{"id":101086,"date":"2021-08-25T10:22:45","date_gmt":"2021-08-25T08:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/yadru-linux-ispolnilos-30-let"},"modified":"2021-08-25T10:22:45","modified_gmt":"2021-08-25T08:22:45","slug":"yadru-linux-ispolnilos-30-let","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/yadru-linux-ispolnilos-30-let","title":{"rendered":"Il kernel di Linux compie 30 anni.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>25 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1991 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 21-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 comp.os.minix \u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Linux, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f bash 1.08 \u0438 gcc 1.40. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d 17 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f. \u042f\u0434\u0440\u043e 0.0.1 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 62 \u041a\u0431 \u0432 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 10 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Linux \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 28 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0443 Linux, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u044b \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410 (\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e 13 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430), \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c &#8212; \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 3 \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0432.    <\/p>\n<p>Il kernel Linux \u00e8 stato creato sotto l'influenza del sistema operativo MINIX, che non soddisfaceva Linus a causa della sua licenza restrittiva. Successivamente, quando Linux divenne un progetto conosciuto, i detrattori cercarono di accusare Linus di aver copiato direttamente il codice di alcune sottosistemi di MINIX. L'attacco fu respinto da Andrew Tanenbaum, l'autore di MINIX, che incaric\u00f2 uno dei suoi studenti di eseguire un confronto dettagliato tra il codice di Minix e le prime versioni pubbliche di Linux. I risultati dello studio mostrarono solo quattro coincidenze non sostanziali nei blocchi di codice, dovute ai requisiti di POSIX e ANSI C.    <\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Freax, \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 &#171;free&#187;, &#171;freak&#187; \u0438 X (Unix). \u041d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u044f &#171;Linux&#187; \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0441 \u043b\u0451\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0410\u0440\u0438 \u041b\u0435\u043c\u043a\u0435 (Ari Lemmke), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0431\u0435 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u043d\u0430 FTP-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0435 &#171;freax&#187;, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441, \u0430 &#171;linux&#187;. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0438\u043c\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0446 \u0412\u0438\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043c \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043b\u043e \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043a (William Della Croce) \u0441\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443 Linux \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0443. \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043c\u0430\u043d Linux-\u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0432\u0438\u043d Tux, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0432 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0418\u043c\u044f Tux \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a Torvalds UniX.    <\/p>\n<p>Dinamica di crescita della base di codice (numero di righe di codice sorgente) del kernel:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> 0.0.1 &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 1991, 10 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 1.0.0 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442 1994, 176 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 1.2.0 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442 1995, 311 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 2.0.0 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044c 1996, 778 \u0442\u044b\u0441. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 2.2.0 &#8212; \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c 1999, 1.8 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 2.4.0 &#8212; \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c 2001, 3.4 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 2.6.0 &#8212; \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044c 2003, 5.9 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 2.6.28 &#8212; \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044c 2008, 10.2 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 2.6.35 &#8212; \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 2010, 13.4 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;   <\/li>\n<li> 3.0 &#8212; \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 2011, 14.6 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.   <\/li>\n<li> 3.5 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044c 2012, 15.5 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.   <\/li>\n<li> 3.10 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044c 2013, 15.8 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 3.16 &#8212; \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 2014, 17.5 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;   <\/li>\n<li> 4.1 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044c 2015, 19.5 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;  <\/li>\n<li> 4.7 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044c 2016, 21.7 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;   <\/li>\n<li> 4.12 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044c 2017, 24.1 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430;   <\/li>\n<li> 4.18 &#8212; \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 2018, 25.3 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.   <\/li>\n<li> 5.2 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044c 2019, 26.55 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.   <\/li>\n<li> 5.8 &#8212; \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 2020, 28.4 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.   <\/li>\n<li> 5.13 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044c 2021, 29.2 \u043c\u043b\u043d. \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430.   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Progresso nello sviluppo del kernel:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 0.0.1 &#8212; \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 1991, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e CPU i386 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 0.12 &#8212; \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c 1992, \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0435\u0439 GPLv2;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 0.95 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442 1992, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 X Window System, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0438.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 0.96-0.99 &#8212; 1992-1993, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 Ext2, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 ELF, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 SCSI, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \/proc.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel 1992 sono apparsi i primi distribuitivi SLS e Yggdrasil. Nell'estate del 1993 sono stati fondati i progetti Slackware e Debian.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 1.0 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442 1994, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 1.2 &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442 1995, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c Alpha, MIPS \u0438 SPARC, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 NFS;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 2.0 &#8212; \u0438\u044e\u043d\u044c 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c;    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Marzo 1997: fondata la LKML, mailing list degli sviluppatori del kernel Linux;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> 1998: lanciato il primo cluster basato su Linux, entrato nella lista Top500, composto da 68 nodi con CPU Alpha;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 2.2 &#8212; \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c 1999, \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f  \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"supporto IPv6\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"387\">supporto IPv6<\/a>, implementato un nuovo firewall, presentato un nuovo sottosistema audio;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 2.4 &#8212; \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c 2001, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 8-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438 64 \u0413\u0431 \u041e\u0417\u0423, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 Ext3, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 USB, ACPI;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Linux 2.6 &#8212; \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044c 2003, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 SELinux, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u044e\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, sysfs, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel 2005 \u00e8 stato presentato l'hypervisor Xen, che ha aperto l'era della virtualizzazione;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> A settembre 2008 \u00e8 stata rilasciata la prima versione della piattaforma Android, basata sul kernel Linux;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> A luglio 2011, dopo 10 anni di sviluppo della serie 2.6.x, \u00e8 stato effettuato il passaggio alla numerazione 3.x. Il numero di oggetti nel repository Git ha raggiunto i 2 milioni;  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel 2015 \u00e8 stata rilasciata la versione 4.0 del kernel Linux. Il numero di oggetti git nel repository ha raggiunto 4 milioni.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Ad aprile 2018, il traguardo di 6 milioni di oggetti git nel repository del kernel \u00e8 stato superato.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> A gennaio 2019 \u00e8 stato creato il ramo del kernel Linux 5.0. Il repository ha raggiunto 6,5 milioni di oggetti git.   <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Il kernel 5.8, pubblicato ad agosto 2020, \u00e8 diventato il pi\u00f9 grande mai esistito in termini di numero di modifiche.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel kernel 5.13 \u00e8 stato stabilito il record di 2150 sviluppatori, le cui modifiche sono state integrate nel kernel.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel 2021, nel ramo del kernel Linux-next \u00e8 stato aggiunto il codice per lo sviluppo di driver in Rust. \u00c8 in corso il lavoro per includere i componenti di supporto per Rust nel kernel principale.  <\/ul>\n<p>68% \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044b 20 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 5.13  10% \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Intel, 6.5% &#8212; Huawei, 5.9% &#8212; Red Hat, 5.7% &#8212; Linaro, 4.9% &#8212; Google, 4.8% &#8212; AMD, 3.1% &#8212; NVIDIA, 2.8% &#8212; Facebook, 2.3% &#8212; SUSE, 2.1% &#8212; IBM, 1.9% &#8212; Oracle, 1.5% &#8212; ARM, 1.4% &#8212;  Canonical. 13.2% \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u044f\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. 1.3% \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.  \u041f\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e 5.13 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f AMD, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 20.2% (\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440 amdgpu \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 3 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e 10% \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 &#8212;  2.4  \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b \u0441 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 GPU).<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=55678\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>25 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1991 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 21-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 comp.os.minix \u043e 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Il kernel 0.0.1 aveva una dimensione di 62 KB compresso e conteneva","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/yadru-linux-ispolnilos-30-let","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"it_IT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u042f\u0434\u0440\u0443 Linux \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c 30 \u043b\u0435\u0442 | ProHoster","og:description":"25 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1991 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 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