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Ọkwa nke ndị supercomputers kacha arụ ọrụ bụ ụyọkọ dabere na ARM CPUs

bipụtara Isi nke 55 ogo Kọmputa 500 kacha arụ ọrụ n'ụwa niile. Onye ndu ọhụrụ nwetara ọkwa June - ụyọkọ ndị Japan Fugaku, ama ama maka ojiji nke ARM processors.

Ụyọkọ Fugaku etinyere na Institute of Physical and Chemical Research IKdị ma na-enye arụmọrụ nke 415.5 petaflops, nke bụ 2.8 karịa onye isi nke ọkwa gara aga, bụ nke a na-agbanye n'ime ebe nke abụọ. Ụyọkọ ahụ gụnyere ọnụ ndị dabere na 158976 SoC Fujitsu A64FX, kwadoro ya na 48-core CPU Armv8.2-A SVE (512 bit SIMD) nwere oge elekere nke 2.2GHz. Na mkpokọta, ụyọkọ ahụ nwere ihe karịrị nde 7 cores processor (ugboro atọ karịa onye isi nke ọkwa gara aga), ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 5 PB nke RAM na 150 PB nke nchekwa nkekọrịta dabere na Luster FS. A na-eji Linux Red Hat Enterprise dị ka sistemụ arụmọrụ.

Ọkwa nke ndị supercomputers kacha arụ ọrụ bụ ụyọkọ dabere na ARM CPUs

Edebere ebe sitere na nke abụọ ruo nke ise maka ndị isi gara aga, bụ ndị were ọnọdụ mbụ ruo nke anọ na ọkwa Nọvemba:

  • Ebe nke abụọ - ụyọkọ Summit ebugara nke IBM na Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA). Ụyọkọ ahụ na-agba Red Hat Enterprise Linux na-agụnye 2.4 nde processor cores (iji 22-core IBM Power9 22C 3.07GHz CPUs na NVIDIA Tesla V100 accelerators), nke na-enye arụmọrụ nke 148 petaflops.
  • Ebe nke atọ - ụyọkọ America Sierra, arụnyere na Livermore National Laboratory site IBM na ndabere nke ikpo okwu yiri Summit na-egosi arụmọrụ na 94 petaflops (banyere 1.5 nde cores).
  • Ebe nke anọ - ụyọkọ ndị China Ọkụ Sunway Taihu, na-arụ ọrụ na National Supercomputing Center nke China, gụnyere ihe karịrị 10 nde computing cores na-egosi arụmọrụ nke 93 petaflops. N'agbanyeghị ihe ngosi arụmọrụ yiri nke ahụ, ụyọkọ Sierra na-eri ọkara ike dị ka Sunway TaihuLight.
  • Ebe nke ise - ụyọkọ ndị China Tianhe-2A, nke gụnyere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 5 nde cores ma gosipụta arụmọrụ nke 61 petaflops.

Ụyọkọ ọhụrụ weere ọnọdụ nke isii na nke asaa HPC5 (Italy, Dell EMC, 35 petaflops, 669 puku cores) na Selene (USA, 27 petaflops, 277 puku cores), nke nọchiri ụyọkọ America. Frontera (Dell EMC, 23 petaflops, 448 puku cores) ruo ebe asatọ. Ụyọkọ Ịtali ọhụrụ weere ọnọdụ nke itoolu Marconi-100 (IBM, 21.6 petaflops, 347 puku cores), na nke iri bụ ụyọkọ Switzerland. Pizza Daint (Cray/HPE, 21.2 petaflops, 387 puku cores), nke weere ọnọdụ 6th na ọkwa gara aga.

Usoro kachasị mma:

  • Ụyọkọ ụlọ SberCloud (6.6 petaflops, Ubuntu 18.04.01/2/8168, nke Sberbank wuru na NVIDIA DGX-24 n'elu ikpo okwu, na-eji Xeon Platinum 2.7 99600C 6GHz CPU ma nwee 29 computing cores) si na 36th gaa na 2th ebe na ọkwa na ọnwa 107. Ụyọkọ ụlọ ọzọ, Lomonosov 131, si na XNUMX gaa na XNUMX. ụyọkọ na Roshydromet, nke họọrọ 465th, chụpụrụ na ọkwa. Ya mere, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụyọkọ ụlọ na ọkwa karịrị ọnwa isii gbadara site na 3 ruo 2 (na 2017 enwere 5 na ọkwa. usoro ụlọ, na 2012 - 12);

  • Nkesa site na ọnụọgụ nke supercomputer na mba dị iche iche:
    • China: 226 (228 ọnwa isii gara aga). Na mkpokọta, ụyọkọ ndị China na-emepụta 45.2 nke mkpokọta arụpụtaghị (ọnwa isii gara aga - 31.9%);
    • USA: 114 (117). A na-eme atụmatụ mkpokọta nrụpụta na 22.8% (ọnwa isii gara aga - 37.8%);
    • Japan: 29 (29);
    • France: 19 (18);
    • Germany: 16 (16);
    • Netherlands: 15 (15);
    • Ireland: 14 (14);
    • Canada 12 (9);
    • UK: 10 (11);
    • Ịtali: 7 (5);
    • Brazil: 4 (3);
    • Singapore 4 (4);
    • South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Norway: 3;
    • Russia, India, Australia, UAE, Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, Taiwan: 2.
  • Na ogo nke sistemụ arụmọrụ ejiri na supercomputers, naanị Linux ka fọdụrụ afọ atọ;
  • Nkesa site na nkesa Linux (na braket - ọnwa isii gara aga):
    • 54.4% (49.6%) akọwaghị nkesa,
    • 24.6% (26.4%) na-eji CentOS,
    • 6.8% (6.8%) - Linux Cray,
    • 6% (4.8%) - RHEL,
    • 2.6% (3%) - SUSE,
    • 2.2% (2%) - Ubuntu;
    • 0.2% (0.4%) - Linux sayensị
  • Opekempe arụmọrụ kacha nta maka ịbanye Top500 na ọnwa 6 mụbara site na 1142 ruo 1230 teraflops (afọ gara aga, naanị ụyọkọ 272 gosipụtara arụmọrụ karịa petaflop, afọ abụọ gara aga - 138, afọ atọ gara aga - 94). Maka Top100, ọnụ ụzọ ntinye rịrị site na 2570 ruo 2801 teraflops;
  • Ngụkọta arụmọrụ nke sistemụ niile na ọkwa ahụ mụbara n'afọ site na 1.65 ruo 2.23 exaflops (afọ atọ gara aga ọ bụ 749 petaflops). Usoro nke na-emechi ogo dị ugbu a dị na 449th na mbipụta ikpeazụ, na 348th na afọ gara aga;
  • Nkesa izugbe nke ọnụọgụ supercomputer n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụwa bụ nke a:
    272 supercomputers dị na Asia (274 - ọnwa isii gara aga),
    126 na North America (129) na 96 na Europe (94), 4 na South America na 2 na Oceania (3);

  • Dị ka isi ihe nrụpụta, Intel CPUs nọ n'isi - 93.8% (ọnwa isii gara aga ọ bụ 94%), na ebe nke abụọ bụ IBM Power - 2.6% (site na 2.8%), ebe nke atọ bụ AMD - 2.2% (0.6% ), na ebe nke anọ bụ ARM (Marvell ThunderX2 na Fujitsu A64FX) - 0.8%, na SPARC64 nke ise - 0.2% (0.6%). Maka oge mbụ na ọkwa, e gosipụtara ụyọkọ nke dabeere na ARM processors, nke weere ọnọdụ mbụ ozugbo.
  • 37.4% (ọnwa 35.6 gara aga 20%) nke ndị nrụpụta ihe niile ejirila nwere cores 12.2, 13.8% (16%) - cores 10.6, 24% - cores XNUMX,
    10.4% (11%) - 18 cores, 9.8% (11.2%) - 12 cores, 7% (7.8%) - 14 cores;

  • 145 n'ime usoro 500 (ọnwa isii gara aga - 144) na-ejikwa ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụ coprocessors, ebe sistemụ 135 na-eji ibe NVIDIA (ọnwa isii gara aga enwere 135), 6 - Intel Xeon Phi (e nwere 5), 1 - PEZY (1) , 1 na-eji ngwọta ngwakọ (na mbụ 1), 1 na-eji Matrix-2000 (1), 1 GPU AMD Vega (1);
  • N'ime ndị na-emepụta ụyọkọ, Lenovo weere ọnọdụ mbụ - 36% (ọnwa isii gara aga 34.8%), na nke abụọ.
    Sugon 13.6% (14.2%), na ebe atọ Inspur - 12.8% (13.2%), ebe anọ bụ Hewlett-Packard - 7.6% (7%), sochiri Cray 7.2%, Atos - 5.2% (4.6%). , Fujitsu 2.6% (2.6%), IBM 2.4 (2.6%), Dell EMC 2% (2.2%), NVIDIA 1.4% (1.2%), Huawei 1.4% (2%),
    Mgbakọ Penguin - 1.2% (2.2%). Afọ atọ gara aga, nkesa n'etiti ndị na-emepụta bụ ndị a: Hewlett-Packard 28.6% (22.4%), nke abụọ bụ Lenovo 17% (18.4%), na nke atọ bụ Cray 11.4% (11.2%), na anọ ebe bụ Sugon 9.2% (9.4%), na ebe ise bụ IBM 5.4% (6.6%).

  • A na-eji Ethernet jikọọ ọnụ na 52.6% nke ụyọkọ (ọnwa isii gara aga 52%), InfiniBand - 30.4% (28%), Omnipath - 9.8% (10%). Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle ngụkọta arụmọrụ, mgbe ahụ, Ethernet dabeere na usoro na-ekpuchi 52.6% (29%) nke ngụkọta Top500 arụmọrụ, InfiniBand - 30.4% (40%), Omnipath - 9.8%.

N'otu oge ahụ, mwepụta ọhụrụ nke ọkwa usoro ụyọkọ ọzọ dị Eserese 500, lekwasịrị anya n'ịtụle arụmọrụ nke ikpo okwu supercomputer jikọtara ya na ịmegharị usoro anụ ahụ na ọrụ maka ịhazi nnukwu data nke a na-ahụkarị maka usoro dị otú ahụ. Ogo Agba akwụkwọ ndụ500 iche iche ọzọ enyeghị ya na merged na Top500, dị ka ike arụmọrụ dị ugbu a gosipụtara na isi Top500 ọkwa (a na-eburu n'uche nha nke LINPACK FLOPS na oriri ike na watts).

isi: opennet.ru

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