GitHub ha deciso di interrompere il supporto ai protocolli TLS 1.0 e 1.1 nel repository di pacchetti NPM e su tutti i siti collegati al gestore di pacchetti NPM, inclusi npmjs.com. A partire dal 4 ottobre, per connettersi al repository, compresa l'installazione dei pacchetti, sar\u00e0 richiesto un client che supporti almeno TLS 1.2. Su GitHub, il supporto per TLS 1.0\/1.1 \u00e8 stato gi\u00e0 interrotto a febbraio 2018. Come motivazione viene citata la preoccupazione per la sicurezza dei propri servizi e la riservatezza dei dati degli utenti. Secondo GitHub, circa il 99% delle richieste al repository NPM viene gi\u00e0 effettuato utilizzando TLS 1.2 o 1.3, e Node.js supporta TLS 1.2 dal 2013 (a partire dalla versione 0.10), pertanto la modifica interesser\u00e0 solo una piccola parte degli utenti. <\/p>\n
Ricordiamo che i protocolli TLS 1.0 e 1.1 sono stati ufficialmente classificati come tecnologie obsolete dal comitato IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). La specifica TLS 1.0 \u00e8 stata pubblicata nel gennaio 1999. Sette anni dopo \u00e8 stata rilasciata l'aggiornamento TLS 1.1 con miglioramenti in materia di sicurezza, relativi alla generazione di vettori di inizializzazione e riempimento aggiuntivo. Tra i principali problemi di TLS 1.0\/1.1 si cita l'assenza di supporto per i moderni algoritmi di crittografia (come ECDHE e AEAD) e la presenza nella specifica di requisiti per il supporto di vecchi algoritmi, la cui affidabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 messa in discussione nel moderno contesto informatico (ad esempio, \u00e8 richiesto il supporto per TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, mentre per la verifica dell'integrit\u00e0 e dell'autenticazione vengono utilizzati MD5 e SHA-1). Il supporto per algoritmi obsoleti ha gi\u00e0 portato all'emergere di attacchi come ROBOT, DROWN, BEAST, Logjam e FREAK. Tuttavia, queste problematiche non costituivano vulnerabilit\u00e0 dirette del protocollo e venivano risolte a livello delle sue implementazioni. Nei protocolli stessi TLS 1.0\/1.1 non mancano vulnerabilit\u00e0 critiche che possano essere sfruttate per condurre attacchi pratici. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f GitHub \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 TLS 1.0 \u0438 1.1 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 NPM \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c NPM, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f npmjs.com. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 4 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043c TLS 1.2. \u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c GitHub \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 TLS 1.0\/1.1 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"