Nell'immagine, il kernel Linux ti invia i saluti tramite GPIO.
In questa parte della storia del porting del RISC-V RocketChip su una scheda cinese con Cyclone IV, eseguiremo ancora Linux e impareremo anche come configurare noi stessi il controller di memoria IP Core e modificare leggermente la descrizione DTS dell'apparecchiatura. Questo articolo è una continuazione , ma, a differenza del precedente precedente, sarà piuttosto breve.
… Perché il setup_smp chiamato solo se il kernel è configurato con il supporto SMP, puoi provare a disabilitare il multi-core. Sarebbe spiacevole se avessi bisogno di implementare anche il supporto dell'atomicità nel modulo di memoria (mi è sembrato che la cache armeggiasse da sola con questo), ma nel caso single-core non dovrebbe interferire con noi.
Ancora non è decollato...
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 Thu Jul 4 18:38:10 MSK 2019
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (16777216 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] Unable to find "cpu" devicetree entry
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 258055
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: debug console=ttySIF0,125200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 loglevel=7 rootwait
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper pfn:80bf7
[ 0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029e08 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x1
[ 0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000100 0000000000000200 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[ 0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[ 0.000000] Call Trace:
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000094bb0>] free_pcppages_bulk+0x106/0x36c
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000957be>] free_unref_page_commit.isra.23+0x86/0x8e
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960bc>] free_unref_page+0x44/0x58
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960de>] __free_pages.part.28+0xe/0x22
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[ 0.000000] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
[ 0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper pfn:80bf9
[ 0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029e78 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[ 0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f020080 ffffffe03f020080 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[ 0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G B 4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[ 0.000000] Call Trace:
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000955c6>] __free_pages_ok+0x3fe/0x430
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960ea>] __free_pages.part.28+0x1a/0x22
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[ 0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper pfn:80bfa
[ 0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029eb0 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[ 0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f0200b8 ffffffe03f0200b8 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[ 0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G B 4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[ 0.000000] Call Trace:
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000955c6>] __free_pages_ok+0x3fe/0x430
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960ea>] __free_pages.part.28+0x1a/0x22
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[ 0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper pfn:80bfb
[ 0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029ee8 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[ 0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f0200f0 ffffffe03f0200f0 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
[ 0.000000] page dumped because: nonzero mapcount
[ 0.000000] Modules linked in:
[ 0.000000] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Tainted: G B 4.19.0-sifive-1+ #1
[ 0.000000] Call Trace:
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002cfde>] walk_stackframe+0x0/0xa0
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00002d1da>] show_stack+0x2a/0x34
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00063c898>] chachachllachachachTradeonachachach_inachachipachachachachllachachachTradeonachachachdevachachachypachachachllachachachTradeona+0x20/0x28
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe00009499c>] bad_page+0xe4/0x102
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000949f2>] free_pages_check_bad+0x38/0x7a
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000955c6>] __free_pages_ok+0x3fe/0x430
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000960ea>] __free_pages.part.28+0x1a/0x22
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000056da>] __free_pages_bootmem+0x86/0x90
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000007c46>] free_all_bootmem+0x156/0x1ba
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000023f8>] mem_init+0x36/0x44
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe0000007a0>] start_kernel+0x1aa/0x328
[ 0.000000] [<ffffffe000000058>] _sinittext+0x58/0x5c
[ 0.000000] BUG: Bad page state in process swapper pfn:80bfc
[ 0.000000] page:ffffffe03f029f20 count:0 mapcount:-65280 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
[ 0.000000] flags: 0x0()
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 ffffffe03f020028 ffffffe03f020028 0000000000000000
[ 0.000000] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffff00ff
...È interessante che dopo tutto il debugging ho deciso di vedere come dovrebbe apparire l'output "di riferimento" del kernel, ha detto make qemue ho riscontrato un errore simile.
Purtroppo, il livello successivo (kernel Linux) è più complicato: GDB, connesso tramite JTAG al RocketChip, apparentemente funziona con indirizzi fisici indipendentemente da come è configurata la MMU, e il kernel che al momento ci interessa ha già configurato il display di indirizzi, quindi è facile dirlo display/10i $pc non funzionerà: vedremo solo molto unimp. Ma se abbiamo già calcolato l'offset (sembra che 0x80200000 -> 0xffffffe000000000), quindi puoi imbrogliare:
1: x/10i $pc
=> 0xffffffe000002436 <setup_smp>: unimp
0xffffffe000002438 <setup_smp+2>: unimp
0xffffffe00000243a <setup_smp+4>: unimp
0xffffffe00000243c <setup_smp+6>: unimp
0xffffffe00000243e <setup_smp+8>: unimp
0xffffffe000002440 <setup_smp+10>: unimp
0xffffffe000002442 <setup_smp+12>: unimp
0xffffffe000002444 <setup_smp+14>: unimp
0xffffffe000002446 <setup_smp+16>: unimp
0xffffffe000002448 <setup_smp+18>: unimp
(gdb) undisplay 1
(gdb) display/10i ($pc - 0xffffffe000002436 + 0x80202436)
2: x/10i ($pc - 0xffffffe000002436 + 0x80202436)
0x80202436: addi sp,sp,-96
0x80202438: sd s0,80(sp)
0x8020243a: sd s1,72(sp)
0x8020243c: sd s2,64(sp)
0x8020243e: sd s3,56(sp)
0x80202440: sd s4,48(sp)
0x80202442: sd s5,40(sp)
0x80202444: sd s6,32(sp)
0x80202446: sd s7,24(sp)
0x80202448: sd s8,16(sp)I punti di interruzione vengono impostati allo stesso modo:
(gdb) p setup_smp
$1 = {<text variable, no debug info>} 0xffffffe000002436 <setup_smp>
(gdb) b *0x80202436
Breakpoint 1 at 0x80202436
(gdb) c
Continuing.
Program received signal SIGTRAP, Trace/breakpoint trap.
setup_smp () at /home/trosinenko/freedom-u-sdk/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/smpboot.c:58
58 while ((dn = of_find_node_by_type(dn, "cpu"))) {
(gdb) bt
#0 setup_smp () at /home/trosinenko/freedom-u-sdk/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/smpboot.c:58
#1 0xffffffe0000022a2 in setup_arch () at /home/trosinenko/freedom-u-sdk/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c:253
#2 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
Backtrace stopped: frame did not save the PCMa devi rimuoverli manualmente per andare avanti: per GDB questa è una sorta di trappola del tutto incomprensibile. Oh sì, se ti capita di dirlo s o n invece di si, gdb proverà ad inserire un breakpoint implicito, che per ovvi motivi non verrà impostato, ma non c'è modo di dissuadere GDB. Ma non affrettarti a riavviare la scheda: secondo le mie osservazioni, è sufficiente riavviare solo gdb (nota che i vecchi punti di interruzione potrebbero non scomparire).
In realtà dovrai affrontare il problema originale: il posizionamento del debug printk in una funzione of_find_node_by_type, utilizzato dal codice di ricerca del kernel del processore di avvio, mostra che vede qualche tipo di spazzatura invece dei nomi dei tipi di dispositivo. Ad esempio, prende da qualche parte la riga "Porta seriale", anche se chiaramente non è nel campo dtb device_type. Dopo aver cercato questi byte nell'immagine del kernel, li ho trovati, ho guardato l'offset e ho capito l'ovvio: la dimensione del kernel nei parametri di avvio è chiaramente sottostimata: gli vengono assegnati 8 Mb, ma ne occupa più di dieci. Ho assegnato 16 Mb, ma la stranezza non si è fermata. Dopo aver ballato con la lettura di FDT da indirizzi diversi (normalmente l'indirizzo viene trasferito al kernel nel registro a1), alla fine ho deciso di rintracciare, ma cosa ora è analizzato lì. Fortunatamente, invece di andare in giro con un debugger (e ricordiamo che ci sono sfumature con la traduzione degli indirizzi che devono ancora essere risolte in un modo o nell'altro), puoi semplicemente inserire il file con la stampella drivers/of/fdt.c specificare #define pr_debug printk. Il risultato è stato:
aggiungendo l'output di debug
diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
index 3db0d71d128b..fac47df9d1db 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(void)
void __init parse_dtb(unsigned int hartid, void *dtb)
{
+ printk("HART = %u DTB = %lxn", hartid, dtb);
early_init_dt_scan(__va(dtb));
}
diff --git a/drivers/of/base.c b/drivers/of/base.c
index 74eaedd5b860..c019e4158e1d 100644
--- a/drivers/of/base.c
+++ b/drivers/of/base.c
@@ -940,10 +940,12 @@ struct device_node *of_find_node_by_type(struct device_node *from,
unsigned long flags;
raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&devtree_lock, flags);
- for_each_of_allnodes_from(from, np)
+ for_each_of_allnodes_from(from, np) {
+ printk("%lx %lx [%s] | [%s]n", from, np, np->type, type);
if (np->type && (of_node_cmp(np->type, type) == 0)
&& of_node_get(np))
break;
+ }
of_node_put(from);
raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&devtree_lock, flags);
return np;
diff --git a/drivers/of/fdt.c b/drivers/of/fdt.c
index 800ad252cf9c..2b45870ebada 100644
--- a/drivers/of/fdt.c
+++ b/drivers/of/fdt.c
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
#include "of_private.h"
+#define pr_debug printk
+
/*
* of_fdt_limit_memory - limit the number of regions in the /memory node
* @limit: maximum entries
@@ -1253,6 +1255,7 @@ bool __init early_init_dt_scan(void *params)
*/
void __init unflatten_device_tree(void)
{
+ printk("INITIAL: %lxn", initial_boot_params);
__unflatten_device_tree(initial_boot_params, NULL, &of_root,
early_init_dt_alloc_memory_arch, false);Uscita sull'hardware
SIFIVE, INC.
5555555555555555555555555
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5555 555555555555555555555555
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55555 555555555 55555
55555 55555 55555
55555 5 55555
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55555 55555
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55555
5
SiFive RISC-V Core IP
{
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000001>;
compatible = "freechips,rocketchip-unknown-dev";
model = "freechips,rocketchip-unknown";
chosen {
linux,initrd-start = <0x82000000>;
riscv,kernel-end = <0x81200000>;
riscv,kernel-start = <0x80200000>;
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000000>;
bootargs = <0x64656275 0x6720636f 0x6e736f6c 0x653d7474 0x79534946 0x302c3132 0x35323030 0x20726f6f 0x743d2f64 0x65762f6d 0x6d63626c 0x6b307032 0x206c6f67 0x6c657665 0x6c3d3720 0x726f6f74 0x77616974>;
}
firmware {
sifive,uboot = "YYYY-MM-DD";
}
aliases {
serial0 = <0x2f736f63 0x2f736572 0x69616c40 0x36343030 0x30303030>;
}
cpus {
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000000>;
cpu@0 {
device_type = "cpu";
clock-frequency = <0x00000000>;
compatible = "sifive,rocket0", "riscv";
d-cache-block-size = <0x00000010>;
d-cache-sets = <0x00000040>;
d-cache-size = <0x00001000>;
d-tlb-sets = <0x00000001>;
d-tlb-size = <0x00000020>;
i-cache-block-size = <0x00000010>;
i-cache-sets = <0x00000040>;
i-cache-size = <0x00001000>;
i-tlb-sets = <0x00000001>;
i-tlb-size = <0x00000020>;
mmu-type = "riscv,sv39";
next-level-cache = <0x00000001>;
reg = <0x00000000>;
riscv,isa = "rv64imafdc";
status = "okay";
timebase-frequency = <0x000f4240>;
tlb-split;
interrupt-controller {
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
compatible = "riscv,cpu-intc";
interrupt-controller;
phandle = <0x00000002>;
}
}
}
ram@80000000 {
device_type = "memory";
reg = <0x80000000 0x40000000>;
reg-names = "mem";
phandle = <0x00000001>;
}
soc {
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000001>;
compatible = "freechips,rocketchip-unknown-soc", "simple-bus";
ranges;
clint@2000000 {
compatible = "riscv,clint0";
interrupts-extended = <0x00000002 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000007>;
reg = <0x02000000 0x00010000>;
reg-names = "control";
}
debug-controller@0 {
compatible = "sifive,debug-013", "riscv,debug-013";
interrupts-extended = <0x00000002 0x0000ffff>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x00001000>;
reg-names = "control";
}
gpio@64002000 {
#gpio-cells = <0x00000002>;
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000002>;
compatible = "sifive,gpio0";
gpio-controller;
interrupt-controller;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000003>;
interrupts = <0x00000003 0x00000004 0x00000005 0x00000006 0x00000007 0x00000008>;
reg = <0x64002000 0x00001000>;
reg-names = "control";
}
interrupt-controller@c000000 {
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
compatible = "riscv,plic0";
interrupt-controller;
interrupts-extended = <0x00000002 0x0000000b 0x00000002 0x00000009>;
reg = <0x0c000000 0x04000000>;
reg-names = "control";
riscv,max-priority = <0x00000007>;
riscv,ndev = <0x00000008>;
phandle = <0x00000003>;
}
rom@10000 {
compatible = "sifive,maskrom0";
reg = <0x00010000 0x00002000>;
reg-names = "mem";
}
serial@64000000 {
compatible = "sifive,uart0";
interrupt-parent = <0x00000003>;
interrupts = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x64000000 0x00001000>;
reg-names = "control";
}
spi@64001000 {
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000000>;
compatible = "sifive,spi0";
interrupt-parent = <0x00000003>;
interrupts = <0x00000001>;
reg = <0x64001000 0x00001000>;
reg-names = "control";
mmc@0 {
compatible = "mmc-spi-slot";
disable-wp;
reg = <0x00000000>;
spi-max-frequency = <0x01312d00>;
voltage-ranges = <0x00000ce4 0x00000ce4>;
}
}
tlclk {
#clock-cells = <0x00000000>;
clock-frequency = <0x017d7840>;
clock-output-names = "tlclk";
compatible = "fixed-clock";
}
}
}
[ 0.000000] HART = 0 DTB = 81200000
[ 0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 0, uname:
[ 0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 1, uname: chosen
[ 0.000000] Looking for initrd properties...
[ 0.000000] Command line is: debug console=ttySIF0,125200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 loglevel=7 rootwait
[ 0.000000] dt_root_size_cells = 1
[ 0.000000] dt_root_addr_cells = 1
[ 0.000000] memory scan node ram@80000000, reg size 8,
[ 0.000000] - 80000000 , 40000000
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Sat Jul 6 12:14:41 MSK 2019
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] INITIAL: ffffffe001000000
[ 0.000000] -> unflatten_device_tree()
[ 0.000000] Unflattening device tree:
[ 0.000000] magic: d00dfeed
[ 0.000000] size: 00001000
[ 0.000000] version: 00000011
[ 0.000000] size is 13512, allocating...
[ 0.000000] unflattening (____ptrval____)...
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for ->
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for chosen -> chosen
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for firmware -> firmware
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for aliases -> aliases
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for cpus -> cpus
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for cpu@0 -> cpu
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller -> interrupt-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for ram@80000000 -> ram
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for soc -> soc
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for clint@2000000 -> clint
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for debug-controller@0 -> debug-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for gpio@64002000 -> gpio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller@c000000 -> interrupt-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for rom@10000 -> rom
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for serial@64000000 -> serial
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for spi@64001000 -> spi
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for mmc@0 -> mmc
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for tlclk -> tlclk
[ 0.000000] <- unflatten_device_tree()
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcab0 [attach() failed for %s with error %d
[ 0.000000] ] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03eff0020 [(null)] | [cpu]Uscita su QEMU
SIFIVE, INC.
5555555555555555555555555
5555 5555
5555 5555
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5555 555555555555555555555555
5555 5555
5555 5555
5555 5555
5555555555555555555555555555 55555
55555 555555555 55555
55555 55555 55555
55555 5 55555
55555 55555
55555 55555
55555 55555
55555 55555
55555 55555
555555555
55555
5
SiFive RISC-V Core IP
{
#address-cells = <0x00000002>;
#size-cells = <0x00000002>;
compatible = "riscv-virtio";
model = "riscv-virtio,qemu";
chosen {
linux,initrd-start = <0x00000000 0x88000000>;
linux,initrd-end = <0x00000000 0x88442b86>;
riscv,kernel-start = <0x00000000 0x80200000>;
riscv,kernel-end = <0x00000000 0x80c482ac>;
bootargs = "";
stdout-path = <0x2f756172 0x74403130 0x30303030>;
}
uart@10000000 {
interrupts = <0x0000000a>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
clock-frequency = <0x00384000>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10000000 0x00000000 0x00000100>;
compatible = "ns16550a";
}
test@100000 {
reg = <0x00000000 0x00100000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "sifive,test0";
}
virtio_mmio@10008000 {
interrupts = <0x00000008>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10008000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10007000 {
interrupts = <0x00000007>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10007000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10006000 {
interrupts = <0x00000006>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10006000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10005000 {
interrupts = <0x00000005>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10005000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10004000 {
interrupts = <0x00000004>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10004000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10003000 {
interrupts = <0x00000003>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10003000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10002000 {
interrupts = <0x00000002>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10002000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
virtio_mmio@10001000 {
interrupts = <0x00000001>;
interrupt-parent = <0x00000002>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x10001000 0x00000000 0x00001000>;
compatible = "virtio,mmio";
}
cpus {
#address-cells = <0x00000001>;
#size-cells = <0x00000000>;
timebase-frequency = <0x00989680>;
cpu@0 {
device_type = "cpu";
reg = <0x00000000>;
status = "okay";
compatible = "riscv";
riscv,isa = "rv64imafdcsu";
mmu-type = "riscv,sv48";
clock-frequency = <0x3b9aca00>;
interrupt-controller {
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
interrupt-controller;
compatible = "riscv,cpu-intc";
linux,phandle = <0x00000001>;
phandle = <0x00000001>;
}
}
}
memory@80000000 {
device_type = "memory";
reg = <0x00000000 0x80000000 0x00000000 0x40000000>;
}
soc {
#address-cells = <0x00000002>;
#size-cells = <0x00000002>;
compatible = "simple-bus";
ranges;
pci@30000000 {
interrupt-map-mask = <0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000007>;
interrupt-map = <0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000022 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000022 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00000800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000022 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00001000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000001 0x00000002 0x00000023 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000002 0x00000002 0x00000020 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000003 0x00000002 0x00000021 0x00001800 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000004 0x00000002 0x00000022>;
ranges = <0x01000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x03000000 0x00000000 0x00010000 0x02000000 0x00000000 0x40000000 0x00000000 0x40000000 0x00000000 0x40000000>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x30000000 0x00000000 0x10000000>;
dma-coherent;
bus-range = <0x00000000 0x000002ff>;
linux,pci-domain = <0x00000000>;
device_type = "pci";
compatible = "pci-host-ecam-generic";
#size-cells = <0x00000002>;
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
#address-cells = <0x00000003>;
}
interrupt-controller@c000000 {
linux,phandle = <0x00000002>;
phandle = <0x00000002>;
riscv,ndev = <0x00000035>;
riscv,max-priority = <0x00000007>;
reg-names = "control";
reg = <0x00000000 0x0c000000 0x00000000 0x04000000>;
interrupts-extended = <0x00000001 0x0000000b 0x00000001 0x00000009>;
interrupt-controller;
compatible = "riscv,plic0";
#interrupt-cells = <0x00000001>;
#address-cells = <0x00000000>;
}
clint@2000000 {
interrupts-extended = <0x00000001 0x00000003 0x00000001 0x00000007>;
reg = <0x00000000 0x02000000 0x00000000 0x00010000>;
compatible = "riscv,clint0";
}
}
}
[ 0.000000] HART = 0 DTB = 80e00000
[ 0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 0, uname:
[ 0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 1, uname: chosen
[ 0.000000] Looking for initrd properties...
[ 0.000000] initrd_start=0x88000000 initrd_end=0x88442b86
[ 0.000000] Command line is: earlyprintk
[ 0.000000] dt_root_size_cells = 2
[ 0.000000] dt_root_addr_cells = 2
[ 0.000000] memory scan node memory@80000000, reg size 16,
[ 0.000000] - 80000000 , 40000000
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Sat Jul 6 12:14:41 MSK 2019
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (4467590 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] INITIAL: ffffffe000c00000
[ 0.000000] -> unflatten_device_tree()
[ 0.000000] Unflattening device tree:
[ 0.000000] magic: d00dfeed
[ 0.000000] size: 00000d56
[ 0.000000] version: 00000011
[ 0.000000] size is 14192, allocating...
[ 0.000000] unflattening (____ptrval____)...
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for ->
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for chosen -> chosen
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for uart@10000000 -> uart
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for test@100000 -> test
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10008000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10007000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10006000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10005000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10004000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10003000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10002000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10001000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for cpus -> cpus
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for cpu@0 -> cpu
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller -> interrupt-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for memory@80000000 -> memory
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for soc -> soc
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for pci@30000000 -> pci
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller@c000000 -> interrupt-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for clint@2000000 -> clint
[ 0.000000] <- unflatten_device_tree()
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effec00 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effeee8 [memory] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff0b0 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff320 [pci] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff858 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efffd58 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29400 r8192 d32040 u69632
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 258055
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: earlyprintk
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 949716K/1046528K available (6565K kernel code, 342K rwdata, 2564K rodata, 208K init, 832K bss, 96812K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] plic: mapped 53 interrupts to 2 (out of 2) handlers.
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[ 0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[ 0.000000] HART = 0 DTB = 80e00000
[ 0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 0, uname:
[ 0.000000] search "chosen", depth: 1, uname: chosen
[ 0.000000] Looking for initrd properties...
[ 0.000000] initrd_start=0x88000000 initrd_end=0x88442b86
[ 0.000000] Command line is: earlyprintk
[ 0.000000] dt_root_size_cells = 2
[ 0.000000] dt_root_addr_cells = 2
[ 0.000000] memory scan node memory@80000000, reg size 16,
[ 0.000000] - 80000000 , 40000000
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Sat Jul 6 12:14:41 MSK 2019
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (4467590 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] INITIAL: ffffffe000c00000
[ 0.000000] -> unflatten_device_tree()
[ 0.000000] Unflattening device tree:
[ 0.000000] magic: d00dfeed
[ 0.000000] size: 00000d56
[ 0.000000] version: 00000011
[ 0.000000] size is 14192, allocating...
[ 0.000000] unflattening (____ptrval____)...
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for ->
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for chosen -> chosen
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for uart@10000000 -> uart
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for test@100000 -> test
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10008000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10007000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10006000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10005000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10004000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10003000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10002000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for virtio_mmio@10001000 -> virtio_mmio
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for cpus -> cpus
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for cpu@0 -> cpu
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller -> interrupt-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for memory@80000000 -> memory
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for soc -> soc
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for pci@30000000 -> pci
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for interrupt-controller@c000000 -> interrupt-controller
[ 0.000000] fixed up name for clint@2000000 -> clint
[ 0.000000] <- unflatten_device_tree()
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effec00 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03effeee8 [memory] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff0b0 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff320 [pci] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efff858 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] ffffffe03effe888 ffffffe03efffd58 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29400 r8192 d32040 u69632
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 258055
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: earlyprintk
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 949716K/1046528K available (6565K kernel code, 342K rwdata, 2564K rodata, 208K init, 832K bss, 96812K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] plic: mapped 53 interrupts to 2 (out of 2) handlers.
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[ 0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=100000)
[ 0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.000000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.020000] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.020000] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 0.020000] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[ 0.050000] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effc808 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effca78 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effcd98 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd068 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd230 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd4b8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd740 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effd9c8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effdc50 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effded8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe160 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe3e8 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe670 [<NULL>] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] 0 ffffffe03effe888 [cpu] | [cpu]
[ 0.050000] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x76/0x17a with crng_init=0
[ 0.050000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[ 0.050000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.060000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.090000] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.090000] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 0.090000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.090000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.090000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.090000] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[ 0.090000] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <[email protected]>
[ 0.090000] PTP clock support registered
[ 0.100000] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[ 0.100000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[ 0.110000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.110000] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.110000] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.110000] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.110000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[ 0.110000] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.110000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.110000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.120000] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 0.590000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
[ 0.620000] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
[ 0.620000] io scheduler noop registered
[ 0.620000] io scheduler deadline registered
[ 0.620000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 0.620000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 0.620000] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 0.620000] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 0.690000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 0.690000] 10000000.uart: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x10000000 (irq = 10, base_baud = 230400) is a 16550A
[ 0.720000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 0.720000] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 0.720000] [drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 0.730000] loop: module loaded
[ 0.730000] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 0.740000] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k
[ 0.740000] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 0.740000] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 0.740000] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 0.740000] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[ 0.740000] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 0.740000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 0.740000] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 0.740000] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[ 0.740000] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 0.750000] Segment Routing with IPv6
[ 0.750000] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
[ 0.750000] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 0.750000] Key type dns_resolver registered
[ 0.760000] ALSA device list:
[ 0.760000] No soundcards found.
[ 0.770000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 208K
[ 0.770000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[ 0.770000] Run /init as init process(Le righe "time-stamped" vengono emesse dal kernel, davanti a loro l'albero viene emesso da BBL) Da un lato, l'FDT viene letto con successo, dall'altro, si ottiene una sorta di assurdità nell'analisi " oggetto” albero.
Durante il processo di debug mi sono accorto che BBL non riusciva a leggere il “doppio” indirizzo, non perché ci fosse un errore nella configurazione, ma semplicemente perché il nodo root aveva il #address-cells = <1>; #size-cells = <1>;.
Espandendo l'output di debug, ho visto che i puntatori a type и name “battuti”, e in un modo piuttosto strano: il loro primo byte (partendo da zero) è stato azzerato, qualcosa come 0xabcdef -> 0xab00ef. Ho dovuto usare una tattica familiare: conoscere gli indirizzi in cui si trova la memoria danneggiata, aggiungerla alla funzione printk stampare questi dati. Ebbene, le sfide stesse printk spargili dove ce ne sono pochi. Ahimè, la situazione non è diventata molto più chiara. Poi ho iniziato, consultando lo smontato objdump versione, imposta manualmente i punti di interruzione e segui passo dopo passo la sezione problematica del codice. E poi è stata scoperta una cosa misteriosa e spiacevole: se imposto immediatamente un punto di interruzione da qualche parte relativamente lontano dallo stato noto di buono, allora, fermandomi lì, vedrò la memoria già danneggiata. Ma se provi ad avvicinarti di soppiatto passo dopo passo, l'insetto riesce a nascondersi! Ha l'odore di un controller di memoria rotto e di una cache che nasconde l'errore se richiedi costantemente il valore richiesto. Cosa succede se…
Sostituzione della memoria
Aggrappandomi all'opportunità di risolvere un problema che non era dalla mia parte, ho pensato che forse avevo appena ricevuto una memory stick rotta. Poi mi sono ricordato che un netbook di dieci anni non è solo un computer portatile, ma anche una preziosa fonte di DDR2 SO-DIMM. Come bonus, puoi inserire la memoria rimossa dalla scheda e far sì che Memtest si blocchi quasi istantaneamente (Linux, tra l'altro, viene caricato quasi nella shell grafica. Ma è meglio non ripetere questo esperimento se apprezzi le informazioni sui dischi montati...). Da un lato, possiamo supporre che la memoria semplicemente non fosse adatta a questo particolare netbook. D'altra parte, è stato in grado di avviarsi! C'era la speranza che la memoria fosse semplicemente "rotta" e che il problema non fosse nella mia confezione.
Ciò significa che devi provare ad avviare temporaneamente con la memoria del netbook. Sfortunatamente Quartus 18 non sa come aggiornare questo IP Core in modo che possa essere modificato. Ciò significa che è finalmente giunto il momento di imparare a creare nuove istanze. Tutto si è rivelato abbastanza semplice: cerchiamo nel catalogo IP l'articolo DDR2 SDRAM Controller con ALTMEMPHY Intel FPGA IP e otteniamo un blocco con la stessa interfaccia di prima. L'unico problema è impostare le impostazioni di memoria corrette.
Ottenere i parametri del modulo di memoria
Esiste un modo relativamente ovvio per configurare il modulo: leggere i parametri dall'SPD. Infatti, se un normale computer legge i dati SPD e configura il controller in base ad essi, sottraiamo questi dati su un netbook esistente e inseriamoli in una tabella.
Questo viene fatto su Ubuntu : è necessario installare il pacchetto i2c-tools, caricare i moduli eeprom и i2c-i801 (Non sono sicuro però che il secondo driver funzioni ovunque), quindi scappa decode-dimms:
uscita decodifica-dimm
# decode-dimms version 6231 (2014-02-20 10:54:34 +0100)
Memory Serial Presence Detect Decoder
By Philip Edelbrock, Christian Zuckschwerdt, Burkart Lingner,
Jean Delvare, Trent Piepho and others
Decoding EEPROM: /sys/bus/i2c/drivers/eeprom/0-0050
Guessing DIMM is in bank 1
---=== SPD EEPROM Information ===---
EEPROM Checksum of bytes 0-62 OK (0x00)
SPD Revision Invalid
Fundamental Memory type Unknown (0x00)
---=== Manufacturing Information ===---
Manufacturer Undefined
Part Number Undefined
Decoding EEPROM: /sys/bus/i2c/drivers/eeprom/4-0050
Guessing DIMM is in bank 1
---=== SPD EEPROM Information ===---
EEPROM Checksum of bytes 0-62 OK (0x00)
SPD Revision Invalid
Fundamental Memory type Unknown (0x00)
---=== Manufacturing Information ===---
Manufacturer Undefined
Part Number Undefined
Decoding EEPROM: /sys/bus/i2c/drivers/eeprom/6-0050
Guessing DIMM is in bank 1
---=== SPD EEPROM Information ===---
EEPROM Checksum of bytes 0-62 OK (0x76)
# of bytes written to SDRAM EEPROM 128
Total number of bytes in EEPROM 256
Fundamental Memory type DDR2 SDRAM
SPD Revision 1.2
---=== Memory Characteristics ===---
Maximum module speed 800 MHz (PC2-6400)
Size 1024 MB
Banks x Rows x Columns x Bits 8 x 13 x 10 x 64
Ranks 2
SDRAM Device Width 16 bits
Module Height 30.0 mm
Module Type SO-DIMM (67.6 mm)
DRAM Package Planar
Voltage Interface Level SSTL 1.8V
Module Configuration Type No Parity
Refresh Rate Reduced (7.8 us) - Self Refresh
Supported Burst Lengths 4, 8
tCL-tRCD-tRP-tRAS 6-6-6-18
Supported CAS Latencies (tCL) 6T, 5T, 4T
Minimum Cycle Time 2.50 ns at CAS 6 (tCK min)
3.00 ns at CAS 5
3.75 ns at CAS 4
Maximum Access Time 0.40 ns at CAS 6 (tAC)
0.45 ns at CAS 5
0.50 ns at CAS 4
Maximum Cycle Time (tCK max) 8.00 ns
---=== Timing Parameters ===---
Address/Command Setup Time Before Clock (tIS) 0.17 ns
Address/Command Hold Time After Clock (tIH) 0.25 ns
Data Input Setup Time Before Strobe (tDS) 0.05 ns
Data Input Hold Time After Strobe (tDH) 0.12 ns
Minimum Row Precharge Delay (tRP) 15.00 ns
Minimum Row Active to Row Active Delay (tRRD) 10.00 ns
Minimum RAS# to CAS# Delay (tRCD) 15.00 ns
Minimum RAS# Pulse Width (tRAS) 45.00 ns
Write Recovery Time (tWR) 15.00 ns
Minimum Write to Read CMD Delay (tWTR) 7.50 ns
Minimum Read to Pre-charge CMD Delay (tRTP) 7.50 ns
Minimum Active to Auto-refresh Delay (tRC) 60.00 ns
Minimum Recovery Delay (tRFC) 127.50 ns
Maximum DQS to DQ Skew (tDQSQ) 0.20 ns
Maximum Read Data Hold Skew (tQHS) 0.30 ns
---=== Manufacturing Information ===---
Manufacturer Samsung
Manufacturing Location Code 0x02
Part Number M4 70T2864QZ3-CF7
Revision Code 0x3351
Manufacturing Date 2009-W34
Assembly Serial Number 0x79C64E9A
Number of SDRAM DIMMs detected and decoded: 3Il problema è che qui alcune tempistiche non sono indicate, quindi prendiamo la seconda strada.
Cosa c'è scritto sui nostri moduli:
In questo caso, la scritta sui chip di memoria stessi è più interessante: K4T1G164QQ-HCF7. Digitando questa riga in Google, otteniamo una scheda tecnica di diverse dozzine di pagine con tutti i parametri necessari, che possono essere facilmente incluse nelle proprietà IP Core. Fate solo attenzione alle unità di misura: da qualche parte ns, in qualche luogo - pse talvolta anche azioni tCK. Non ti insegnerò a cosa prestare attenzione: ho configurato molte cose da solo in modo casuale (non posso garantire che non puoi "bruciare" la memoria o l'FPGA in questo modo). Attirerò solo la tua attenzione su questo: non sono riuscito a far funzionare il controller per molto tempo e l'ultimo passaggio è stato rendermi conto che dovevo verificare la larghezza di tutte le interfacce di memoria per verificarne la conformità con il codice Verilog generato : dopotutto, quando sei dentro MemIfBundle indicato val mem_ba = IO(Output(UInt(2.W))), e ci sono 8 banchi (cioè un indirizzo largo 3 bit), quindi tutto ciò che abbiamo è l'output del controller di memoria sospeso in aria - un problema, ma non critico, quindi tutto è sintetizzato, ma non funziona.
Forse tutto funzionerebbe con il vecchio modulo se il controller fosse aggiornato, ma per ora sono troppo pigro per occuparmi di potenziali bug fluttuanti: ne ho abbastanza dei miei.
Quindi, dopo il trasloco timebase-frequency in DTS dal livello specifico della CPU al livello del nodo cpus (secondo la comprensibile richiesta del kernel), otteniamo:
Testo nascosto
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.19.0-sifive-1+ (trosinenko@trosinenko-pc) (gcc version 8.3.0 (Buildroot 2019.02-07449-g4eddd28f99)) #1 SMP Tue Jul 9 22:42:36 MSK 2019
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (16777216 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000bffffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000bfffffff]
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xbb1fc000-0xbf1fc000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29400 r8192 d32040 u69632
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 258055
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: debug console=ttySIF0,125200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 loglevel=7 rootwait
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 937696K/1046528K available (6565K kernel code, 343K rwdata, 2564K rodata, 208K init, 832K bss, 108832K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=1.
[ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] plic: mapped 8 interrupts to 1 (out of 2) handlers.
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1d854df40, max_idle_ns: 3526361616960 ns
[ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 2.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=10000)
[ 0.020000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.030000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.040000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.140000] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.190000] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 0.190000] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[ 0.220000] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.300000] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x76/0x17a with crng_init=0
[ 0.330000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[ 0.340000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.380000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 1.850000] vgaarb: loaded
[ 1.870000] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 1.900000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 1.910000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 1.920000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 1.930000] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[ 1.940000] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <[email protected]>
[ 1.950000] PTP clock support registered
[ 1.970000] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[ 2.010000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[ 2.600000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 2.640000] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 2.650000] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 2.670000] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 2.700000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[ 2.720000] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 2.730000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 2.750000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 2.770000] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 23.980000] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive
[ 24.030000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=18 bucket_order=0
[ 25.020000] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 251)
[ 25.030000] io scheduler noop registered
[ 25.040000] io scheduler deadline registered
[ 25.050000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 25.060000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 25.060000] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 25.120000] sifive_gpio 64002000.gpio: SiFive GPIO chip registered 6 GPIOs
[ 25.150000] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 28.870000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 28.940000] sifive-serial 64000000.serial: unable to find controller clock
[ 28.950000] sifive-serial: probe of 64000000.serial failed with error -2
[ 28.980000] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 28.990000] [drm] amdgpu kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 29.500000] loop: module loaded
[ 29.610000] sifive_spi 64001000.spi: Unable to find bus clock
[ 29.620000] sifive_spi: probe of 64001000.spi failed with error -2
[ 29.640000] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 29.680000] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k
[ 29.690000] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 29.700000] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 29.710000] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 29.720000] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[ 29.750000] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 29.790000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 29.800000] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 29.820000] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[ 29.900000] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 29.960000] Segment Routing with IPv6
[ 29.960000] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
[ 30.020000] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 30.020000] Key type dns_resolver registered
[ 30.070000] bootconsole [early0] uses init memory and must be disabled even before the real one is ready
[ 30.080000] bootconsole [early0] disabledDopo di che non succede nulla di visibile.
Ora puoi provare ad affrontare tre problemi:
[ 23.980000] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive
...
[ 28.940000] sifive-serial 64000000.serial: unable to find controller clock
...
[ 29.610000] sifive_spi 64001000.spi: Unable to find bus clock...e interrompe anche l'output sulla console.
Non è affatto difficile superare due problemi con le frequenze: è necessario aggiungere punti clocks nei sottoalberi dei dispositivi richiesti, per comodità dando un nome di etichetta chiaro per il nodo tlclk:
diff --git a/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts b/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts
index 4b2cebc..1347e76 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts
+++ b/arch/riscv/dts/zeowaa-1gb.dts
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@
L8: serial@64000000 {
compatible = "sifive,uart0";
interrupt-parent = <&L0>;
+ clocks = <&tlclk>;
interrupts = <2>;
reg = <0x64000000 0x1000>;
reg-names = "control";
@@ -107,6 +109,7 @@
interrupt-parent = <&L0>;
interrupts = <1>;
reg = <0x64001000 0x1000>;
+ clocks = <&tlclk>;
reg-names = "control";
L12: mmc@0 {
compatible = "mmc-spi-slot";
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@
voltage-ranges = <3300 3300>;
};
};
- L11: tlclk {
+ tlclk: tlclk {
#clock-cells = <0>;
clock-frequency = <25000000>;
clock-output-names = "tlclk";Aggiungendo la riga #define pr_debug printk all'inizio del file init/initramfs.c, che visualizza un messaggio relativo alla spazzatura invece di initramfs, otteniamo un messaggio leggermente più dettagliato:
[ 2.760000] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 2.770000] Detected gzip compressed data
[ 23.940000] Detected (null) compressed data
[ 23.970000] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archiveCioè, forse la spazzatura non lo è invece di initramfs e вместе.
Ok, ha trovato qualcosa, forse basta. Dov'è finita la console? La ricerca fornisce un collegamento al problema su Github: — si scopre che il solo UART, secondo l'autista, non vale nemmeno la pena parlarne. Ma del 11 luglio 2018 - un anno fa. Si è scoperto che questo commit non è mai arrivato all'albero da cui sto costruendo il kernel. Applicando manualmente questa patch, ho ottenuto un Linux funzionante! Si è scoperto che il problema con initramfs non era realmente critico.
Accedendo come user=root, password=sifive, ci sono riuscito senza problemi (a parte capire che il numero GPIO ha una base, da cui viene calcolato tutto, e che deve solo essere letta dallo pseudo-file corrispondente) Attraverso sysfs accendere il LED sulla scheda.
Come l'ultima volta, allego un video testuale del lancio di Linux. Quando la console passa da earlyprintk a quella standard, appare una sorta di immondizia, simile all'output quando la velocità UART è impostata in modo errato. È interessante notare che il giocatore ha risolto con successo questo "pasticcio".
Fonte: habr.com