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Mwepụta kernel Linux 5.11

Mgbe ọnwa abụọ nke mmepe gasịrị, Linus Torvalds wepụtara ntọhapụ nke Linux kernel 5.11. N'ime mgbanwe ndị a ma ama: nkwado maka Intel SGX enclaves, usoro ọhụrụ maka igbochi oku sistemụ, ụgbọ ala inyeaka mebere, mmachibido iwu na-ezukọ modul na-enweghị MODULE_LICENSE (), ọnọdụ nzacha ngwa ngwa maka oku sistemu na sekọnd, nkwụsị nkwado maka ia64 architecture, ịnyefe teknụzụ WiMAX gaa na ngalaba "staging", ikike itinye SCTP na UDP.

Ụdị ọhụrụ ahụ gụnyere ndozi 15480 sitere na ndị mmepe 1991, nha patch bụ 72 MB (mgbanwe ndị ahụ metụtara faịlụ 12090, agbakwunyere ahịrị 868025 nke koodu, ehichapụ 261456 ahịrị). Ihe dị ka 46% nke mgbanwe niile ewepụtara na 5.11 metụtara ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala ngwaọrụ, ihe dị ka 16% nke mgbanwe metụtara imelite koodu akọwapụtara maka nhazi ngwaike, 13% metụtara nchịkọta netwọkụ, 3% metụtara sistemụ faịlụ, yana 4% metụtara sistemụ kernel dị n'ime.

Isi ihe ọhụrụ:

  • Sistemụ Disk, I/O na Sistemụ Faịlụ
    • Agbakwunyela ọtụtụ nhọrọ ịrị elu na Btrfs maka ojiji mgbe ị na-eweghachi data sitere na sistemụ faịlụ mebiri emebi: "nnapụta = ignorebadroots" maka ịrị elu, n'agbanyeghị mmebi nke ụfọdụ osisi mgbọrọgwụ (oke, uuid, mbugharị data, ngwaọrụ, csum, ohere efu), " nnapụta=ignoredatacsums” iji gbanyụọ nlele checksum maka data yana “nzọpụta = ihe niile” iji mee ka ụdịdị 'ignorebadroots', 'ignoredatacsums' na 'nologreplay' n'otu oge. Nhọrọ ugwu "inode_cache", nke ewepụrụ na mbụ, akwụsịla. Edobere koodu ahụ iji mejuputa nkwado maka blocks nwere metadata yana data pere mpe karịa nha ibe (PAGE_SIZE), yana nkwado maka ọnọdụ oke ohere mpaghara. Arịrịọ ndị anaghị akwụ ụgwọ (Direct IO) ebufela na akụrụngwa iomap. Arụpụtala arụmọrụ nke ọtụtụ ọrụ; n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, osooso nwere ike iru iri pasenti.
    • XFS na-emejuputa ọkọlọtọ "needsrepair", nke na-egosi mkpa ndozi. Mgbe edobere ọkọlọtọ a, enweghị ike ịwụnye sistemu faịlụ ahụ ruo mgbe ọrụ xfs_repair rụgharịrị ọkọlọtọ.
    • Ext4 na-enye naanị ndozi mperi yana nkwalite yana mkpochapụ koodu.
    • A na-anabatakwa mbupụ nke sistemụ faịlụ etinyegoro n'elu NFS (ya bụ, enwere ike ibupụ nkebi etinyere site na NFS ugbu a site na NFS wee jiri ya dị ka cache etiti).
    • Oku sistemu nso_range() nke na-enye ohere ka usoro mechie ụdị nkọwa faịlụ mepere emepe n'otu oge, agbakwunyela nhọrọ CLOSE_RANGE_CLOEXEC iji mechie ndị nkọwa na ọnọdụ nso-exec.
    • Sistemụ faịlụ F2FS na-agbakwunye oku ioctl() ọhụrụ iji kwe ka onye ọrụ-oghere njikwa nke faịlụ echekwara n'ụdị mkpakọ. Agbakwunyere "compress_mode=" nhọrọ ugwu ịhọrọ ma ị ga-etinye onye na-ahụ maka mkpakọ n'akụkụ kernel ma ọ bụ na oghere onye ọrụ.
    • Enyere ikike ịkwanye overlayfs site na usoro enweghị ohere site na iji oghere aha njirimara dị iche. Iji chọpụta nrube isi na mmejuputa ihe nlere nchekwa, emere nyocha koodu zuru oke. Overlayfs na-agbakwụnyekwa ikike iji nnomi nke sistemụ faịlụ na-agba ọsọ site na gbanyụọ UUID nlele.
    • Sistemụ faịlụ Ceph agbakwunyela nkwado maka protocol msgr2.1, nke na-enye ohere iji AES-GCM algọridim mgbe ị na-ebufe data n'ụdị ezoro ezo.
    • Modul dm-multipath na-arụ ọrụ ike iburu n'uche mmekọrịta CPU ("IO affinity") mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ụzọ maka arịrịọ I/O.
  • Ebe nchekwa na ọrụ sistemụ
    • Agbakwunyela usoro nnabata oku sistemụ ọhụrụ, dabere na prctl(), nke na-enye gị ohere iwepụta ihe dị iche na oghere onye ọrụ mgbe ị na-enweta otu oku sistemụ ma ṅomie ogbugbu ya. Achọrọ ọrụ a na Wine na Proton iji ṅomie oku sistemụ Windows, nke dị mkpa iji hụ na ndakọrịta na egwuregwu na mmemme na-eme oku sistemu na-agafe Windows API (dịka ọmụmaatụ, iji chebe megide ojiji na-akwadoghị).
    • Oku sistemu userfaultfd() nke emebere ka ijikwa mmejọ ibe (ịnweta ibe ebe nchekwa anaghị ekenye) na oghere onye ọrụ, ugbu a nwere ikike iji gbanyụọ njikwa ewepu na-eme na ọkwa kernel iji mee ka ọ sie ike iji ụfọdụ adịghị ike.
    • Usoro nke BPF agbakwunyela nkwado maka nchekwa ọrụ-mpaghara, nke na-enye njikọ data na onye na-ahụ maka BPF.
    • Emezigharịrị ndekọ nke oriri ebe nchekwa site na mmemme BPF kpamkpam - echerela otu onye njikwa otu kama memlock rlimit iji jikwaa iji ebe nchekwa na ihe BPF.
    • Usoro BTF (BPF Ụdị Ụdị), nke na-enye ozi nlele ụdị na BPF pseudocode, na-enye nkwado maka modul kernel.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka nkwụsị (), renameat2() na unlinkat() usoro oku na-aga na io_uring asynchronous I/O interface. Mgbe ị na-akpọ io_uring_enter(), agbakwunyela ikike ịkọwa oge nkwụsị (ị nwere ike ịlele nkwado nke arụmụka maka ịkọwa oge nkwụsị site na iji ọkọlọtọ IORING_FEAT_EXT_ARG).
    • Ebugharịla ia64 architecture eji na Intel Itanium processors gaa na ngalaba ụmụ mgbei, nke pụtara nnwale akwụsịla. Ụlọ ọrụ Hewlett Packard kwụsịrị ịnakwere iwu maka ngwa Itanium ọhụrụ, na Intel mere otú ahụ n'afọ gara aga.
    • Nkwado maka sistemụ dabere na ihe owuwu MicroBlaze na-agụnyeghị ngalaba njikwa ebe nchekwa (MMU) akwụsịla. A hụbeghị usoro ndị dị otú ahụ na ndụ kwa ụbọchị ruo ogologo oge.
    • Maka ihe owuwu MIPS, agbakwunyela nkwado maka ule mkpuchi koodu site na iji gcov utility.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka ụgbọ ala inyeaka mebere maka imekọrịta na ngwaọrụ multifunction na-ejikọta ọrụ na-achọ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala dị iche iche (dịka ọmụmaatụ, kaadị netwọk nwere nkwado Ethernet na RDMA). Enwere ike iji ụgbọ ala ahụ kenye onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala nke mbụ na nke abụọ na ngwaọrụ, n'ọnọdụ ebe iji sistemụ MFD (Ngwaọrụ Multi-Function) nwere nsogbu.
    • Maka ihe owuwu RISC-V, agbakwunyere nkwado maka sistemụ nchekwa ebe nchekwa CMA (Contiguous Memory Allocator), nke kachasị maka ikenye nnukwu ebe nchekwa na-aga n'ihu site na iji usoro mmegharị ibe ebe nchekwa. Maka RISC-V, a na-etinyekwa ngwaọrụ iji gbochie ohere / dev/mem ma buru n'uche oge nhazi oge nkwụsịtụ.
    • Maka sistemu ARM 32-bit, agbakwunyela nkwado maka ngwa nbipu KASan (Kernel address sanitizer), nke na-enyere aka ịchọpụta njehie mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ na ebe nchekwa. Maka 64-bit ARM, a gbanwere mmejuputa KASan ka ọ jiri mkpado MTE (MemTag).
    • Oku sistemu agbakwunyere epoll_pwait2() iji kwe ka oge kwụsị ya na nkenke nanosecond (oku epoll_wait na-emegharị milliseconds).
    • Sistemụ ihe owuwu a na-egosiputa mperi mgbe ị na-achọ iwu modul kernel nke anaghị akọwapụta ikike koodu na iji MODULE_LICENSE() nnukwu. Site ugbu a gaa n'ihu, iji macro EXPORT_SYMBOL() maka ọrụ static ga-ebutekwa mperi ihe nrụpụta.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka eserese GEM ihe site na ebe nchekwa ejiri maka I/O, nke mere ka o kwe omume iji ngwa ngwa na framebuffer na ụfọdụ architectures.
    • Kconfig agbadala nkwado maka Qt4 (mgbe ọ na-akwado nkwado maka Qt5, GTK na Ncurses).
  • Virtualization na Nchekwa
    • agbakwunyere nkwado maka ọnọdụ nzaghachi ngwa ngwa na oku sistemụ seccomp (), nke na-enye gị ohere ikpebi ngwa ngwa ma anabatara ma ọ bụ machibidoro ụfọdụ oku usoro dabere na bitmap na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile na usoro ahụ, nke na-adịghị achọ ịgba ọsọ. onye na-ahụ maka BPF.
    • Ngwakọta kernel jikọtara ọnụ maka imepụta na ijikwa enclaves dabere na teknụzụ Intel SGX (Software Guard eXtensions), nke na-enye ohere ka ngwa mebie koodu na ebe nchekwa ezoro ezo, nke sistemụ ndị ọzọ nwere oke ohere.
    • Dị ka akụkụ nke atụmatụ ịmachi ohere site na ohere onye ọrụ gaa na MSR (ndebanye aha kpọmkwem ihe nlereanya), na-edebanye aha na ndebanye aha MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, nke na-enye gị ohere ịgbanwe usoro nrụpụta ike ike ("nkịtị", "arụmọrụ", "powersave"). , amachibidoro.
    • Ikike iji gbanyụọ mbugharị nke ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'etiti CPU ka ebulila ya na ngalaba kernel-rt maka sistemu oge.
    • Maka sistemu ARM64, agbakwunyela ikike iji mkpado MTE (MemTag, Mgbatị mkpado ebe nchekwa) maka adreesị ebe nchekwa ihe njikwa mgbaàmà. A na-akwado iji MTE site na ịkọwapụta SA_EXPOSE_TAGBITS nhọrọ na sigaction() ma na-enye gị ohere ịlele nke ọma ojiji nke pointers iji gbochie nrigbu nke adịghị ike kpatara site na ịnweta ebe nchekwa ihe ndị a tọhapụrụ ahapụla, oke njupụta, nweta tupu mmalite, ma jiri ya mee ihe n'èzí. ọnọdụ dị ugbu a.
    • Agbakwunyere paramita "DM_VERITY_VERIFY_ROOTHASH_SIG_SECONDARY_KEYRING", nke na-enye ohere subsystem dm-verity ịlele mbinye aka hash nke asambodo etinyere na igodo nke abụọ. Na omume, ntọlite ​​​​na-enye gị ohere ịchọpụta ọ bụghị naanị asambodo arụnyere n'ime kernel, kamakwa asambodo ndị etinyere n'oge arụ ọrụ, nke na-eme ka enwere ike imelite asambodo na-enweghị imelite kernel dum.
    • Ụdị onye ọrụ Linux agbakwunyela nkwado maka ọnọdụ nkwusioru-na-abaghị uru, nke na-enye gị ohere ifriizi gburugburu ebe obibi wee jiri akara SIGUSR1 iji teta n'ụra.
    • Usoro virtio-mem, nke na-enye gị ohere ikpo ọkụ ma wepụ ebe nchekwa na igwe mebere, agbakwunyela nkwado maka Big Block Mode (BBM), nke na-eme ka o kwe omume ịnyefe ma ọ bụ buru ebe nchekwa na ngọngọ buru ibu karịa ebe nchekwa kernel. ngọngọ, nke dị mkpa iji bulie VFIO na QEMU.
    • Nkwado maka CACHA20-POLY1305 cipher agbakwunyere na mmejuputa kernel nke TLS.
  • Sistemụ netwọkụ
    • Maka 802.1Q (VLAN), emejuputala usoro njikwa ọdịda njikọ (CFM, Njikwa Mmejọ Njikọ), nke na-enye gị ohere ịchọpụta, nyochaa na ikewapụ ọdịda na netwọk nwere àkwà mmiri mebere (Virtual Bridged Networks). Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji CFM kewapụ nsogbu na netwọkụ na-agbasa ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ nọọrọ onwe ha nke ndị ọrụ ha nwere naanị ịnweta akụrụngwa nke ha.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka encapsulating ngwugwu protocol SCTP na ngwugwu UDP (RFC 6951), nke na-enye gị ohere iji SCTP na netwọkụ nwere ndị ntụgharị adreesị ochie na-akwadoghị SCTP ozugbo, yana mejuputa SCTP na sistemụ na-enyeghị ohere ịnweta IP ozugbo. oyi akwa.
    • A kwagawo mmejuputa teknụzụ WiMAX na nhazi ma debe ya maka iwepụ n'ọdịnihu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nweghị ndị ọrụ chọrọ WiMAX. A naghị eji WiMAX eme ihe na netwọkụ ọha, na kernel naanị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala enwere ike iji WiMAX bụ ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Intel 2400m emechiela. Akwụsịrị nkwado WiMAX na nhazi netwọkụ NetworkManager na 2015. Ugbu a, WiMax fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ teknụzụ dị ka LTE, HSPA+ na Wi-Fi 802.11n dochie ya kpamkpam.
    • Emeela ọrụ iji kwalite arụmọrụ nke nhazi okporo ụzọ TCP na-abata na ọnọdụ efu, ya bụ. na-enweghị nnomi ọzọ na nchekwa ọhụrụ. Maka okporo ụzọ nwere ọkara, ikpuchi iri iri ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ narị kilobytes nke data, iji zerocopy kama recvmsg() dị irè karịa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbanwe ndị etinyere na ya mere ka o kwe omume ịbawanye arụmọrụ nke nhazi okporo ụzọ ụdị RPC na ozi 32 KB mgbe ị na-eji zerocopy site na 60-70%.
    • Oku ioctl() ọhụrụ agbakwunyere iji mepụta àkwà mmiri netwọk na-agafe ọtụtụ njikọ PPP. Ikike a tụrụ aro na-enye ohere ka okpokolo agba si n'otu ọwa gaa na nke ọzọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ site na PPPoE gaa na nnọkọ PPPoL2TP.
    • Ntinye n'ime isi nke MPTCP (MultiPath TCP), ndọtị nke usoro TCP maka ịhazi ọrụ nke njikọ TCP na nnyefe nke ngwugwu n'otu oge n'ọtụtụ ụzọ site na ntanetị netwọk dị iche iche jikọtara ya na adreesị IP dị iche iche. Mwepụta ọhụrụ a na-ewebata nkwado maka nhọrọ ADD_ADDR iji kpọsaa adreesị IP dịnụ nke enwere ike ijikọ na mgbe ị na-agbakwunye mmiri ọhụrụ na njikọ MPTCP dị adị.
    • Agbakwunyere ikike ịhazi ihe omume mgbe mmefu ego ntuli aka njikọ gafere (ịme ntuli aka na-arụ ọrụ). Ụdị SO_BUSY_POLL dị na mbụ pụtara ịgbanwe gaa na softirq mgbe mmefu ego gwụrụ. Maka ngwa ndị kwesịrị ịga n'ihu na-eji ntuli aka, a na-atụpụta nhọrọ ọhụrụ SO_PREFER_BUSY_POLL.
    • IPV6 na-arụ ọrụ nkwado maka ụdị SRv6 End.DT4 na End.DT6, eji mepụta ọtụtụ IPv4 L3 VPN na ngwaọrụ VRF (Virtual routing and forwarding).
    • Netfilter jikọtara mmejuputa atumatu nke okwu atọrọ, nke mere ka o kwe omume ịkọwapụta ọtụtụ okwu maka mmewere nke ọ bụla nke ndepụta atọrọ.
    • Agbakwunyela API na ngwugwu ikuku 802.11 iji hazie oke ike SAR, yana paramita AE PWE na HE MCS. Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Intel iwlwifi agbakwunyela nkwado maka oke 6GHz (Ultra High Band). Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Qualcomm Ath11k agbakwunyela nkwado maka FILS (Fast Initial Link Setup, ahaziri dị ka IEEE 802.11ai) teknụzụ, nke na-enye gị ohere iwepu oge igbu oge n'oge njem site n'otu ebe gaa na nke ọzọ.
  • Ngwa
    • Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala amdgpu na-enye nkwado maka AMD "Green Sardine" APU (Ryzen 5000) na "Dimgrey Cavefish" GPU (Navi 2), yana nkwado mbụ maka AMD Van Gogh APU na Zen 2 core na RDNA 2 GPU (Navi 2). Nkwado agbakwunyere maka njirimara Renoir APU ọhụrụ (dabere na Zen 2 CPU na Vega GPU).
    • Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala i915 maka kaadị vidiyo Intel na-akwado teknụzụ IS (Integer scaling) na mmejuputa nzacha maka ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ na-eburu n'uche ọnọdụ nke pikselụ agbataobi (Nsogbu-agbata obi interpolation) iji chọpụta agba nke pikselụ efu. A gbasaa nkwado maka kaadị Intel DG1 pụrụ iche. E tinyela nkwado maka teknụzụ "Big Joiner", nke dị kemgbe Ice Lake / Gen11 ibe ma na-enye ohere iji otu transcoder hazie iyi abụọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka mmepụta na ihuenyo 8K site na otu DisplayPort. Agbakwunyere ọnọdụ maka ịgbanye n'otu n'otu n'etiti ihe nchekwa abụọ na ebe nchekwa vidiyo (async flip).
    • Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala nouveau agbakwunyela nkwado mbụ maka NVIDIA GPU dabere na Ampere microarchitecture (GA100, GeForce RTX 30xx), ka ọ bụ naanị ngwaọrụ maka ịchịkwa ụdị vidiyo.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka protocol 3WIRE ejiri na panel LCD. Nkwado agbakwunyere maka novatek nt36672a, TDO tl070wsh30, Innolux N125HCE-GN1 na ABT Y030XX067A 3.0 panels. Iche iche, anyị nwere ike ịhụ nkwado maka panel nke OnePlus 6 na 6T smartphones, nke mere ka o kwe omume ịhazi ntinye nke kernel na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na ngwaọrụ.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka Intel's first discrete USB4 host controller, Maple Ridge.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka Allwinner H6 I2S, Ngwaọrụ Analog ADAU1372, Intel Alderlake-S, GMediatek MT8192, NXP i.MX HDMI na XCVR, Realtek RT715 na Qualcomm SM8250 codecs audio.
    • Nkwado agbakwunyere maka bọọdụ ARM, ngwaọrụ na nyiwe: Galaxy Note 10.1, Microsoft Lumia 950 XL, NanoPi R1, FriendlyArm ZeroPi, Elimo Initium SBC, Broadcom BCM4908, Mediatek MT8192/MT6779/MT8167, MStar Infinity2Mve 730PC382Mll Mikrotik dabere na Marvell Prestera 98DX3236, sava nwere Nuvoton NPCM750 BMC, Kontron i.MX8M Mini, Espressobin Ultra, “Trogdor” Chromebook, Kobol Helios64, Engicam PX30.Core.
    • Nkwado etinyere maka njikwa egwuregwu Ouya dabere na NVIDIA Tegra 3.

N'otu oge ahụ, Latin American Free Software Foundation guzobere ụdị nke kernel 5.11 n'efu kpamkpam - Linux-libre 5.11-gnu, kpochapụrụ ihe nke ngwa ngwa na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala nwere ihe na-enweghị ihe ma ọ bụ ngalaba koodu, nke oke ya nwere oke. site emeputa. Ntọhapụ ọhụrụ a na-ehichapụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala maka qat_4xxx (crypto), lt9611uxcm (dsi / hdmi bridge), ccs/smia ++ (sensor), ath11k_pci, nxp audio transceiver na mhi pci controller. Koodu nhicha blob emelitere na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na sistemu amdgpu, btqca, btrtl, btusb, i915 csr. Agbanyụrụ blobs ọhụrụ na m3 rproc, elekere idt82p33 ptp na qualcomm arm64.

isi: opennet.ru

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