{"id":102442,"date":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix"},"modified":"2021-12-02T03:36:44","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T01:36:44","slug":"vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/blog\/news\/vypusk-distributiva-nixos-21-11-ispolzuyushhego-paketnyj-menedzher-nix","title":{"rendered":"Rilascio della distribuzione NixOS 21.11, che utilizza il gestore di pacchetti Nix","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c8 stato rilasciato il distributore NixOS 21.11, basato sul gestore di pacchetti Nix e che offre una serie di sviluppi proprietari che semplificano la configurazione e la manutenzione del sistema. Ad esempio, in NixOS si utilizza un unico file di configurazione di sistema (configuration.nix), \u00e8 possibile effettuare rollback rapidi degli aggiornamenti, supporta il passaggio tra diversi stati del sistema, consente l'installazione di pacchetti individuali da parte degli utenti (il pacchetto viene installato nella home directory), \u00e8 possibile installare contemporaneamente pi\u00f9 versioni di un programma e garantisce build riproducibili. La dimensione dell'immagine di installazione completa con KDE \u00e8 di 1,6 GB, GNOME \u2014 2 GB, e la versione console ridotta \u00e8 di 765 MB.     <\/p>\n<p>Novit\u00e0 principali:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Il desktop KDE Plasma di default \u00e8 stato tradotto per utilizzare il protocollo Wayland. Sono stati aggiornati i desktop GNOME 41 e Pantheon 6 (da Elementary OS 6).\n<li class=\"l\"> Invece di iptables, \u00e8 stato utilizzato il set iptables-nft, che fornisce utilit\u00e0 con la stessa sintassi della riga di comando, ma traduce le regole ricevute in bytecode nf_tables.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiornate le versioni di Systemd 249, PHP 8.0, Python 3.9, PostgreSQL 13, bash 5, OpenSSH 8.8p1.\n<li class=\"l\"> Significativa migliorata la compatibilit\u00e0 con il sistema di gestione dei container LXD. Implementata la possibilit\u00e0 di costruire immagini per LXD da file di configurazione utilizzando nixpkgs. Assicurata la costruzione delle immagini di nixOS con pieno supporto per nixos-rebuild, che possono essere utilizzate in modo autonomo.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aggiunti oltre 40 nuovi servizi, tra cui Git, btrbk (backup btrfs), clipcat (gestore degli appunti), dex (fornitore OAuth 2.0), Jibri (servizio per la registrazione delle conferenze Jitsi Meet), Kea (server DHCP), owncast (streaming video), PeerTube, ucarp (implementazione del protocollo CARP), opensnitch (firewall dinamico), Hockeypuck (server chiavi OpenPGP), MeshCentral (equivalente di TeamViewer), influxdb2 (DBMS per la raccolta di metriche), fluidd (interfaccia web per la gestione delle stampanti 3D), postfixadmin (interfaccia web per la gestione della posta basata su Postfix), seafile (piattaforma di cloud storage). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/it\/server\/dts-prohoster\/\"   title=\"server\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3027\">server<\/a> basata su Postfix), seafile (piattaforma di cloud storage).      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Utilizzando Nix, i pacchetti vengono installati in una directory separata \/nix\/store o in una sottodirectory nella cartella dell'utente. Ad esempio, un pacchetto viene installato come \/nix\/store\/a2b5&#8230;8b163-firefox-94.0.2\/, dove &#171;a2b5&#8230;&#187; \u00e8 un identificatore unico del pacchetto utilizzato per il controllo delle dipendenze. I pacchetti sono confezionati in contenitori che contengono i componenti necessari per il funzionamento delle applicazioni. Un approccio simile \u00e8 adottato nel gestore di pacchetti GNU Guix, che si basa su sviluppi Nix.      <\/p>\n<p>\u00c8 possibile definire dipendenze tra i pacchetti; per la ricerca di dipendenze gi\u00e0 installate si utilizza la scansione degli hash identificativi nella directory dei pacchetti installati. \u00c8 possibile sia scaricare pacchetti binari gi\u00e0 pronti dal repository (quando si installano aggiornamenti, vengono scaricati solo i delta delle modifiche), sia compilare dai sorgenti con tutte le dipendenze. La collezione di pacchetti \u00e8 disponibile in un apposito repository chiamato Nixpkgs.          <\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56263\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435 Nix \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 NixOS \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (configuration.nix), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433), \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 NixOS 21.11, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c 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