{"id":102274,"date":"2021-11-12T21:36:38","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T19:36:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-nebula-1-5-sistemy-dlya-sozdaniya-overlejnyh-p2p-setej"},"modified":"2021-11-12T21:36:38","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T19:36:38","slug":"vypusk-nebula-1-5-sistemy-dlya-sozdaniya-overlejnyh-p2p-setej","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-nebula-1-5-sistemy-dlya-sozdaniya-overlejnyh-p2p-setej","title":{"rendered":"Rilascio di Nebula 1.5, sistema per la creazione di reti P2P overlay","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c8 disponibile il rilascio del progetto Nebula 1.5, che offre strumenti per la costruzione di reti overlay sicure. La rete pu\u00f2 collegare da alcuni fino a decine di migliaia di host geograficamente distribuiti, situati presso diversi fornitori, formando una rete isolata separata sopra la rete globale. Il progetto \u00e8 scritto in linguaggio Go e distribuito con licenza MIT. \u00c8 fondato dalla Slack, che sviluppa l'omonimo messenger aziendale. \u00c8 supportato su Linux, FreeBSD, macOS, Windows, iOS e Android.    <\/p>\n<p>I nodi nella rete Nebula comunicano tra loro direttamente in modalit\u00e0 P2P \u2014 quando \u00e8 necessario trasferire dati tra i nodi, vengono creati dinamicamente collegamenti diretti. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"186\">VPN<\/a>L'identit\u00e0 di ciascun host nella rete \u00e8 confermata da un certificato digitale, e la connessione alla rete richiede l'autenticazione \u2014 ogni utente riceve un certificato che attesta l'IP nella rete Nebula, il nome e l'appartenenza ai gruppi di host. I certificati sono firmati da un'autorit\u00e0 di certificazione interna, implementata dal creatore della rete sulle proprie infrastrutture e utilizzata per attestare le credenziali degli host abilitati alla connessione alla rete overlay.        <\/p>\n<p>Per creare un canale di comunicazione autenticato e protetto in Nebula, viene utilizzato un protocollo di tunneling proprietario, basato sul protocollo di scambio chiavi di Diffie-Hellman e la crittografia AES-256-GCM. L'implementazione del protocollo si basa su primitive gi\u00e0 pronte e verificate, fornite dal framework Noise, che \u00e8 anche utilizzato in progetti come WireGuard, Lightning e I2P. Si afferma che il progetto ha superato un audit di sicurezza indipendente.      <\/p>\n<p>Per scoprire altri nodi e coordinare le connessioni alla rete, vengono creati nodi speciali &#171;lighthouse&#187;, i cui indirizzi IP globali sono fissi e noti ai partecipanti della rete. I nodi partecipanti non hanno alcun legame con l'esterno, sono identificati tramite certificati. I proprietari degli host non possono effettuare modifiche ai certificati firmati e, a differenza delle tradizionali reti IP, non possono fingersi un altro host semplicemente cambiando l'indirizzo IP. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"indirizzo IP\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"606\">indirizzo IP<\/a>Quando si crea un tunnel, l'identit\u00e0 dell'host \u00e8 confermata da una chiave privata individuale.    <\/p>\n<p>Alla rete creata viene assegnato un intervallo specifico di indirizzi intranet (ad esempio, 192.168.10.0\/24) e viene effettuato il collegamento degli indirizzi interni con i certificati degli host. Dai partecipanti alla rete overlay possono essere formati gruppi, ad esempio, per separare i server e le postazioni di lavoro, a cui vengono applicate regole di filtraggio del traffico distinte. Vengono forniti vari meccanismi per bypassare i traduttori di indirizzi (NAT) e i firewall. \u00c8 possibile organizzare la routing attraverso la rete overlay per il traffico di host di terze parti, che non fanno parte della rete Nebula (unsafe route).    <\/p>\n<p>\u00c8 supportata la creazione di firewall per separare l'accesso e filtrare il traffico tra i nodi nella rete overlay Nebula. Per il filtraggio vengono utilizzate ACL con associamento di tag. Ogni host nella rete pu\u00f2 definire le proprie regole di filtraggio basate su host, gruppi, protocolli e porte di rete. Gli host vengono filtrati non per indirizzi IP, ma per identificatori di host autenticati con firma digitale, impossibili da falsificare senza compromettere il coordinatore della rete del'autorit\u00e0 di certificazione.    <\/p>\n<p>Nel nuovo rilascio:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Nel comando print-cert \u00e8 stato aggiunto il flag &#171;-raw&#187; per la visualizzazione della rappresentazione PEM del certificato.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiunta la supporto per la nuova architettura Linux riscv64.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiunta un'impostazione sperimentale remote_allow_ranges per legare le liste di host autorizzati a subnet specifiche.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiunta l'opzione pki.disconnect_invalid per resettare i tunnel dopo la revoca della fiducia o la scadenza della vita del certificato.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiunta l'opzione unsafe_routes.&lt;route&gt;.metric per assegnare un peso a un particolare percorso esterno.        <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56142\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Nebula 1.5, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0421\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Nebula 1.5, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 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