkụ.
Mgbe ị na-eke netwọk ezi uche maka igwe mebere na oVirt, a ga-ekenye ya ihe njirimara kwekọrọ na nọmba VLAN na mgba ọkụ ka VM wee nwee ike ịkparịta ụka n'etiti onwe ha, ọbụlagodi na ha na-agba ọsọ na ọnụ dị iche iche nke ụyọkọ ahụ.
Ekwesịrị ime ntọala izizi nke ihe nkwụnye netwọkụ na ndị ọbịa maka ijikọ igwe mebere – ezi uche interface ahazi Ogbe1, mgbe ahụ, a ga-eme ntọala netwọkụ niile naanị site na portal nhazi oVirt.
Mgbe emechara VM nwere injin a haziri ahazi, na mgbakwunye na imepụta ebe data na ụyọkọ na akpaaka, e mekwara netwọk ezi uche na-akpaghị aka iji jikwaa ụyọkọ anyị - ovritmgmt, nke ejikọrọ VM a.
Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ịnwere ike ịlele ntọala netwọkụ ezi uche dị na ya ovritmgmt ma mezie ha, mana ị ga-akpachara anya ka ị ghara ịchịkwa akụrụngwa oVirt.
Ntọala netwọk ezi uche dị na ovritmgmt
Iji mepụta netwọk ezi uche ọhụrụ maka VM oge niile, na Portal nchịkwa gaa na Network >> netwọk >> New, na taabụ General tinye netwọk na VLAN ID achọrọ, ma lelee igbe dị n'akụkụ "Netwọk VM", nke a pụtara na enwere ike iji ya maka ọrụ VM.
Nseta ihuenyo nke netwọk ezi uche VLAN32 ọhụrụ
Na taabụ Ụyọkọ, anyị na-ejikọta netwọk a na ụyọkọ anyị Ụyọkọ1.
Mgbe nke a gasịrị, anyị na-aga Gụnye >> Ndị ọbịa, gaa na onye ọbịa ọ bụla n'aka nke ya, gaa na taabụ Njikọ netwọkụ, wee malite ọkachamara Tọọ netwọk ndị ọbịa, ijikọ ndị ọbịa nke netwọk ezi uche ọhụrụ.
Nseta ihuenyo nke ọkachamara "Setup host networks".
Onye na-ahụ maka oVirt ga-eme ntọala netwọkụ niile dị mkpa na onye ọbịa - mepụta VLAN na BRIDGE.
Faịlụ nhazi ihe atụ maka netwọkụ ọhụrụ na onye ọbịa:
cat ifcfg-bond1
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=bond1
BONDING_OPTS='mode=1 miimon=100'
MACADDR=00:50:56:82:57:52
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no
cat ifcfg-bond1.432
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=bond1.432
VLAN=yes
BRIDGE=ovirtvm-vlan432
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no
cat ifcfg-ovirtvm-vlan432
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=ovirtvm-vlan432
TYPE=Bridge
DELAY=0
STP=off
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=noKa m chetara gị nke ahụ ọzọ na ndị ọbịa ENWEGHỊ ISI jiri aka mepụta oghere netwọkụ tupu oge eruo ifcfg-bond1.432 и ifcfg-ovirtvm-vlan432.
Mgbe ịgbakwunye netwọk ezi uche na ịlele njikọ dị n'etiti onye ọbịa na injin VM kwadoro, enwere ike iji ya na igwe mebere.
Ịmepụta onyonyo nwụnye maka ibugharị igwe mebere
Njikọ na akwụkwọ - Ntuziaka nchịkwa oVirt, , ngalaba na-ebugo onyonyo gaa na ngalaba Nchekwa data.
Enweghị onyonyo nrụnye OS, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịwụnye igwe mebere, ọ bụ ezie na nke a abụghị nsogbu ma ọ bụrụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, etinyere na netwọkụ. nwere onyonyo emebere mbụ.
N'ọnọdụ anyị, nke a agaghị ekwe omume, yabụ ị ga-ebubata onyonyo a na oVirt n'onwe gị. Na mbụ, nke a chọrọ ịmepụta ngalaba ISO, mana na ụdị oVirt ọhụrụ a kwụsịrị ya, yabụ ị nwere ike bulite onyonyo ozugbo na ngalaba Nchekwa site na Portal nhazi.
Na portal nhazi gaa nchekwa >> diski >> Bulite >> Malite
Anyị na-agbakwunye ihe oyiyi OS anyị dị ka faịlụ ISO, dejupụta mpaghara niile dị n'ụdị, wee pịa bọtịnụ "Nwale njikọ".
nseta ihuenyo nke Ọkachamara ihe nrụnye onyogho
Ọ bụrụ na anyị enweta njehie dị ka nke a:
Unable to upload image to disk d6d8fd10-c1e0-4f2d-af15-90f8e636dadc due to a network error. Ensure that ovirt-imageio-proxy service is installed and configured and that ovirt-engine's CA certificate is registered as a trusted CA in the browser. The certificate can be fetched from https://ovirt.test.local/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA`
Mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị ịgbakwunye akwụkwọ oVirt na "Mkpọrọgwụ CAs tụkwasịrị obi"(Trusted Root CA) na ọdụ njikwa onye nchịkwa, site na ebe anyị na-agbalị ibudata onyonyo a.
Mgbe ịgbakwunye akwụkwọ na Trusted Root CA, pịa ọzọ "Nwale njikọ", kwesịrị:
Connection to ovirt-imageio-proxy was successful.Mgbe ịmechara mmemme nke ịgbakwunye asambodo ahụ, ị nwere ike ịnwale bulite onyonyo ISO na ngalaba Nchekwa ọzọ.
Na ụkpụrụ, ị nwere ike ịmepụta ngalaba nchekwa dị iche na ụdị data iji chekwaa ihe oyiyi na ndebiri iche na diski VM, ma ọ bụ ọbụna chekwaa ha na ngalaba Nchekwa maka engine a kwadoro, mana nke a bụ n'aka onye nchịkwa.
Nseta ihuenyo nwere onyonyo ISO na ngalaba nchekwa maka injin akwadoro
Mepụta igwe mebere
Njikọ akwụkwọ:
oVirt Virtual Machine Management Guide –>
Mgbe ejiri OS tinye ihe oyiyi nwụnye na oVirt, ị nwere ike ịga n'ihu na ịmepụta igwe mebere. Emeela ọtụtụ ọrụ, mana anyị abanyelarị n'ọkwa ikpeazụ, n'ihi nke a malitere - inweta akụrụngwa na-anabataghị mmejọ maka ịnabata igwe igwe mebere nke ukwuu. Ihe ndị a niile bụ n'efu - ọ nweghị otu penny ejiri zụta ikikere ngwanrọ ọ bụla.
Iji mepụta igwe mebere ya na CentOS 7, a ga-ebudata onyonyo nwụnye sitere na OS.
Anyị na-aga portal nhazi, gaa na Gụnye >> Ngwa Ngwaọrụ, wee malite ọkachamara okike VM. Dejupụta paramita na mpaghara niile wee pịa OK. Ihe niile dị nnọọ mfe ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbaso akwụkwọ.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, m ga-enye ntọala ntọala na mgbakwunye nke VM dị ukwuu, yana diski emepụtara, jikọọ na netwọkụ ahụ, yana booting site na onyonyo nwụnye:
nseta ihuenyo nwere ntọala VM dị ukwuu
Mgbe gị na ọkachamara rụchara ọrụ, mechie ya, malite VM ọhụrụ wee wụnye OS na ya.
Iji mee nke a, gaa na njikwa nke VM a site na portal nhazi:
Nseta ihuenyo nke ntọala portal nhazi maka ijikọ na console VM
Iji jikọọ na console VM, ị ga-ebu ụzọ hazie njikwa n'ime akụrụngwa nke igwe mebere.
Nseta ihuenyo nke ntọala VM, taabụ “Console”.
Iji jikọọ na console VM ị nwere ike iji, dịka ọmụmaatụ, .
Iji jikọọ na console VM ozugbo na windo ihe nchọgharị, ntọala njikọ site na njikwa kwesịrị ịdị ka ndị a:
Mgbe ị wụnye OS na VM, ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya ịwụnye onye ọbịa oVirt:
yum -y install epel-release
yum install -y ovirt-guest-agent-common
systemctl enable ovirt-guest-agent.service && systemctl restart ovirt-guest-agent.service
systemctl status ovirt-guest-agent.serviceYa mere, n'ihi omume anyị, VM emepụtara ga-adị nke ukwuu, ya bụ. Ọ bụrụ na ụyọkọ ọnụ nke ọ na-agba na-ada ada, oVirt ga-amalitegharị ya ozugbo na ọnụ nke abụọ. Enwere ike ịkwaga VM a n'etiti ndị ọbịa ụyọkọ maka mmezi ha ma ọ bụ ebumnuche ndị ọzọ.
nkwubi
Enwere m olileanya na isiokwu a jisiri ike kwupụta na oVirt bụ ngwá ọrụ nkịtị maka ijikwa akụrụngwa mebere, nke na-adịghị esiri ike ịkwanye - ihe bụ isi bụ ịgbaso iwu ụfọdụ na ihe achọrọ akọwapụtara ma n'isiokwu na akwụkwọ.
N'ihi nnukwu olu nke isiokwu ahụ, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịgụnye ọtụtụ ihe na ya, dị ka nzọụkwụ site na nkwụsị nke ndị ọkachamara dị iche iche na nkọwa zuru ezu na nseta ihuenyo niile, nkwubi okwu ogologo nke ụfọdụ iwu, wdg. N'ezie, nke a ga-achọ ịde akwụkwọ dum, nke na-enweghị uche dị ukwuu n'ihi ụdị ngwanrọ ọhụrụ na-apụta mgbe niile na ihe ọhụrụ na mgbanwe. Ihe kacha mkpa bụ ịghọta ụkpụrụ nke otú ọ niile na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ, na inweta a n'ozuzu algọridim maka ịmepụta a mmejọ-anabata ikpo okwu maka ijikwa mebere igwe.
Ọ bụ ezie na anyị ekepụtala akụrụngwa mebere, anyị kwesịrị ịkụziri ya ka ọ na-emekọrịta ihe n'etiti ihe ndị dị n'otu n'otu: ndị ọbịa, igwe mebere, netwọkụ dị n'ime, yana ya na ụwa dị n'èzí.
Usoro a bụ otu n'ime isi ọrụ nke sistemụ ma ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka netwọkụ, nke a ga-ekpuchi n'isiokwu na-esonụ - gbasara iji VyOS mebere routers na akụrụngwa na-anabata mmejọ nke ụlọ ọrụ anyị (dịka ị chere, ha ga-arụ ọrụ dị ka mebere. igwe na ụyọkọ oVirt anyị).
isi: www.habr.com